The stories of people who delivered information in ancient times, what are the small stories of peop

King Zhou Youwang Fenghuo Opera Princes.

2,500 years ago, our ancestors began domesticating carrier pigeons. In the war between the Western Xia and the Northern Song Dynasty, the Western Xia army used carrier pigeons for military communication. At the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, carrier pigeons were also used in the army of the general Qu Duan to convey news and gather troops.

In ancient times, carrier pigeons were called "flying slaves". Legend has it that when Liu Bang, the ancestor of the Han Dynasty, was surrounded by Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu, he used carrier pigeons to pass the book and attract reinforcements to escape. Zhang Qian and Ban Chao envoys to the Western Regions also used pigeons to transmit messages to the royal family.

During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the Foshan region of Guangdong Province held a pigeon release meeting every year, and thousands of birds participated every year, and the race distance was about 400 miles. At that time, there were similar pigeon clubs in Shanghai, Beijing and other places. The earliest written record of the use of carrier pigeons to transmit messages abroad is found in 530 B.C., when carrier pigeons were used to transmit the results of the Olympic Games.

Hongyan is the name of the letter, and sometimes the postman. Why is "Hongyan" called a letter and a postman? Tracing back to its origin, during the Han Dynasty, Su Wu sent an envoy to the Xiongnu and was exiled to Beihai to herd sheep.

Ten years later, the Han Dynasty made peace with the Xiongnu, but Shan Yu still did not allow Su Wu to return to Han. Chang Hui, who went to the Xiongnu with Su Wu, told the Han envoy about Su Wu's situation, and designed to let the Han envoy tell Shan Yu: The emperor of the Han Dynasty shot a goose while hunting, and a letter was tied to the goose's feet, describing that Su Wu was shepherding sheep in a certain swamp area.

After hearing this, he had no choice but to let Su Wu return to Han. Later, people used the wild goose as a metaphor for the epistle and the messenger.

Allusion 2Another more well-known and favorite is the folk story: Xue Pinggui of the Tang Dynasty was on an expedition, and Wang Baochuan was unswerving in guarding the cold kiln for more than ten years. One day, Wang Baochuan was picking wild vegetables, and suddenly heard the wild geese in the air calling, so he asked to pass the book on behalf of Yu Ping Guifulang, but it was difficult to find pen and ink for a while, and in a hurry, he tore off Luo's skirt, bit his fingertips, and wrote a letter of blood and tears, pouring out his feelings of loyalty to love and looking forward to the reunion of husband and wife.

The former is loyalty to the country, the latter is loyalty to feelings, the circulation of these two stories, so that "Hong Yan" became the messenger of ancient correspondence, but also made the two stories themselves a good story through the ages.

Before the Han Dynasty, the "double carp" was an ancient envelope.

This envelope is different from the current pocket-shaped envelopes made of paper, and it is made of two fish-shaped wooden boards with letters sandwiched in between.

Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Caves": "Guests come from afar, leaving me a double carp; Hu'er cooks carp, and there is a ruler book. Kneel down to read plain books, what is the book like? The upper word is Sauvignon Blanc, and the next word is a meal. ”

The "double carp" in the poem does not really refer to two carps, but to a woodcarved carp put together with two boards. "Hu'er cooks carp", that is, untie the rope and open the letter, and "there is a ruler plain book" that is, open the letter and see the letter written in plain silk. This carp-shaped envelope has been used for a long time, and there were imitations until the Tang Dynasty.

Guan Yu took 5,000 elites to fight Jingzhou, and there were not many people left at home If the enemy army is coming, he will smoke during the day. Light a fire on the beacon at night, so you know that someone is coming.

[Signal flag].

The use of signal flags on ships has been used for more than 400 years. The advantage of flag communication is that it is very simple, so even though modern communication technology is quite developed today, this simple communication method is still retained and has become an important way of short-range communication. In flag communication, signal flags can be used individually or in combination to represent different meanings.

