What are the musical instruments??? What are the national musical instruments

There are a lot of famous and unknown ones! For example: erhu, pipa, flute, gourd silk, guzheng.

Folk musical instruments include Xiao, pan flute, sheng, xun, suona, flute, Dong flute, pan flute, yueqin, liuqin, sanxian, zheng, ruan, guqin, pipa, bangzi, muyu, dulcimer, yungong, chime, waist drum, erhu, jinghu, gaohu, sanhu, banhu, xiqin, matouqin, etc.

1. Pipa, the first plucked instrument, plucked string instrument. Made of wood or bamboo, etc., the speaker is semi-pear-shaped, and the top is equipped with four strings, which was originally made of silk thread, and now it is mostly made of steel wire, steel rope, and nylon. The neck and panel are equipped with "phases" and "frets" to determine the phoneme.

When playing, it is an important national instrument that can be played solo, accompaniment, ensemble and ensemble.

The pipa is a traditional plucked musical instrument in East Asia with a history of more than 2,000 years. The earliest musical instrument known as the "pipa" appeared around the time of the Qin Dynasty in China. The word "pipa" in the word "jue" means "two jades collide and make a pleasant sound", indicating that this is a musical instrument that makes sound by playing the strings.

2. The pan flute is a wind instrument composed of a series of pipes, the pipes are arranged in order from long to short or from short to long, and they are connected side by side, and the bottom of the pipe is blocked with plugs to form an independent blowpipe.

When blowing, the air flow into the tube can produce different tones of high and low. The timbre of the pan flute is pure, soft and delicate, ethereal and elegant. The pan flute is an instrument that can be played both solo and ensemble.

3. Sheng, which originated in China, is an ancient wind instrument of the Han nationality, which is the earliest musical instrument in the world to use free reeds, and has played a positive role in promoting the development of Western musical instruments. The sheng belongs to the category of blown hole reed instruments in the reed instrument family, and is the ancestor of most existing reed instruments in the world. The pronunciation is clear and elegant, the sound quality is soft, the singing is strong, and it has a Chinese folk color.

4. Suona, a double-reed air sound instrument. In the 3rd century AD, suona was introduced from Persia and Arabia. The sound of the suona is majestic, the volume is large, the pipe body is made of mahogany, conical shape, the upper end is equipped with a copper core with a reed whistle, and the lower end is covered with a copper bowl.

In Taiwan, it is called advocacy; In the south, it is one of the "eight sound" musical instruments, in Henan, Shandong is called the trumpet, there are a hundred birds and a phoenix, Henan West 28 plates and other famous repertoire.

5. The Dong flute is a unique blow-and-breath musical instrument of the Dong people. The Kam language is called Jiege and Jigos. It is also known as each flute and grass flute.

It is prevalent in Rongjiang, Congjiang, Liping in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province, Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Dong Autonomous County in Hunan Province and the vast areas adjacent to Guizhou, Guizhou and Hunan provinces.

Folk musical instruments include Xiao, Guzheng, Sheng, Xun, Sanxian, Ruan, Suona, Yungong, Chime, Waist Drum, Flute, Dong Flute, Pai Di, Guqin, Pipa, Bangzi, Muyu, Yangqin, Erhu, Sanhu, Banhu, Xiqin, Matouqin, etc.

The flute is made of bamboo, and the pipe body is equipped with blowing holes, membrane holes, two (or four) air outlets, and six sound holes. The membrane hole is covered with reed membrane or bamboo membrane, and the left end of the blowing hole is blocked with a flute plug and blown horizontally. The sheng is an ancient reed wind instrument in China.

As early as the Yin Dynasty (1401 BC - 1122 BC), there was the name He (i.e., Xiaosheng) in the oracle bone inscriptions.

The pipa is a musical instrument named after the way it is played. "Pipa" and "Pipa" were originally the names of two playing techniques of plucked instruments in ancient times, and during the period from the Qin and Han dynasties to the Tang Dynasty, the word "pipa" became a mixture of various plucked instruments. After the Tang Dynasty, the pipa was used as a special noun for an independent musical instrument to this day.

The names of the words "silk" and "bamboo" were first seen in "Zhou Li Chunguan", which belong to the eight tones, which refers to the category of musical instruments. In the Han Dynasty, there were historical records of silk and bamboo as accompaniment to vocal music, and during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, silk and bamboo were not only used to accompany vocal music, but also often used for solo performance before singing.

The flute is a wind instrument and a wind instrument. It is divided into dong flute and qin flute, both of which are single-piped and vertically blown, and are a very ancient Chinese wind instrument. In ancient times, Xiao was used as a musical instrument for the edge of the court Yale.

