Why are some flowers black?

Black flowers strictly do not exist, there are no naturally formed pure black flowers, only dark purple that is too dark and close to black, such as the black mandala, which is a precious flower, is actually dark purple, and there are also black tulips, black roses, black lilies, black chrysanthemums, black peonies and so on. Nowadays, the production and sale of flower bonsai pay attention to unconventional to attract people's attention, but I believe that black flower bonsai is rarely seen. Black flowers are difficult to form mainly for the following reasons:

1. The reason for the substance contained in the petals themselves.

Because flower color is related to various pigments within the cell, mainly anthocyanins, carotene, and colorless anthocyanins. Colorless anthocyanins are colorless and white in color; Carotene is yellow or orange; Anthocyanins are red, blue, or purple depending on their acidity or alkalinity. Black is the sum of red, yellow, and blue, and it is difficult to solve such a contradiction, so black flowers are rare.

Second, it is easy to be burned by the sun.

Because black cannot reflect light waves, and absorb all light waves, other flowers such as white and yellow can reflect the light waves containing heat in the sun's rays to avoid self-burning, so as to protect themselves and survive.

3. Natural selection.

Because most flowers are insect-borne flowers, they rely on their color and fragrance to attract insects and pollinate. And black is easily ignored by insects, cannot pollinate, and is gradually eliminated by nature.

Black flowers are rare in nature, because black absorbs all the color of light, will burn the petals, so the dark-colored flowers are generally up to deep purple black, and it is known that all black flowers are only black hollyhocks (Malvaceae hollyhocks), which is a zhang red of black flowers. Others are not all black, but there are some, like pansies and the like.

Black flowers are very precious drops.

Black flowers are extremely rare in nature, scientists have counted more than 4,000 kinds of flowers, and found that only 8 kinds are black, so black flowers are often particularly valuable. What is the reason for this? The mystery of this begins with the sun's rays.

Sunlight is composed of 7 colors of light, its wavelength is different, the heat contained is also different, the flower tissue, especially the petals, are generally more delicate and susceptible to high temperatures.

There are many red, orange, and yellow flowers in nature. They can reflect the red, orange and yellow colors that contain more heat in the sun, so as not to cause burns and have a self-protective effect. The black flower can absorb all the light waves, and it heats up quickly in the sun, and the flower tissue is easily damaged.

Therefore, after a long period of natural elimination, there are not many varieties of black flowers left.

The color of the flowers is different mainly because of the different components (pigments) of the compounds contained in the petals, which can be roughly divided into two types, i.e., anthocyanin and carotene. Anthocyanins are extremely unstable, red when acid, blue when alkalin, purple when neutral, and the strength of acidity and alkalinity also directly affects the depth of color. Carotene can make flowers show yellow, orange, red and other colors, and there are many kinds of carotene, there are more than 80 kinds of carotene.

There are many kinds of plants in nature, and the environment in which they live is also different, and it is under the action of two pigments that plants can produce colorful flowers.

Green flowers are relatively rare in nature, because the pigment that forms green is mainly chlorophyll, which is generally found in the stem and leaf tissues of plants, and there are very few petals, but green flowers still exist. For example, hydrangeas, which are mostly spherical white in shape, turn blue-green or pink in later stages. A native Chinese rose with large, green flowers that are a variant of Yueji.

There are also many varieties of non-ornamental plants such as rice, millet and green onions, and the flowers are green.