There are several types of translation What does translation mean?

Translation refers to the use of words in one language to express the meaning of words in another language.

Translation is not just about converting one language into another language one by one, but also about expressing the same meaning in another language. Whether a good translation can be done depends not only on a person's foreign language level, but also on the level of his native language proficiency. Translation is a simple translation of the original language into the target language, but it is difficult to translate it well.

Translation is not only a technology, but also an art, an artistic act of re-creation. For beginners in foreign languages, the inability to translate smoothly is often due to the limitation of vocabulary; For foreign language masters, it is precisely their native language level that restricts their translation.

The difference between literal translation and paraphrase translation.

Literal translation focuses on linguistic and formal correspondence, and on preserving the original flavor of the original text. Paraphrasing focuses on the fluency of the translated text, its suitability to the reader's habits and culture, etc., and places the linguistic and formal correspondence in the second place. In the actual process of translation, it is often necessary to combine and complement the literal translation with the meaning, so that the translation can best fit the original text and the reader, and give full play to the maximum value of the translation.

Translations are divided into the following four types.

Written Translation – Written translation, translated in words (as distinct from interpretation).

Oral translation - The interpreter translates the target language into the target language in a spoken way, and does oral translation, that is, the simultaneous interpreter translates "at the same time" while the speaker is still speaking.

Simultaneous interpreting – a type of interpretation in which an interpreter constantly interprets the content of the speaker's speech to an audience without interrupting the speaker's speech.

Consecutive interpreting – An interpreter sits in a conference room and listens to the source language while taking notes. When the speaker finishes speaking or stops to wait for the interpreter, the interpreter accurately and completely re-expresses the entire message of the source language in a clear and natural target language, as if he or she were speaking. Consecutive interpreting in conference interpreting requires the interpreter to be able to listen to a continuous speech for up to five to ten minutes and to use good presentation skills to translate the entire text of the speech completely and accurately.

There are interpretation, translation, simultaneous, consecutive, and so on.

After the defense, there is a high probability that it will be revised, because the defense expert will ask some clever suggestions or questions, and after the meeting, you will have to improve it according to these suggestions or questions, which is also one of the purposes of the defense. Find a medical translator from Qingxiao Bei, and this part is very good.

Translation is a way of linguistic communication, which allows countries with different languages to communicate and communicate through English, the world's language.

For enterprises, it is necessary not only to translate various information materials, but also to translate bidding documents, as well as simultaneous translation, interpretation and other translation needs when necessary. This requires the help of professional translators to complete communication and exchange.

1. Repetition

In translation, sometimes in order to be faithful to the original text, certain words have to be repeated, otherwise the meaning of the original text cannot be faithfully expressed. The retranslation method has the following three functions: first, for clarity; The second is to emphasize; The third is for vividness.

2. Amplification

In order for the translation to faithfully express the meaning and style of the original text and to conform to the customary expression, some words must be added.

3. Omission

As with everything else, translation increases and decreases. After understanding the method of addition and translation, we also understand the method of subtraction, which is the opposite of the method of addition and translation.

4. Conversion of parts of speech

In translation, due to the differences in grammar and idiomatic expressions between the two languages, the translation must change the class of speech under the condition of ensuring that the meaning of the original text remains unchanged, which is the class of speech translation method, which not only refers to the change of the class of words, but also includes the change of the role of the word class and the change of a certain word order.

5. Inversion

The word "inversion" should not be translated as "backwards", "backwards" or "reversed", otherwise it is easy to be confused with the concept of "inverted" in grammar. As a translation technique, inversion means that the word order is changed as necessary or necessary during translation, not just by simply reversing the word order or inverting it.

6. Righteous anti-translation, anti-righteous orthodoxy (negation).

Negation has different meanings in two different disciplines: grammar and translation. As a translation technique, it mainly refers to the fact that in translation practice, in order to make the translation faithfully and linguistically convey the meaning of the original text, it is sometimes necessary to turn the positive statement in the original text into the negative statement in the translated text, or the negative statement in the original text into the positive statement in the translated text.

7. Division

The sub-translation method is mainly used for the translation of long sentences. In order to make the translation faithful and understandable, it is sometimes necessary to translate a long sentence into two or more sentences. This is the main content of the sub-translation method, where the so-called sentence does not lie in the end with a full stop, but in the presence or absence of a subject-verb structure, generally speaking, the part of the language containing a subject-verb structure is a sentence with empty paragraphs.

8. The change of the voices

The voice here refers to the active voice and the passive voice, the use of these two voices in English and Chinese is very different, the use of passive voice is one of the main characteristics of scientific and technological articles, and its usage is very wide.

Translation can generally be divided into translation and interpretation. According to the field, it can be divided into literary translation, business translation, technical translation, IT translation, financial translation, patent translation, etc. Technical translation can be further subdivided into mechanical translation, chemical translation, electronic translation, and so on.

Mechanical translation includes the translation of technical information of machinery and equipment, and the largest category is the translation of instruction manuals.

The type of translationThere will also be cross-cutting fields, such as the translation of data equipment, which will involve many fields such as medical, electronic and mechanical. When translating, it is even more difficult to translate accurately without certain knowledge in the relevant field. If you don't understand finance and can't explain it clearly in Chinese, how to talk about translating financial information, interpretation is generally divided into escort translation, consecutive interpretation, and simultaneous interpretation, and the difficulty increases in turn.

As with written translation, knowledge of the relevant field is required. There is also a way to classify internal translations and external business translations. In-house translators are characterized by specialized content and are generally specific to a specific field, while translators outside the company generally have clients in multiple fields and may translate a wider range of content.