According to the number of "sound holes", it is divided into two categories: six-hole flute and eight-hole flute. The difference between flute and flute is that the flute is blown horizontally and has a membrane hole, while the flute is blown vertically and does not have a membrane hole, but it has a rear sound hole. The sound of the flute is soft and elegant, and it is often used for solo playing, piano and flute ensemble, Jiangnan silk and bamboo and other instrumental ensembles, Zhejiang Yue Opera and other local opera accompaniment, which is deeply loved by the Chinese and widely popular.

The horse-head fiddle is a two-stringed stringed instrument with a trapezoidal body and a handle carved into the shape of a horse's head, which is a favorite instrument of the Mongolian people.

The horse-head fiddle is a Mongolian folk stringed instrument. In Mongolian, it is called "Chaoer".

The body is wooden, about one meter long, with two strings, the resonance box is trapezoidal, the sound is round, the low rotation is high, and the volume is weak.

Legend has it that a shepherd made a two-stringed piano in memory of the pony by taking its leg bones as pillars, skulls as tubes, and tail hairs as bowstrings, and carved a horse's head in the shape of a pony on the top of the handle, hence the name.

Qin, zheng, flute, flute, erhu, pipa, silk bamboo, suona, drums, etc. National musical instruments are divided into wind instruments, plucked instruments, percussion instruments, and stringed instruments.

1. Wind instruments: wooden leaves, pieces of paper, sheng (Han nationality), reed sheng (Miao Yao Dong nationality), Qosuo (Hani nationality), Bau (Hani nationality), whistle (Oroqen nationality), gourd silk.

2. Plucked musical instruments: metal mouth strings (Miao, Kirgiz), bamboo mouth strings (Yi nationality), music bow (Gaoshan nationality).

3. Percussion instruments: Bangzi (Han nationality), pestle (Gaoshan nationality), Ding Dong (Li nationality), pear blossom piece (Han nationality), Lakang (Dai nationality), chime (Han nationality), wooden drum (Wa nationality).

4. Stringed instruments: music saw (Russian), string string (Tibetan), erhu (Han nationality), Gaohu (Han nationality).

Characteristics: The composition of the local style characteristics of instrumental works, from the technical aspect, it involves the entire basic means of expression (pitch relationship of the tune, key, tonality, rhythm, beat, speed, pitch, dynamics, timbre, performance, texture, etc.) and the overall means of expression, which are the indispensable basic elements of the style characteristics of the instrumental works. According to the characteristics of the performance of traditional folk instrumental music in China, generally speaking, the important components of local styles are performance skills, melodic techniques used in traditional folk music, and orchestra combinations.

Chinese folk musical instruments are divided into: plucked music, plucked music, wind music, and percussion music. 1. Plucked music:

Guqin, Guse, Zheng, Gonghou, Ruan (high Ruan, Xiao Ruan, Zhong Ruan, Da Ruan, Bass Ruan), Yueqin, Pipa, Liuqin, Sanxian, Qinqin, etc. 2. Plucked music: Jinghu, Gaohu, Banhu, Erhu (Nanhu), Zhonghu, Dahu, Gehu, Falling Hu, Piano, Erxian, Big Tube, Sihu, Coconut Hu, etc.

3. Wind music: pan flute, sheng or zhu, xun, flute, flute, flute, bangdi, suona, pipe, bao, gourd, etc. 4. Percussion:

Chimes or special bells, chimes or special chimes, drums (small hall drums, flat drums, large drums, cylinder drums, war drums, row drums, plate drums, etc.), reeds, dulcimer, cymbals, gongs, wooden fish, sand, bangzi, boards, bells, etc.

Extended information: The musical instrument academic community usually regards many vocal instruments in non-** fields, such as the golden drumming in ancient wars, the beating of ritual instruments in religious prayer and chanting, the ceremonial signals in weddings and funerals, and the signaling instruments solicited by traders, etc., are also regarded as musical instruments. The main products of the musical instrument production industry are basically the musical instruments involved in the world, that is, the instruments that can be recreated artistically, and a small number of horse bells, camel bells, oil brands and car and ship horns are also produced.

The production of musical instruments is different from the production of general industrial products. It not only requires the product to have a reasonable and beautiful appearance, but also must have good acoustic quality, including timbre, ** and the specified pitch height. Therefore, the choice of materials is very strict.

National musical instruments include: fishing drums, zheng, pipa, xiqin, suona, bangdi, erhu, wooden fish, copper drums, music pestles, etc.

Chinese folk musical instruments include: guqin, guzheng, erhu, dizi, yueqin, pipa, sanxian, gusheng, xiao, pan flute, chime, xun, suona, drum, silk bamboo, etc. Guqin, also known as "seven-stringed qin", originally only had five notes, namely:

Palace, Shang, horn, sign, feather, respectively symbolize the five attributes of gold, wood, water, fire and earth, and later King Wen was imprisoned in the Jinli, missing his son Bo Yi Kao, adding a string; When King Wu fell, a martial string was added, and the lyre was born.

