What are the characteristics of Han dress, customs and habits?

Hanfu, the full name is "Han national traditional clothing", also known as Han clothing, Han costume, Chinese clothing, from the Yellow Emperor's accession to the throne to the middle of the 17th century AD (late Ming and early Qing Dynasty), in the main residential area of the Han nationality, with the "Chinese Han" culture as the background and leading ideology, with Chinese etiquette culture as the center, through natural evolution and formed with a unique Han national style and character, obviously different from other ethnic traditional clothing and accessories system, is China's "clothing country", "etiquette state", "splendid China", the embodiment of the country of Seris, It carries the outstanding craftsmanship and aesthetics of dyeing, weaving and embroidery of the Han nationality, and inherits more than 30 Chinese intangible cultural heritages and protected Chinese arts and crafts.

Similar to the term Han people, the extension of the meaning of the word "Han" in Hanfu also has a process of expanding from the Han Dynasty to the whole ethnic designation. For example, the earliest record of "Hanfu" in the "Mawangdui No. 3 Tomb Dispatch Book": "Jian Sisi 'four beauties, two of them are Chufu, and two of them are Hanfu'"[1] refers to the clothing and etiquette system of the Han Dynasty, that is, the crown and clothing system in "Zhou Li", "Etiquette" and "Book of Rites"[2]; The record of the "Book of Barbarians" written in the Tang Dynasty:

The first attack on Hanfu, and then a little participation in the customs of Zhurong, so far but the morning glow is entangled, and the rest is the same", the "Hanfu" refers to the Han people's clothing and etiquette system [3].

Hanfu "began with the Yellow Emperor and was prepared by Yao Shun"[4], which originated from the Yellow Emperor's coronadian uniform[5]. It was finalized in the Zhou Dynasty, and through the Han Dynasty, a complete crown and clothing system was formed according to the Four Books and Five Classics, and became a part of the Shinto religion. [6] Therefore, later Chinese dynasties Junzong Zhou, Fa and Han took the inheritance of the Han clothes crown as a national event[7], so there was a public opinion in the 24 histories.

The Yellow Emperor, Yao, and Shun hung their clothes and ruled the world, and the benefits were taken from Qiankun"[8], which means that the shape of the upper and lower clothes is determined by the will of heaven and is sacred[9][10]. Hanfu has also influenced the entire Han cultural circle through the Chinese legal system, and some ethnic groups in Asian countries such as Japan, Korea, Vietnam, Mongolia, Bhutan, etc. have or borrowed Hanfu characteristics.

One of the biggest characteristics of the Han people's clothing in ancient times is the wide robe and wide sleeves, which looks like an immortal. And customs, we often have now, for example, many of the festivals we have are.

The costume of the Han nationality: it is Hanfu, and the full name is "the traditional costume of the Han nation".

Hanfu began with "the Yellow Emperor hung his clothes and ruled the world", and ended in the Qing Dynasty "shaving hair and easy to wear". It is not the "clothes of the Han Dynasty" as people mistakenly think. For thousands of years, although Hanfu has been polished by many dynasties, the original "deep clothes" are still the only representative of Hanfu.

The most beautiful destination of Hanfu is at the time of the traditional Chinese festival. We can all solemnly change into the traditional Hanfu of our own nation and do some traditional customs full of rituals. Compared with those fashionable new clothes, I think that only Hanfu, which lasts for thousands of years, is enough to support this role.

We believe that one day, Chinese people wearing Hanfu can amaze the world.

In ancient times, the Han people wore blue clothes and tied a bun on the top of their heads.

There are a lot of customs and habits of the Han people, especially in our southern region, there are some dragon boats, and some rice dumplings, etc., which are the customs and habits of our Han people.

The dress customs of the Han nationality, that is, the popular Han nationality can tolerate the culture of other ethnic groups, and they can wear any kind of clothes, which is more casual and casual.

The Han nationality is still relatively conservative, characterized by looseness and rigor.

The Han people now dress in the same way as the ethnic minorities, except that the ethnic minorities wear their own national costumes during festivals.

The current Hanfu is not the same as before, and it is also for fashion, so there is no habit to say it, so you don't have to worry too much.

It's mainly based on simple dressing, and there is no very strict wearing habit.

Now I wear more than a pound, it is popular, and there are no national characteristics, the national characteristics of the past

The customs and habits of Hanfu are also handed down by the ancestors, and he looks very traditional.

This Han people, for these clothes and customs, his father is not particularly big. There are some special things that are very common to them.

First of all, he is conservative in the dress of the Han people, and this will definitely be there.

In terms of characteristics, it is mainly because she will wear it loosely and comfortably.

The Han people have their own customs and habits.

Many customs are very good and need to be respected and preserved.

The Han people's clothing and customs are basically a simple score, this you have to see that the Hanfu before Ishigaki is still pure, and the current Han people.

What are the characteristics of Han dress customs and habits? In the words of the Sichuan master, people have evolved over time from ancient times to the present, and they can be solved.

