Essay evaluation character Feng Youlan 1000 words

You can start with Li Qingzhao, use her words to introduce the topic, and then start from Su Shi's "Ten Years of Life and Death", you can write about the life of an ancient woman, among which Tang Wan's "hairpin head phoenix" can also be used as an argument.

If the landlord thinks that this side is more difficult, he can consider that there is no way to serve the country, among which Lian Po, Xin Qiji, Yue Fei, etc. can be used as objects.

Since I prefer Xin Qiji, I'll end with his poem.

confirmed the king's affairs in the world, won the name before and after his death, and the pity happened in vain. "If it helps you, I hope you can give me my opinion, the above pure hand, thank you.

To answer this question, we must first understand what accomplishment is. Achievements are not only merit and achievements, but more importantly, the so-called 'achievements' need to be participated and recognized by outsiders, witnesses and beneficiaries, and social value. Spiritual attainments, if they are merely personal and private, can be called realms, but they cannot be expressed in terms of attainments.

Mr. Feng Youlan advocates 'inner sage and outer king', that is to say, an excellent philosopher must not only have good personal cultivation, but also be able to participate in social practice and have social functions. If a person's inner cultivation cannot radiate outward, or if he is unwilling to produce value in society, then this personal state cannot be regarded as a spiritual achievement. For example, the 'Buddhas of Buddhism and the sages of Western religions' mentioned in your question, their thoughts and visions are not limited to themselves, but also actively participate in social activities and achieve merit and achievement, and this combination of personal cultivation and social function is 'spiritual achievement'

In short, it's just a difference between useful and useless.

The first is the purely intellectual aspect

Feng Youlan's work sorts out the essence of Chinese philosophical thought from the beginning of the Zixue era to the end of the Jingxue era (Kang Youwei). Although the time span is large, it is still mainly concentrated in the six schools of Confucianism, Mo, Yin and Yang, Ming, Taoism and Law. If you think of it as an encyclopedia of philosophical knowledge from the point of view of pure knowledge, then this book is well worth reading.

At the very least, you can read through this book to understand the ancient Chinese thought that we are familiar with, but not very well understood. After reading this book, you will know that the sentence that ancient Chinese culture is Confucian culture is actually very superficial; You will also know what influence Buddhism has had on ancient Chinese philosophy; You will better understand what Zhu Xi is often said in various TV series, that is, Cheng Zhu Lixue and Lu Wang Xinxue; You will be even more surprised, it turns out that Zhou Dunyi is so powerful, he is a pioneer of science. All in all, if you don't have a basic foundation in philosophy, reading this book is a great way to expand your knowledge of the history of philosophy.

The second level is a little deeper, which is that if you want to improve your critical thinking skills through this book, or even draw inferences, it will be very difficult. First of all, you must have a deep knowledge of ancient literature. I admit that my knowledge of ancient Chinese is very poor, so I often don't know what he is talking about when I read this book, and I have to look up the meaning of certain ancient words.

For example, as soon as the sentence "Tao is Tao, very Tao, name is famous, and is not famous", Master Feng directly began to explain, and if you don't understand this sentence, the following explanation is completely incomprehensible. Second, you have to be patient, because philosophical writings are mostly tiring and boring to read. Finally, if you really want to read it thoroughly, you also need to understand the history of Seiyu Shirokata philosophy.

There are also many references to Mencius's thought compared to Plato's. So, if you compare the East and the West, you will find that there are actually a lot of similarities.

To sum up, if you are an ordinary person, it is recommended to read it as a book of knowledge, and don't think too much about the internal logic; If you have a high pursuit, then you must pass the ancient literature level, and you must have a certain foundation, so that this book can give full play to its maximum value.

Philosophical keys or brief history of the wheel of the year sentence to read.

Mr. Feng Youlan divides his life into:

1.The natural realm

2.Utilitarian realm, 3Moral realm, 4Heaven and earth realm.

The four realms, the highest of which are: Heaven and Earth Realm.

One may learn that there is a larger whole beyond the whole of society, the universe. He is not only a member of society, but also a member of the universe. He was a citizen of the social organization, and at the same time what Mencius called a "heavenly citizen."

With this understanding, he does all sorts of things for the good of the universe. He understands the meaning of what he does and consciously does what he does. This realization constituted the highest state of life for him.

Mr. Feng Youlan believes that the meaning of human beings is objective, with utilitarian significance, moral significance, and heaven and earth significance. But the degree of enlightenment of people is different, and when they are enlightened, they are in a state of enlightenment. If you don't understand it, you're in a state of "ignorance." The meaning of life is different, and the realm of life is also different, from low to high, it can be divided into four levels:

The realm of nature, the realm of utilitarianism, the realm of morality, and the realm of heaven and earth.

The lowest is the natural realm. Such a person has no understanding, or no understanding, and what he does has no meaning or very little meaning to him.

Upward is the utilitarian realm. This kind of person understands the meaning of utilitarianism, that is, the meaning of self-interest. This kind of person has only himself in mind, and he does things out of self-interested motives.

Further up is the moral realm. This kind of person has the whole society in mind, understands the meaning of morality, and consciously does things for the interests of society, and is a truly moral person and a virtuous person.

The highest is the realm of heaven and earth, also known as the realm of philosophy. This kind of person has the universe as a larger whole in mind, is aware of the interests of the universe, and consciously does things for the interests of the universe, so that he is one with the universe, has supermoral values, is called a saint, and has attained the highest achievement of man as a human being.

The first two realms are the products of nature, and the last two realms are the creations of the spirit. The task of philosophy is to make people enlightened, improve their spiritual realm, and help them reach the moral realm, the realm of heaven and earth, and become sages and saints.

Mr. Feng Youlan believes that Chinese philosophy is both entering and being born into the WTO, and that the future philosophy of the world should satisfy mankind's desire to transcend the human world, and Chinese philosophy may make a contribution. Answer supplement When I read Feng Youlan's "The State of Life", I knew that a person does all kinds of things, has various meanings, and all kinds of meanings are combined into a whole, that is, they constitute his life state. "Enlightenment" is the meaning of knowing (understanding) and self-consciousness (enlightenment), which can be specifically understood as a person's awareness and understanding of the relationship between himself and society, the universe, and the meaning of what he does.

Different people may do the same thing, but each person has a different level of awareness, and what they do means different things to them. Everyone has their own state of life, and it is not exactly the same as any other individual. "I think it's like Darwin, when he was a child, he looked at insects and did things according to instinct, and he didn't understand what he was doing, which belonged to the natural realm; Later, after he became a biologist, he was observing and researching for the benefit of society, which belonged to the moral realm.

I also thought of the composition material: when three plasterers were asked what they were doing, one replied "laying bricks", the second "making money", and the third "building a beautiful building". Later, the third plasterer became a well-known construction expert.

The first plasterer belongs to the natural realm, the second plasterer belongs to the typical utilitarian realm, and the third plasterer also belongs to the utilitarian realm, but his utilitarianism goes beyond ordinary material desires. It is in response to the saying that "attitude determines height".