Introduction to Guzheng. Guzheng, also known as Han Zheng, Qin Zheng, Yao Zheng, Luan Zheng, is a Zheng instrument in the traditional musical instruments of the Han nationality in China, which belongs to plucked musical instruments. It is one of the unique and important national musical instruments in China.

The guzheng structure is composed of a panel, strings, a front mountain, a string nail, a tuning box, a foot, a back mountain, a side plate, a sound outlet, a bottom plate, and a string hole.

Introduction to Erhu. Erhu began in the Tang Dynasty and is called "Xiqin", which has a history of more than 1,000 years. It is a traditional Chinese stringed instrument.

Erhu, also known as "Nanhu" and "Huzi", is one of the main bowed string instruments (rubbing string instruments) in the family of Chinese musical instruments.

Introduction to the flute. The flute is the oldest Han musical instrument discovered so far, and it is also the most representative and national wind instrument among the Han musical instruments. One of the commonly used horizontal blowing woodwind instruments in Chinese tradition, the Chinese bamboo flute, is generally divided into the southern qu flute, the northern bang flute and the alto flute in between.

1.Wind instruments: The pronunciation of Chinese wind instruments is mostly made of bamboo or wood.

It is mainly used to stimulate the air column, diaphragm or reed to vibrate the sound. The sound is loud and colorful. 2.

Plucked musical instruments: Plucked musical instruments in China are divided into two types: horizontal and vertical. Horizontal, such as:

zheng, guqin, dulcimer and dulciller, etc.; Vertical, such as: pipa, ruan, yueqin, sanxian, liuqin, dongbula and zha munie, etc. 3. Percussion instruments:

There are many varieties of Chinese national percussion instruments, rich in skills, and distinctive national style. 4.Stringed instruments:

Stringed instruments mainly refer to huqin instruments. Most of the stringed instruments are two-stringed, and a few use four-stringed instruments, such as: Sihu, Gehu, Aitek, etc

Extended Background: The Chinese nation is a nation that is good at absorption, and since the Han Dynasty, it has widely absorbed a large number of foreign musical instruments. For example, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (140-87 BC) introduced the horizontal flute (also known as the horizontal flute) when Zhang Qian passed through the Western Regions.

During the reign of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, he introduced the Zhu Gong Hou (once known as Hu Gong Hou; Around 350 A.D., in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, from Xinjiang, Gansu introduced the "Quxiang Pipa", and the Ming Dynasty introduced the dulcimer and suona. These foreign musical instruments, through continuous improvement, have gradually become important members of the Chinese national musical instrument family. In the history of the development of Chinese musical instruments, it is worth noting that the emergence of stringed instruments was much later than percussion, wind and stringed instruments.

According to the literature, it was only in the Tang Dynasty that the "rolling zheng" and "xiqin" rolled with bamboo pieces appeared. In the Song Dynasty, the Jiqin was played with a horsetail bow, and the name "Huqin" appeared. On the basis of the Xi Qin and Huqin, it has developed into various types of stringed instruments.

Chinese folk musical instruments are generally popular in the pre-Qin period: according to the unearthed cultural relics and documents, the musical instruments of the pre-Qin period have been drums, moles, moles, drums, ying, tian, county drums, bells, yong, nan, cymbals, chimes, reeds, weaving, bells, pottery bells, ya, zhu, yi, and, luan, reed, whistle (pottery, bone, etc.), xun, 籥, 龢鼇, yan, xiao, pipe, chi, sheng, qin, se, zhu and so on. Qin and Han dynasties to the Wei and Jin dynasties:

The main musical instruments that appeared at that time were zheng, pipa (there were two different forms of Qin Hanzi and Ruan Xian), flute, fang xiang, and gong hou se (i.e., lying on the gong hou). Zheng, pipa, and flute are all accompaniment instruments for the Song of Harmony. Wind instruments such as the flute, horn, middle song, long song, and flute are also used.

Due to the interaction with the culture of the Western Regions, the main musical instruments introduced are the vertical gonghou, the Persian pipa (i.e., the quxiang pipa), and the long pipe. Sui and Tang dynasties: percussion instruments include more than 30 kinds of cymbals, clappers, knots, cane drums, waist drums, feather bao drums, drums, drums, There are more than 20 kinds of stringed instruments, such as the one-stringed qin, the three-stringed piano, the luqin, the zither, the wind head gonghou, the five-string pipa, and the xiqin; There are more than 20 kinds of wind instruments, such as the flute, the prosthetic flute, the forked hand flute, the taiping pipe, and the peach skin long pipe.

An important change in musical instruments during this period was the emergence of stringed instruments such as the zither and the xiqin, which opened up a new field of musical instrument performance. In the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, there are more than 50 kinds of records such as Huqin, Da Ruan, Wuxian Ruan, Yueqin, Huluqin, Bohai Qin, Erxian, Danbula, Violin, Harzak, Yangqin, etc.