The characteristics of the dress customs of the Han nationality are different according to the customs and habits of each region.

The Han people's dress customs and habits are not fart-specific, and they are more casual.

Characteristics of Han customs:

1. Eating habits.

The main staple food of the Han people is rice and wheat, supplemented by vegetables, meat and soy products, in addition to tea and wine are the traditional drinks of the Han people.

2. Language and writing.

The Han language is mainly Chinese, and the writing is mainly Chinese characters. In addition, the Han nationality is widely distributed in the area, so it contains many dialects.

3. Han nationality**.

The Han nationality has its own traditions, and the Han nationality has a long history and unique creations. From the Qin and Han dynasties.

It has been passed down to the present day.

4. Traditional festivals.

There are many traditional festivals of the Han nationality, such as the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Qingming Festival and other traditional festivals.

5. Religious beliefs.

The traditional ideology of the Han people is mainly Confucianism and Taoism.

Buddhism, on the basis of Confucianism to Taoism.

Buddhism is also involved. Later, many Western religious beliefs gradually spread to China, and now the Han people also believe in Western religions such as Catholicism and Catholicism.

6. Salutation customs.

In China, the traditional concept of generation of the Han nationality has existed for a long time, with itself as the center, with four generations of elders and four generations of younger generations, forming a "high ancestor and great ancestor."

Grandfather, father, person, son, grandson, great-grandson, great-grandson".

Consanguinity, that's the nine levels. If you put the collateral blood relationship and in-law relationship.

Together, a vast kinship system is formed.

1. Shang Nong: The Han nationality is known for its diligence and creative spirit. Historically, the economy of the Han nationality was dominated by agriculture and concurrently engaged in household sideline business, which was a typical natural economy of male farmers and female weavers.

The agricultural production of the Han nationality has always been developed in history, especially for water conservancy irrigation and intensive cultivation, and the handicraft industry of the Han nationality also has a fairly high level of development.

2. Respect for ancestors: Respect for ancestors and respect for the elderly is the eternal legacy of the Han nationality. The Han nationality is also a nation with a long history that has never been interrupted.

Ancestor worship is the worship of ancestors. Sometimes sacrifices, hall sacrifices, festival sacrifices, annual sacrifices, house sacrifices, ancestral sacrifices, etc., and some have to pay homage to the faces of the ancestors of the past dynasties during the New Year's Festival, so as to show that they do not forget their ancestors.

3. Surname and first name: There is a difference between the surname and surname of the Han people. The original surname was the clan name of the matrilineal clan commune.

The character "surname" is a combination of the words "female" and "sheng". Many ancient surnames have "female" next to them, such as Jiang, Yao, Ji, etc. A surname is a branch of a surname.

Due to the multiplication of offspring, the clan was divided into several branches and scattered all over the place, each of which had a special mark as a sign, that is, the clan.

The Han nationality takes grain crops as the staple food and various animal foods and vegetables as the basic dietary structure. This is a sharp difference from the dietary structure of the Western ethnic groups and the Tibetan and Mongolian ethnic groups in China. In addition, in the long-term development of the nation, the habit of eating three meals a day has been formed.

The combination of staple foods, dishes and beverages in three meals a day not only has certain commonality, but also forms a series of specific characteristics due to different geographical and climatic environments, economic development levels, production and living conditions, etc.

Rice and pasta, the staple food, are the two major types of staple food of the Han nationality, in the south and north rice planting areas, rice food is the main food, wheat planting areas are mainly pasta, in addition, other food crops in various places, such as corn, sorghum, cereals, potato crops as miscellaneous grains have also become a part of the staple food in different regions. The production methods of the staple food of the Han nationality are rich and colorful, and there are no less than hundreds of rice and flour products. At present, rice is still the main food in southeast China, and there are many kinds of rice products, such as rice, rice cakes, rice porridge, rice balls, rice noodles, glutinous rice, glutinous rice balls, zongzi, etc.; Northeast, Northwest and North China are mainly pasta, steamed buns, buns, noodles, pancakes, pies, dumplings, etc. are all daily favorite foods, others such as Shandong pancakes, Shaanxi pot helmets, Shanxi knife cut noodles, Northwest, North China noodles, Sichuan Dandan noodles, Jiangsu bridge noodles and so on are all famous noodle flavor food.

CuisineThe Han nationality has formed many different types of dishes in terms of food customs because it is influenced by many conditions. First of all, the local characteristics of raw materials, such as all kinds of seafood food in the southeast coast, all kinds of mountain delicacies and game in the mountains and forests in the north, and the folk snake feast in Guangdong. Secondly, it is also subject to the constraints of the living environment and tastes.

People often summarize the food customs and tastes of the Han and other related ethnic groups as "sweet in the south, salty in the north, spicy in the east, and sour in the west". Although it is too general and not accurate, it also reflects the differences and distinctions of certain tastes with regional characteristics. Thirdly, the different requirements and characteristics of the preparation methods in various places, including ingredients, knife work, heat, seasoning, and cooking techniques, are all important factors in the formation of dish types.

