The analysis of several figures of speech that are easy to mix, what is a figure of speech?

1. Contrast

It is a method of comparing two things or two aspects of the same thing side by side.

Function: It can make the language colorful, and the nature and characteristics of things are more distinct and prominent.

2. Duality. A pair of phrases or sentences with the same or similar structure and an equal number of words are symmetrically arranged to express relative or similar meanings.

Function: It is neat and symmetrical, with a strong sense of rhythm, highly generalized, and beautiful.

3. Parables. It is a rhetorical method of using a concrete, superficial, and familiar thing or situation to illustrate another abstract, esoteric, and unfamiliar thing or situation. There are three forms of metaphor, metaphor, and metaphor.

Fourth, borrowing. does not directly name the person or thing to be said, but borrows a name that is closely related to the person or thing instead, such as replacing the whole with a part; Replace abstraction with concrete; substitution of features for ontology; Use proper names instead of generic names, etc.

Function: It can be associative, the image is prominent, vivid, concrete, and makes the characteristics more distinct.

5. Repetition. A way to make the same word or sentence appear again and again, depending on the need for expression. Repetition can be continuous or spaced.

Function: Highlight thoughts, emphasize feelings, and sometimes strengthen the sense of rhythm.

It is divided into the following ten categories:1. Metaphor: metaphor, irony and borrowing.

2. Quasi-exaggeration: analogy, imitation (imitation), manifestation and exaggeration.

3. Comparison class: contrast (contrast), duality, ranking and layering.

Fourth, embedding: repeated, overlapping, intricate and inlay.

Fifth, the beads: palindrome and top truth.

6. Straight talk: aphorisms, questions, exclamations and exhortations.

7. Songs: puns, tactfulness, avoidance, bending, suppression, rhetoric and jumping.

8. Citations: quotations, dictionaries, imitations, omissions, condensations and Tibetan words.

9. Adaptation class: linkage, transfer, name, sequence change and inversion.

10. Other categories: word analysis, flying white (non-other), transfer to ** products), downgrade, color change and conversion.

The broad categories of rhetorical devices include:

Rhetorical figurative, white drawing, analogy (also known as analogy, divided into anthropomorphism, simulacrum), avoidance, transformation, layering, liner (lining), foil (backing, foiling), inverted, inverted, overlapping, overlapping words, top true (also known as thimble, bead), contrast, duality (battle, team battle, row couple), renovation, repeat, rhetorical question.

Irony, imitation, imitation, flying white, sub-inheritance (and mention, co-narrative, co-saying); Overlapping intricacy, compound partiality, sharing, co-speaking, calling, intertextual, intertextual, conversion, loop, palindrome, degrading, borrowing, questioning, ambiguity, arrangement, linkage, facsimile, list, conjunction, exaggeration, warning, manifestation, puns, tautology, overlapping, referencing, allusion.

Quotation, transfer, truth, homonym, after break, symbolism, mosaic, word analysis, euphemism, euphemism, synaesthesia (transference, transference), jumping, transliteration. There are 63 types in total.

The figure of speech is the figure of speech.

Copy. The rhetorical hand bai method is a collection of expression methods used in various articles or application essays to improve the expression effect.

Including metaphor, white drawing, analogy (also known as analogy, divided into anthropomorphism, simulacrum), foil (backing, foiling), overlapping words, top truth (also known as thimble, beads), contrast, duality (battle, team battle, row couple), rhetorical question, rhetorical language, etc.

Rhetorical devices are ways to improve the expression of language by modifying and adjusting sentences, and using specific forms of expression.

Specific rhetorical devices:

1. Ranking. Arrange three or more sentences that are similar in structure and length, consistent in tone, related in meaning, or the same.

Function: Strengthen the tone and atmosphere of the language, strengthen the rhythm of the article, better organize, and be more conducive to expressing strong feelings (expression effect). Enhance the tone of speech, highlight a certain feature of something, and express a certain emotion of the author.

