What are the basic references of commodity science

The content of commodity science research is determined by the research object of commodity science. According to the research object of commodity science, the research content is based on the commodity body, with the commodity-human-environment as the system, so that the expression of the use value of the commodity in terms of quality and quantity-commodity quality and commodity variety is the center. The main line is to continuously meet the needs of commodity exchange and consumption and other social needs with commodity attributes, including:

the quality of the goods and their impact;

the composition, structure and properties of the commodity;

product classification and coding;

commodity standards and standardization;

commodity inspection and quarantine;

commodity quality management and quality supervision;

product quality certification;

product packaging and labeling;

brand and trademark management;

commodity storage, transportation and maintenance;

new product development;

Information & Commodities**;

the psychology of commodity consumption;

product advertising; Commodities & Resources, Environmental Protection.

Commodity Science Commodity science is the study of commodities and their values, as well as the laws of exchange value, use value, and how to achieve it.

Commodity science is the inevitable product of the development of commodity economy to a certain stage. In foreign countries, the first courses in commodity science were offered in the 18th century. The founder of merchandising was the German Johann Beckmann.

The development of commodity science in China has gone through the embryonic stage, the establishment and development stage, and the stage of total quality concept. In the 19th century, commodity science was introduced to China from Germany, which led to the rapid development of commodity science in China. In 1902, commodity science was taken as a compulsory course in China's commercial education.

There are three schools of thought in the world of commodity science: 1) the technical school, which advocates the study of commodity science from the aspect of natural science; 2) School of Economics:

advocating the study of commodity science from the social sciences; 3) Convergence School: It advocates the study and evaluation of the use value of commodities from both technical and economic aspects.

Zhang Shiping, dean of the Hong Kong Institute of Entrepreneurship, believes that the core of commodity research is commodities and their values, and the content mainly includes: the function of commodities, the first problem, the replacement method, advertising, and trading. Commodities are the starting point of the economy, and commodity science is the foundation of economics.

Other scholars believe that the content mainly includes:

The natural attributes of the product.

The social attributes of commodities, i.e., how the quality of commodities are formed, and the evaluation methods;

requirements for the quality of goods and factors affecting the quality of goods;

commodity standardization;

Commodity classification method, commodity coding method;

Basic methods and skills of commodity inspection and identification;

the role of commodity packaging in commodity circulation and the requirements for commodity packaging;

Environmental labeling, a method for evaluating the environmental quality of goods.

knowledge of consumer goods, etc.

The content involves the general part of the discipline system of commodity science, including: the emergence and development of commodity science; the quality of the goods; the composition and performance of the goods; product classification and coding; commodity standards and standardization; inspection and quarantine of commodities; Commodity quality supervision and quality certification; commodity packaging; Trademarks and product barcodes. Focusing on the core issue of commodity quality in the field of circulation, this book timely tracks and reflects the requirements of the contemporary world market, the international market and China, as a world-leading country, for import and export commodities and the corresponding management system, and studies the current issues of general concern to society and consumers.

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Introduction to Commodity Science (2nd Edition) systematically introduces the basic knowledge and basic principles of commodity science, such as commodity classification and coding, commodity variety and commodity development, commodity composition and performance, commodity quality and quality management, commodity standards and quality certification, commodity inspection and quality supervision, commodity packaging, commodity storage, transportation and maintenance. It can be used as a teaching material for higher vocational colleges, as well as a training material for marketing and management personnel.

Chapter 1 Introduction to Commodity Science.

Section 1 Overview.

Section 2 Commodity Quality and Appraisal.

Section 3 Commodity Classification and Coding.

Section 4 Commodity Packaging.

Chapter 2 Knowledge of Commodities for Daily Life.

Section 1 Daily Industrial Products.

Section 2 Textiles.

Section 3 Grain and Foodstuffs.

Section 4 Household Appliances.

Chapter 3 Knowledge of Commodities for Production.

Section 1 Metal materials and their products.

Section 2 Mechanical and electrical products.

Section 3 Chemical raw materials and their products.

Section 4 Cement and New Decorative Materials.

Section 5 Wood and Fuel.

Chapter IV Commodity Storage and Conservation.

Section 1 Warehousing and stacking of commodities.

Section 2 Storage and Custody of Commodities.

Section 3 Conservation of Commodities.

Section 4: Handling of custody and accounting.

Chapter 5 Commodity Transportation.

Section 1 Commodity transportation business.

Section 2 Container transportation.

Chapter 6 Logistics Modernization.

Section 1 Commodity storage and transportation business.

Section 2 Commodity Distribution and Distribution Centers.