Usually a single flag is flown to indicate the most urgent, important, or commonly used content. For example, the flag with the letter A is hung, which means"There are divers underneath my boat, please slow down and stay away from my boat"；Hang the O letter flag, indicated"Someone fell overboard"；Hang the W letter flag, indicated"Our ship needs medical assistance"Wait a minute.

Flying pigeons pass the book, and the princes of the beacon fire play.

Origin of the marathon Wang Erxiao.

In ancient China, there were: the princes of the Beacon Fire Opera; Escape (peach) of premature death; All in one go; The flying pigeon biography of the Tang Dynasty;

Ancient Greece has: the origin of the marathon.

In fact, there are many of them included in some big stories, and it is difficult to separate them.

The princes of the beacon fire, the kite passed the book...

Beacon Theater Princes、We are victorious、Letters in bottles, etc.。

The wild goose passed the book, and the flying pigeon passed the book.

The Princes of the Beacon Theatre" In addition, ancient:

China was one of the first countries in the world to establish an organized transmission information system. As early as the Shang Dynasty more than 3,000 years ago, information transmission was recorded.

Passing by horse is called a post pass, which is an early organized form of communication. Located in the square of Jiayuguan railway station, the "post envoy" sculpture, it is taken from the Jiayuguan Wei and Jin mural tombs, the post envoy holds a simple paper, the post horse is four-legged in the air, and the speed is fast. In 1982, the First Congress of the All-China Philatelic Federation was used as a theme pattern for small stamps, which shows that Jiayuguan is one of the birthplaces of China's information culture.

During the Qin and Han dynasties, a complete set of post transmission systems was formed. Especially in the Han Dynasty, the documents transmitted were divided into grades, and the documents of different grades should be transmitted by special personnel and horses in accordance with the prescribed order and time. The sending and receiving of these documents must be registered, and the time should be indicated to clarify the responsibility.

During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the post industry developed unprecedentedly. The official postal transportation line of the Tang Dynasty took the capital Chang'an as the center, radiated to the four directions, and went directly to the border area, with a post station roughly 30 miles. According to the records of the Six Classics of the Tang Dynasty, there were 1,639 post stations in the country at its peak, with more than 20,000 people specializing in post services, including 17,000 post soldiers.

The post post is divided into three types: land post, water post and waterway merger, and each post station is equipped with a post house, equipped with a post horse, a post donkey, a post boat and a post field.

In the Tang Dynasty, there were also clear regulations on the itinerary of the post post, and the land post fast horse walked 6 posts a day, that is, 180 miles, and then 300 miles a day, and the fastest required 500 miles a day; Walkers travel 50 miles a day; When sailing against the current, the river travels 40 miles, the river travels 50 miles, and the other 60 miles; When going down the river, it is always 100 to 150 miles. The poet Cen Shen wrote in the poem "The Judge of the Character on the Way to Longshan at the First Stage" that "one post passes through one post, and the post rides like a stream of stars; Pingming sent Xianyang, curtain and Longshantou". Here he compares the stagecoach to a shooting star.

On November 9, the 14th year of Tianbao, An Lushan rebelled in Fanyang. At that time, Tang Xuanzong was in Huaqing Palace, and the two places were separated by three thousand miles, and Tang Xuanzong knew the news within 6 days, and the transmission speed reached 500 miles per day. It can be seen that the organization and speed of post communication in the Tang Dynasty have reached a very high level.

In the Song Dynasty, all official documents and letters were collectively referred to as "delivery", and "express delivery shops" appeared. There is a copper bell tied to the collar of the post horse of the express delivery, and when galloping on the road, the bell is ringed during the day, and the fire is raised at night, and the person who is killed is not responsible. Shop for horses, number of shops for people, rain or shine, day and night.

In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Yue Fei, the anti-gold general, was forcibly recalled to Lin'an from the front line by Song Gaozong with twelve gold medals.

In addition, there are bells and drums, fireworks, pigeons, flags, wolf smoke and other ways to convey information.