Help me tell me the status of Peking Opera in our country, the summary of historical development and

Peking Opera is one of the opera genres formed in Beijing, with a history of nearly 200 years.

On the basis of Hui opera and Han opera, it gradually evolved by absorbing the advantages and specialties of some opera genres such as Kunqu opera and Qin dialect.

Hui opera entered Beijing in 1790 A.D. (the 55th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty), and the earliest Hui opera troupe to enter Beijing was the famous "Sanqing Class" in Anhui.

Subsequently, there were "Four Joys", "Hechun" and "Chuntai" classes in Beijing, which were collectively called "Four Great Hui Classes".

The formal formation of Peking Opera was about 20 years after Daoguang (1840), which coincided with the initial possession of various singing layouts of Peking Opera, the linguistic characteristics of Peking Opera had been formed, and new changes had appeared in the role of the profession.

3. Zhang Erkui and Cheng Changgeng are known as the "Three Dingjia" of old students, in addition to Lu Shengkui, an old actor and Peking Opera playwright.

Cheng Changgeng was a representative figure of this period, and he made more efforts than other Peking Opera performers of the same period in integrating Han and Hui tunes and absorbing Kunqu Opera to transform and improve, making great contributions to the formation of Peking Opera performing arts, and playing a great role in the development of Peking Opera in later generations.

Peking Opera ** belongs to the board cavity, and the main singing cavity has two systems, Erhuang and Xipi, so Peking Opera is also called "Pi Huang".

Peking Opera also commonly used singing voices include Nanbangzi, Siping Tune, Gao Bazi and Blowing Tone.

There are more than 1,000 repertoire of Peking Opera, and there are more than 3,000 or 400 of them that are often performed, among which in addition to those from Hui Opera, Han Opera, Kunqu Opera and Qin Dialect, a considerable number of them are written by Peking Opera artists and folk writers one after another.

Peking Opera is good at showing political and military struggles with historical themes, and most of the stories are taken from historical romances and scripts.

There are not only the whole plays, but also a large number of excerpts, in addition to some stage plays.

In the early days, it was divided into seven elements: Sheng, Dan, Jing, Mo, Chou, Wuxing, and Popular (Dragon Set), and later it was classified into four major elements: Sheng, Dan, Jing, and Chou.

The quintessence of the Orient is unrivaled by no one and intangible cultural heritage.

The art of Peking Opera in China has a long history.

The artistic characteristic of Peking Opera is that it is a comprehensive art that is displayed on the stage through the stylized performance of the actors. The actor plays the role in the play, and the actor's singing (gong), recitation (reading, acting), and fighting (including dancing and fighting) means determine the success or failure of the whole play. The emergence of famous actors has promoted the prosperity of opera.

The quality of the actor's singing is very important in Peking Opera. Even more so in the lead role. The actor must have a good voice that is different, and the words must be correct and round when sung; Although there are traditional plate styles such as "Xipi", "flowing water", "Erhuang" and so on, whoever uses it well and softens it well is a master.

This requires the intervention of ** workers who understand music theory to participate in the creation of the choreography. Write a score for the whole orchestra to accompani; Stage workers should arrange lighting and scenery, tables, chairs, draped tents, provide knives and guns, and make and repair large and small props; Preparation and arrangement of backstage clothing, boots and hats; The hard work of the makeup master and the Baotou master is very professional work. It is not an exaggeration to say that Peking Opera is a comprehensive art, it is appropriate.

The stylized performance allows Peking Opera to be inherited. The stylized performance movements, after hundreds of years of refining and running-in, have become a 'simulation' form recognized by the audience. The actor pushes forward with both hands at the entrance of the stage to pull the door bolt, and then virtually pulls the door handle with both hands and pulls it into his arms, and the audience understands that this is an action process of opening the door; When an actor holds an oar in his hand and rocks the boat, the audience understands that this is in the process of sailing.

This kind of stylized movement is one of the common stage performance methods of Peking Opera and other opera groups. The audience acquiesces and approves of these 'virtual' performances, which is stylized performance.

The earliest Peking Opera was a type of Peking Opera that absorbed Han Opera, Hui Opera, Kunqu Opera, Qin Dialect and some folk tunes, gradually integrated, influenced each other, developed and evolved. The prosperity of Peking Opera was made popular when Emperor Qianlong celebrated his 80th birthday in the Qing Dynasty and let the 'Hui Troupe enter Beijing' to perform imperial operas. It has a history of about two hundred years.

Peking Opera is to learn from the strengths of the public, decorate itself, and carry it forward, which is worthy of being called the quintessence of the country.

1. Chinese opera has been inherited for more than 800 years and is an important part of traditional Chinese art. From Jin Yuan miscellaneous dramas to Ming and Qing legends; From the prosperity of Kun (Qu) Yi (Yang cavity) to the four major Hui classes entering Beijing; From the birth of Tanheng Peking Opera to the emergence of the "quintessence of the country" into the first era, the 200-year history of Peking Opera has produced generations of performing arts masters such as Cheng Changgeng, Tan Xinpei, Yang Xiaolou, Mei Lanfang, and Ma Lianliang.

2. Many opera classes represented by Fu Liancheng have cultivated thousands of outstanding actors, supporting the palace of Peking Opera art for nearly a hundred years. The numerous opera theaters provide a prosperous stage for Peking Opera, and the sophisticated and unique instrumental, prop, and costume industries add luster to Peking Opera performances.

3. In the fifty-fifth year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1790), on the eighty birthday of Gaozong (Hongli) of the Qing Dynasty, Hui Ling Gao Langting and other "Sanqing" Hui opera troupes entered Beijing to celebrate their birthdays, and the performance was based in the capital.

4. Since then, many Hui classes have come to Beijing to do it, among which Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai, and Chun are the most prestigious, and they are called "the four major Hui classes". In the long-term practice of Zhishu, it has continuously absorbed nutrients from Qin dialect, Han tune, Kunqu opera, Beijing dialect and other operas, and after decades of evolution, Peking Opera has been formed.