Why scientists are interested in learning more about the inner planets

Kepler. Johannes Kepler, German astronomer, mathematician and astrologer, was born on 6 January 1572 in Württemberg (now Germany) in the town of Württemberg (now part of Germany) in Württemberg (now Germany) and died on 15 November 1630 in Regensburg, Duchy of Bavaria, at the age of 58.

Good feast. <> Kepler studied at the University of Tübingen, where he received a bachelor's degree in 1588 and a master's degree three years later. Most scientists at the time rejected Copernicus' heliocentric theory. While studying at the University of Tübingen, he heard a logical exposition of the Copernican heliocentric theory and quickly became convinced of it.

Kepler discovered the three laws of planetary motion, namely the law of orbit, the law of area, and the law of periodicity.

These three laws can be described as follows: all the planets orbit in elliptical orbits of different sizes; In the same time, the area swept by the planetary radius in the orbital plane is equal; The square of the planet's orbital period is proportional to the cube of its distance from the Sun. These three laws eventually earned him the nickname "Legislator of the Sky".

At the same time, he also made important contributions to optics and mathematics, and he is the founder of modern experimental optics.

Planetary science, or, less commonly, planetology, is the scientific study of planets (including Earth), satellites, and planetary systems (especially those of the solar system) and the processes by which they were formed. It studies objects of various sizes, from micrometeoroids to gas giants, with the aim of determining their composition, dynamics, formation, interrelationships, and history. It is a strongly interdisciplinary field that originally developed from astronomy and earth sciences, but now incorporates many disciplines, including planetary geology (along with geochemistry and geophysics), cosmochemistry, atmospheric science, oceanography, hydrology, theoretical planetary science, glaciology, and exoplanetology.

Related disciplines include space physics (which deals with the influence of the sun on the celestial bodies of the solar system) and astrobiology.

Planetary science has interrelated branches of observation and theory. Observational research can be combined with space exploration, mainly robotic spacecraft missions using remote sensing, and comparative experimental work in Earth laboratories. The theoretical part involves a great deal of computer simulation and mathematical modeling.

Planetary scientists are usually located in the departments of astronomy and physics or earth sciences at universities or research centers, although there are several purely planetary science institutes worldwide. There are several major conferences each year, as well as a wide range of peer-reviewed journals. Some planetary scientists work in private research centers and often initiate collaborative research missions.

In more recent times, planetary science began with astronomy, beginning with the study of unsolved planets. In this sense, the first planetary astronomer would have been Galileo, who discovered Jupiter's four largest moons, the mountains on the moon and first observed Saturn's rings, which were the objects of later in-depth study. Galileo's study of the lunar mountains in 1609 also began the study of extraterrestrial landscapes:

His observation that "the Moon certainly does not have a smooth and polished surface" suggests that it and the rest of the world may look "like the surface of the Earth itself."

Advances in telescope construction and instrument resolution have gradually made it possible to identify more of the planet's atmosphere and surface details. The Moon was initially the most deeply studied because of its proximity to the Earth, it always showed details on its surface, and technological advances gradually produced more detailed knowledge of the geology of the Moon. In this scientific process, the main instruments were astronomical-optical telescopes (and later radio telescopes) and, finally, robotic exploration spacecraft.

The solar system has now been studied in relative depth and has a good overall understanding of the formation and evolution of this planetary system. However, there are still a large number of unanswered questions, and the rate of new discoveries is very high, in part because of the large number of interplanetary spacecraft currently exploring the solar system.

Zheng Yongchun is an associate researcher at the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, a planetary scientist, and a popular science writer.

Galileo Galilei , William Herschel , Tycho Brahe , Zheng Yongchun and Kepler are all very famous scientists who have made outstanding contributions to this field.

There are many, such as Copernicus, Brahe, Galileo, Kepler, Newton, Halley, Aristacas, Zu Chongzhi, Liu Hong and so on. These are very famous scientists, and they are all very knowledgeable in astronomy.

Galileo, Kepler, Rutherford, Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel. They are all very famous scientists and have made the greatest contribution to the study of planets.

For example, there is Zhang Heng, who has researched the geokinetic instrument; And then also Hawking, James WHead, Einstein, Newton, Hawking, Pasteur, etc., they are all very powerful, and they have all made very outstanding contributions to planetary science, and they are all influential.

Use the "Doppler effect" (the increase or decrease in wavelength due to motion) to find out if other planets are revolving around other planets. Have you ever noticed that the tone of a police car or ambulance changes when it rings past you? The pitch becomes higher when approaching and lower when you leave.

Before the police car passes by, the sound wave of the bell is compressed, and the wavelength (the length between the crests of the waves) becomes shorter. When the police car passes by, the sound waves diffuse, and the wavelength becomes longer.