On the basis of folk taste, each region has gradually developed into a distinctive regional cuisine type, and finally developed into a more representative cuisine. It has become a grand view of Han food culture.

Beverages: wine and tea are the two main beverages of the Han people. China is the homeland of tea, and China is also one of the first countries in the world to invent brewing technology. Wine culture and tea culture have a long history in China, and for thousands of years, they have formed an indispensable part of the food customs of the Han people, and have also had a wide influence in the world.

In addition to the two main beverages of wine and tea, certain fruits and other products have also become the drinks of people in different regions and different seasons.

1. Gift-giving: The social relationship of the Han nationality is a typical reciprocal social relationship.

Usually differences in social relations are expressed by means of similar family titles.

The connection between the individual and society is called "guanxi", and the connection is emotional.

Social relations among Chinese people are usually carried out through the exchange of gifts.

Since ancient times, there is a saying that "goose feathers are sent thousands of miles, and the gift is light and affectionate", which means that the value of the gift lies in the kindness and heart of the giver, rather than the value of the gift itself.

Especially the love token.

2. Funeral: The main color of traditional Chinese funerals is white, so it is also known as white things, as opposed to red events (happy events).

Depending on the deceased's beliefs and economic circumstances, the whole process is often mixed with Buddhist, Taoist or Feng Shui rituals.

3. The language of the Han nationality is Chinese, which is written in Chinese characters.

Chinese belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language family, and according to the common classification method in the academic circles, it can be divided into seven major dialects: northern dialects (official dialects), Wu dialects, Hunan dialects, Gan languages, Hakka dialects, Min languages, and Cantonese dialects.

There are also many scholars who believe that the Pinghua dialect of Guangxi and the Jin dialect of Shanxi should be placed alongside the other seven major dialects.

4. Paying attention to historiography is a prominent feature of Han cultural history.

Since Sima Qian wrote the "Historical Records", there have been chronicle history books in all dynasties, and the famous "Twenty-four History" has been formed in the Qing Dynasty; The chronicles are represented by "Spring and Autumn", "Zuo Chuan", and "Zizhi Tongjian"; Various other chronicles, ancient histories, miscellaneous histories, local historical records, historical theories, and other official and private writings have made China the country with the richest collection of ancient historical documents in the world, the vast majority of which were written by Han scholars.

5. Traditional Chinese medicine is traditional medicine with the medical practice of the Han nationality as the main body.

Traditional Chinese medicine is based on the five elements of yin and yang, and regards the human body as a unity of qi, form, and spirit.

Through looking, smelling, asking, cutting, and the methods of four diagnoses and references, we can explore the pathogenesis, pathogenesis, meridians, joints, qi, blood, and fluid changes in the body, judge the growth and decline of evil, and then derive the name of the disease, summarize the syndrome type, and formulate the treatment methods such as "sweating, spitting, lowering, and, warming, clearing, replenishing, and eliminating" with the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment, and use Chinese medicine, acupuncture, massage, cupping, qigong, dietary therapy, guidance and other means to make the human body achieve the harmony of yin and yang.

In Han Chinese society, the concept of clan is deeply rooted. Monogamous marriages (see Monogamous Families) are common, and family marriages are known for their strength and stability. The main festival is the Spring Festival, which is the most grand, as well as the Qingming Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, etc.

The clothing, food, housing and customs of the Han nationality have been quite distinctive from ancient times to the present, and have changed due to the changes of the times. Changing customs, bringing forth the new, accepting the influence of foreign culture, modernity, civilization, science and comfort have become the trend of the development of life customs. Monogamous marriage is common among the Han people, and the marriage and family are known for their solidity and stability.

It is a virtue to pay attention to etiquette, respect for the elders and love for the young.

Han language and origin:

The language of the Han people, commonly known as Chinese, belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language family, and is one of the oldest and richest languages in the world. The main dialects are divided into seven dialects, namely the northern dialect, the Wu dialect, the Hunan dialect, the Jiangxi dialect, the Hakka dialect, the Min dialect, and the Cantonese dialect. The modern Han common language is based on the northern dialect, with Beijing pronunciation as the standard pronunciation.

The Chinese script originated from ancient times, and the popular square script evolved from the oracle bone script of the Yin Shang Dynasty and the Jin script of the Shang and Zhou dynasties. Qin Shi Huang unified the six countries and implemented the "book with the same text", so the small seal made by Qin was circulated throughout the country. The success of the Qin unified script in a short period of time shows that the original script of the Six Kingdoms was only a written expression of the same language with local characteristics.

In addition to the small seal in the Qin Dynasty, there was also Lishu, and at the end of the Han Dynasty, there was a common Chinese character that changed the Li, that is, Kaishu, which prevailed in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and has been popular until now. Although the Han nationality is widely distributed and the local dialects are quite different, the unification of the Chinese script has been formed in the Qin and Han dynasties. This unification of the written language has played a major role in the development of Han culture, the cultural exchanges of various ethnic groups, and the reunification of the country.