2. Duality. A pair of phrases or sentences with an equal number of words, the same or basically the same structure, and symmetrical meanings, expressing two opposite or similar meanings.

Function: neat and symmetrical, strong sense of rhythm, highly generalized, easy to remember, and aesthetic.

3. Rhetorical question. It is also known as questioning, cross-examination, and cross-examination. Use the question form to express the definite meaning, use the positive form rhetorical question to express the negative, use the negative form to express the affirmation, only ask but not answer, and the answer is implicit in the rhetorical question.

Function: Strengthen the tone, make people think deeply, stimulate the reader's feelings, deepen the reader's impression, and enhance the momentum and persuasiveness of the text.

Some special methods of embellishment and depiction used by figures of speech in order to enhance the expressive effect of speech. It is also known as lexical form and rhetorical style. Chinese rhetorical writings often list a variety of figures of speech; The names of figures of speech are the same as the real or the same as the real and the same; How figures of speech divide into broad categories is more divided.

The figures of speech and their classifications listed in Chen Wangdao's "Rhetorical Fa Fan" are more representative, and most of the treatises on general rhetoric have added or subtracted variations on this basis. "Rhetoric Fafan" lists 38 types, that is, the case of words in materials (Category A): metaphor, borrowing, contrasting, facsimile, pun, quotation, imitation, conjunction, and transfer, a total of 9 types; Artistic conception of the case (Category B):

There are 10 kinds of analogy, irony, manifestation, appeal, extravagance, reversal, euphemism, embellishment, questioning, and exclamation; Words on the form of words (category C): analysis, Tibetan words, flying white, mosaic, overlapping, condensation, elision, warning, twisting, transfer, palindrome, a total of 11 kinds; Lexical cases on chapters and sentences (type D): repetition, duality, arrangement, layering, intricacy, top truth, inversion, jumping, a total of 8 types.

Each figure of speech has its own characteristics, but there are similarities between figures of speech, and there are interactions between figures of speech. For example, exaggeration (extravagance) can also be expressed by metaphor, substitution, or analogy. Figures of speech are rhetorical devices that are common in all languages, but figures of speech in different languages have different national characteristics.

The characteristics of Chinese figures of speech are closely related to the language and writing of the Han people. Figures of speech such as duality, palindrome, top truth, overlapping, and word analysis can illustrate this point. Because the Chinese word monosyllabic and two-syllable accounts for the vast majority, and Chinese is a tonal language, it is convenient to form a figure of speech such as duality; Since word order is an important grammatical device in Chinese, it is convenient to form figures of speech such as palindrome and top truth. Because Chinese words have a relatively well-developed overlapping form, they can be used to form a compound figure of speech; Due to the characteristics of Chinese characters, they can be used to form a figure of speech for analyzing or splitting characters.

Closely related to Chinese characters is not limited to the above figures of speech; Some figures of speech are also related to national culture and social customs, but the relationship with the Han language is particularly obvious. The national characteristics of Chinese figures of speech are precisely the more concentrated, more prominent, and more colorful expression of the characteristics of the Han language.

Figures of speech are speech patterns with specific structures, specific methods, and specific functions, recognized by society, and in the process of organizing, adjusting, and modifying language to improve the effect of language expression, also known as cases, cases, and forms of speech. [

1.The conjunctive use of the case.

The conjunctional use of a case refers to the successive use of a similar or a different case in a piece of text.

For example, the sun is not yet able to come out of the clouds, and the air is tired.

Silent. The cell suddenly seemed to sink into bottomless darkness, and even a needle could be heard.

Example: The conjunctions of two figurative cases; Example is a combination of a figurative case and an exaggerated case.

2.Paraphrasing of words.

The application of the case means that one type of case contains other cases, forming a large set of small inclusive relationships.

