Explain what is the relationship between specific and non specific immunity?

Innate immunity is the basis for the development of specific immunity, the two are closely combined, can not be separated, from the perspective of ontogeny, when antigenic substances invade the body, the first to play a role is natural immunity, and then produce specific immunity. Therefore, innate immunity is the basis of all immune protection. Innate immunity initiates specific immune responses, innate immunity affects the type of specific immunity, and innate immunity assists specific immune products to exert effects.

1. Specific immunity: Specific immunity is obtained after birth, after the body comes into contact with foreign microorganisms, so it is also called acquired immunity or acquired immunity. For example, artificial vaccinations allow the body to gain the ability to fight infection.

Specific immunity includes cellular immunity and humoral immunity.

2. Non-specific immunity: Non-specific immunity is born in the human body, so it is also called innate immunity or innate immunity, such as inflammatory reaction. Non-specific immunity includes tissue barriers, innate immune cells, innate immune molecules, etc.

Non-specific immunity is innate, innate immunity. Therefore, it is also called natural immunity; Specific immunity is obtained after birth, after the body comes into contact with foreign microorganisms, so it is also called acquired immunity or acquired immunity.

2. Hence the implication, non-specific immunity lacks specificity, that is, it does not target a specific bacteria or virus, and responds in a similar way to any foreign invading microorganisms. In contrast, specific immunity is specific and is produced only against a specific microorganism. For example, specific immunity against hepatitis B virus only clears and neutralizes hepatitis B virus, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes can initiate strong cellular and humoral immune responses (the effectiveness of these two responses determines whether the hepatitis B virus can be completely cleared, more on this later), complete lysis and destruction of infected hepatocytes, or non-cytolytic processes to eliminate virus-infected hepatocytes.

The most critical for complete clearance of the hepatitis B virus is the activation of the specific cellular immune response against the hepatitis B virus.

3. Non-specific immunity is born with limited response methods. Specific immune responses can be "customized" to target the different invading microorganisms, targeting specific microorganisms, so that they have the same rich diversity as the types of microorganisms in the outside world.

4. Specific immunity has memory function, while non-specific immune response does not. As we all know, after a successful hepatitis B vaccine, the body will develop immunity. When the hepatitis B virus is re-exposed, the body's specific immune cells will recall, initiating a specific immune attack on the invading hepatitis B virus, eliminating the virus and preventing the virus from infecting.

This memory function is specific to specific immunity. Non-specific immunity is not specific, and memory function is non-existent.

5. The immune cells involved are different. The cells involved in the non-specific immune response are mainly phagocytic cells, including macrophages and neutrophils in the blood, as well as natural killer cells (also called NK cells). The cells involved in the specific immune response are predominantly lymphocytes, including T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes.

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