Tomato tissue cultivation, tomato cultivation techniques

1.Tomatoes are in the Solanaceae family

Annual or perennial herbaceous plants. The plant is tall. The whole plant is covered with sticky glandular hairs. The stems are semi-erect or semi-vine, lodging, tall or unequal.

2.Fertility cycle

Germination: from sowing to the appearance of the first true leaf (heart breaking). Under normal temperature conditions, this period is 7 9 days; The seedling stage refers to the appearance of the first true leaf to the budding of the first inflorescence.

The suitable daytime temperature is 25 28 and the night temperature is 13 17. At this stage, the ground temperature has a great impact on the growth of seedlings, and the appropriate ground temperature should be kept at 22 23. The first flowering and fruiting period refers to the period from the first inflorescence budding to the fruit.

3.Requirements for environmental conditions

1) Temperature Tomato is a thermophilic vegetable, under normal conditions, the optimal temperature for assimilation is 20 25, and the optimal soil temperature for root growth is 20 22. (2) Light tomato is a light-loving crop, with a light saturation point of 70000lx and a suitable light intensity of 30000 50000lx.

3) Moisture Tomatoes need more water, but they do not need to be irrigated frequently, generally with soil moisture of 60 80% and air humidity of 45 to 50%.

4) Soil and nutrients Tomato does not have strict requirements for soil conditions, but in order to obtain high yields and promote good root development, fertile loam soil with deep soil layer, good drainage and rich in organic matter should be selected. The pH of the soil should be pH6 7, and the soil that is too acidic or too alkaline should be improved.

1.Seed treatmentIf you want to grow delicious tomatoes, you need to pay attention to the treatment of seeds. Generally, we need to select mature and full seeds without wounds for planting, first of all, we need to seal and ferment the selected seeds at room temperature for about 2-4 days, which can improve the germination rate of tomatoes, wash them with water once and soak them in warm water for 3-6 hours, so that the survival rate of tomatoes can be improved.

2.Before planting, you need to mix organic fertilizer with the soil evenly, and sprinkle the soft seeds evenly on the soil, but the note or praise should not be too dense, which is not conducive to the germination of the seeds, and then cover the seeds with fine soil and then you can water, it is recommended to use spray, just keep the soil moist. 3.

Water and fertilizer managementIn the process of tomato growth, it is also necessary to pay attention to top dressing to promote the growth of tomatoes. Top dressing can be carried out in combination with watering. When tomatoes are planted 7-10 days after planting, they need to be topdressed, generally 500 kg of farm fertilizer per mu, which can promote the accelerated growth of tomato seedlings.

It is also necessary to spray the tomatoes with foliar fertilizer in time, when the tomatoes have grown their sixth leaf, they need to be sprayed with foliar fertilizer. In the follow-up maintenance, the tomatoes generally need to be watered every 3-5 days, and the watering only needs to keep the soil moist, too much will lead to the growth of tomatoes.

Seed treatment: Tomato seeds with strong disease resistance are selected, soaked and sterilized. Land selection and ploughing:

Choose a sandy loam soil with a fertile soil layer, turn the ground and apply basal fertilizer. Sowing and planting: The seeds are sown on the soil, and the seedlings grow 3 true leaves and then transplant and plant.

Field management: combined with cultivating weeding and loosening soil, choose nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer fertilization.

1. Treat the seeds

Before planting, select seeds with strong disease resistance and plumpness, soak them in room temperature water for 2 hours, soak them in hot water at 55 degrees for 15 minutes after removing them, break the dormancy period of the seeds, and disinfect them with trisodium phosphate solution after drying them slightly, which can prevent diseases.

2. Select land and plough it

Tomatoes have low requirements for soil and strong adaptability, if you want to improve the yield, you can choose the sandy loam soil with fertile soil, loose and breathable, water and fertilizer retention, remove stones and weeds when turning the ground, and apply the base fertilizer to mix evenly with the soil and expose it to the sun, which has a certain disinfection and sterilization effect.

3. Sowing and planting

The treated tomato seeds are sown by sprinkling, covering 1 cm of dry soil, watering a little, controlling the ambient temperature at 22-28 degrees, waiting for 3-4 days to emerge, and after the seedlings grow 3 true leaves, transplant and plant according to the row spacing of 50x30 cm.

4. Field management

Tomatoes have certain requirements for water and fertilizer during planting and growth, timely watering when the soil is dry, combined with cultivating weeding and loosening soil fertilization, increasing the air permeability of the soil, which is conducive to root growth, and choosing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer when fertilizing to ensure balanced nutrition, which can effectively improve the quality and yield of fruits.

It is better to choose large tomato varieties, such as "big boy", "brandy", etc., which are easy to survive and easy to raise. Multiple varieties can be grown at once. It is recommended to buy seedlings directly for transplanting. If you start planting from seeds, you need to plant them by the window for about a while before transplanting.

The soil should be mixed with sufficient amount of well-fermented basal fertilizer, as tomatoes need sufficient nutrients to grow. Then, bury the seedlings in the soil. Go as deep as you can so that 50 to 75 percent of its height is buried in the soil, even if it has some leaves.

After that, pay special attention to the growth of the roots.

About 10 minutes after planting, you need to water it once. Pay attention to the water temperature, around 27 degrees Celsius is the best. Water every day for the next week to 10 days.

After 10 days, the frequency of watering should be reduced. After two weeks, water two to three times a week. Drip irrigation can be used.

If the weather is dry during this period, you can pour more water as appropriate.

It is best to use fertilizers that promote the growth of fruits and are specifically for vegetables, and do not use fertilizers randomly. The amount should not be too much, otherwise the plant is prone to disease and insects.

If the light is too strong and the temperature is too high, shade should be provided between 11 and 3 p.m.