For example, there are also one or two street lights leaking in the cracks of the trees, and the listless ones are the eyes of the thirsty and sleepy people in the spring.

This kind of feeling is like a red pine, deep-rooted, the wind does not blow, the torrential rain is undefeated, and the nuclear withering will never be determined for thousands of years.

The general example is a metaphor. There are two analogies in the middle (these two analogies are used together).

Example First, the whole sentence is a metaphor; The metaphorical (similarity) part of the "tempest...... of the parablewithering" is another exaggeration, in which the "wind...... is the wind"Undefeated" is duality again, so exaggeration and duality are used in the metaphor of the whole sentence.

3.The combination of words.

The combination of cases refers to the fact that one form of language expression has more than one form of speech.

For example, diligence is the spark that ignites wisdom, and laziness is the grave that buries genius.

Parades with red lights flowed into the streets like a river.

Looking forward to, looking forward to, the east wind is coming, and the footsteps of spring are approaching.

Reason goes all over the world, and it is difficult to move an inch without reason.

Example: Duality and contrast;

For example, it is a combination of metaphor and exaggeration;

For example, there are three types of words in order: repetition, personification, and personification, and they do not overlap in distribution.

Example: From one point of view, it is contrast, and from another point of view, it is dual.

4.All three of the above situations occur at the same time.

For example, although the team was out of the net, Han Ying unfortunately entered the iron bars.

In this case, contrast and duality are generally used, which are two types of words. "Net" and "iron window" are borrowed and borrowed respectively, and the distribution of these two cases is used together. These two conjunctive cases are contrasted and dualized, which is again applied.

Common rhetorical methods include metaphor, exaggeration, comparison, personification, duality, questioning, rhetorical questioning, borrowing, rhetorical questioning, association, synaesthesia, pun, top truth, intertextuality, looping, empathy, conjunction, analogy, juxtaposition, intricacies, etc.

1. Rhetorical question.

A rhetorical question is a rhetorical method that uses interrogative sentences to convey a certain message to reinforce the affirmative or negative tone. In other words, it is expressed in the form of an affirmative or negative interrogative sentence to express the meaning of a negative or affirmative. A rhetorical question is a question that contains the definite meaning to be expressed in the question, so the rhetorical question is different from the general question.

The tone of rhetorical questions is stronger and more powerful than that of straightforward sentences, which is conducive to expressing a clear attitude of love and hatred, and is a commonly used style of speech in political discourse. When using it - it must be relevant to the situation, distinguish between the occasion and the object.

2. Exaggeration. Exaggeration is a rhetorical method that deliberately exaggerates or shrinks the image, characteristics, role, and degree of things in order to achieve a certain expressive effect. Exaggeration can be divided into:"Ordinary"class and"Ahead of the curve"Kind.

Exaggeration is a rhetorical technique that uses rich imagination to tease and purposefully enlarge or shrink the image characteristics of things on the basis of objective reality to enhance the effect of expression, also known as exaggeration or extravagance. Refers to the use of exaggerated words to describe things in order to enlighten the imagination of the reader or listener and to enhance the power of the words spoken.

3. The anthropomorphic rhetorical method is to personify things, and turn things that do not have the actions and feelings of people into the same actions and feelings as people. Give things the characteristics of human behavior, vividly express the author's emotions, make the reader feel that the objects described appear more lively and close, and make the article more vivid and vivid.

4. Loop, refers to the cycle of reciprocation; Surround. Grammatically, it refers to the organization of sentences before and after into a circular form like shuttle, in order to express the organic connection between different things. The loop can make the sentence neat and even, reveal the dialectical relationship of things, and make the semantics incisive and alert.

5. Analogy is to describe and illustrate one thing as another thing. The case of analogy is to compare people to crops, things to people, or to turn a thing into a thing. The use of this case can obtain a unique rhetorical effect:

or add a unique flavor, or write things in a godlike and lifelike way, expressing the feelings of love and hate.