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The theory of sexual goodness is a theory of human nature put forward by Mencius during the Warring States period. According to Mencius, sexual goodness can be verified by the universal mental activity that every human being has. Since this kind of mental activity is universal, it is justified and comes from human nature and nature, which Mencius called "conscience" and "good ability".
The theory of sexual evil was advocated by Xunzi at the end of the Warring States period, and the essence of human nature discussed by Xunzi is precisely the natural nature of "original simplicity" that does not care about good and evil, which has the possibility of transforming into evil and the opportunity to develop into good. The theory of sexual evil, which emphasizes the necessity of moral education, emphasizes the necessity of moral education, and the theory of sexual goodness, which focuses on the goodness of human nature and pays attention to the consciousness of moral cultivation, are both opposite and complementary to each other, and have had a significant impact on the theory of human nature in later generations.
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The theory of sexual evil is a view put forward by Xunzi, a thinker in the pre-Qin period. Xunzi believes that "human nature is evil, and its good person is hypocritical", that is to say, human nature is evil, and the good section of human nature is artificial, that is, it is formed by nurture.
The theory of sexual evil was put forward by Xunzi. Xunzi was one of the blind figures of the Confucian school in the pre-Qin period, and his view of sexual evil was contrary to Mencius's "theory of sexual goodness", pointing out that there is no natural goodness, and the goodness of human nature needs to be cultivated and nurtured. Therefore, Xunzi emphasized that it is necessary to change the evil of nature through acquired upbringing.
Basically, although Mencius's theory of sexual goodness and Xunzi's theory of sexual evil are different, they have the same goal, both emphasize the importance of moral education in the cultivation of human nature, emphasize inner moral cultivation, and follow etiquette and righteousness. And etiquette and righteousness are the hypocrisy of saints and gentlemen. "False" here does not mean hypocrisy, but artificiality, which is distinguished from innateness.
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This is the view of Xunzi, a Confucian thinker in the middle and late Warring States period; On the issue of human nature, he put forward the "theory of sexual evil", which denied the moral concept of natural talent and emphasized the influence of acquired environment and education on people;
Xunzi put forward the view of "sexual evil", which is diametrically opposed to Mencius's theory of "sexual goodness". He believes that human nature is an innate and simple natural attribute, "mortal nature is also natural, cannot be learned, cannot be ,......."And in the human person, it is called "sex" (Xunzi Sexual Evil"), which is manifested as "armor and desire to be full, cold and warm, hard work and several grandchildren want to rest" (Xunzi Sexual Evil), so human nature is "born with good interests", "born with diseases and evil", "born with ears and eyes, with good voices and lust" (Xunzi Sexual Evil). The "goodness" of human nature is artificially acquired (i.e., "pseudo"), "human nature is evil, and its good is hypocritical" (Xunzi Nature Evil).
"Goodness" is the result of the acquired environment and educational learning, "those who are righteous and righteous are born of saints, people can learn and be able to do things, and those who have done things are also ......."It can be learned and can be done in talents, which is called hypocrisy" (Xunzi Sexual Evil). The "sexuality" given by nature and the "pseudo" of acquired learning are a pair of contradictions, and to solve the contradiction through "turning sex into fakeness", that is, to change the "sexual" chain through learning and things. "Sexuality" and "pseudo" are opposites and unified, "if there is no sex, there is nothing to add to the false, and if there is no hypocrisy, sex cannot be self-beautiful", only to achieve "sexual pseudo-union, and then the name of the saint is one" (Xunzi Rite Theory).
Xunzi's theory of "sexual evil" is very different from Mencius's theory of "sexual goodness", but they are the same in terms of the purpose of educating and reforming the people through the so-called "teaching of the holy king". His idea of sexual evil is also considered by later generations to be the germ of his Legalist ideological tendency.
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