What is the difference between dialectical logic and ordinary logic?

Conceptually, ordinary logic (formal logic.

The concept is an abstract and static concept, and the connotation and extension of the concept are unchanging, while the concept of dialectical logic is a concrete, changing concept, the connotation and extension are constantly changing, and the concept itself can reveal the contradictions of things. That is, the concept of dialectical logic reveals the essence of things better. From the point of view of judgment, the judgment of ordinary logic is only yes and no, and there is no judgment of yes and no, while the judgment of dialectical logic can be both yes and no, which is equivalent to a contradiction in general, but it is different from a contradiction.

From the perspective of laws, ordinary logic mainly includes the law of identity, the law of contradiction, the law of exclusion, the law of sufficient reason, etc., while dialectical logic is mainly the law of the unity of opposites.

The law of mutual change of quality, the law of negation of negation.

From abstract to concrete thinking law, analytical synthesis method, etc.

It's easy to confuse and have no practical meaning when you say too much.

So in essence: ordinary logic is the simple derivation of cause and effect; Dialectical logic, on the other hand, is a comprehensive, connected (logical), and moving comprehensive deduction of the development of events from the whole of things + environment.

To give a simple example - what do we think of the incident that "Jobs is dead"?

The general logic is very simple, it is "because he has cancer, so he hangs ......."”

And dialectical logic will look at it this way, "Because Jobs can't escape the objective law of 'people must die', and Old Joe's cancer is still an incurable disease at the current medical level, then his death is inevitable." And it will have a certain impact on our whole society......”

That's it, although it may be a little inappropriate, but at least it can help you "understand", abstract your problems (and many problems, are "abstract comprehension", completely memorizing concepts, too metaphysical, and will not help solve practical problems......）

Dialectical logic gives certain preconditions when giving propositions. This is also in line with a principle of dialectics: everything is transferred by conditions, and contradictions are transformed into opposites under certain conditions.

Dialectical logic rejects one-sided propositions that claim to be universally and absolutely valid, divorced from concrete conditions!

Dialectical logic believes that truth is concrete, and only when certain and specific premises, conditions, standards, and references are given, can the government affairs of propositions be judged. Formal logic, on the other hand, does not believe that a criterion is needed, but rather that there is a universal, self-evident, self-evident criterion that naturally exists.

In logic, the four laws of formal logic are used as the criterion for the rationality of thinking.

In physics, for example, attempts to use "ether" as an absolute frame of reference.

In ethics, the "gentleman" is used as the standard for measuring moral character.

In daily life, "common sense" is used as the criterion for the rationality of discourse.

1. Dialectical logic.

Dialectical logic is a doctrine that studies the laws of thinking in the stage of human understanding and rationality, including two types or two stages of contradictory logic and symmetrical logic.

Dialectical logic generalizes, approximates, but is an essential reflection of the external world through abstract forms of concept, judgment, reasoning, etc. (see Dialectics of Thinking Forms). Its basic characteristic is to look at the object as a whole, to examine the object in terms of the movement and change of internal contradictions and the interconnection of its various aspects. This logic is different both from the metaphysical way of thinking that sees objects as static and isolated, and from the traditional logic of knowing objects from a static point of view in a pre-made, definite form of thought (see Formal Logic).

The dialectical logic of science, like the revolutionary change of Marxist philosophy in philosophy, is also a major change in the science of thinking. Its emergence is not only a revolution in the metaphysical way of thinking, but also a breakthrough in the traditional concept of logic. It is distinct from and interrelated with Marxist dialectics, epistemology (see dialectical materialist epistemology), and formal logic, thus constituting its own unique nature and function.

2. Formal logic.

The so-called "formal logic" refers to traditional logic, deductive logic in the narrow sense, and inductive logic in the broad sense. The so-called logic is the law of thinking, logic is the doctrine of the law of thinking, and the law of thinking is the unity of the content of thinking and the "form" of thinking. The logic of "form" is also a doctrine that studies the laws of thinking from the unity of content and "form", so it is by no means a pure "formal" logic.