How does the parasitic plant Cuscuta absorb nutrients from the host?

Cuscuta is a parasitic plant of the family Spiraceae. In the summer, when you walk into the soybean field, you can see that the green bean sprouts are often entwined with golden yellow filaments, which is the famous dodder seed. Once it flooded, soybeans suffered, and were deprived of nutrients by dodder seeds, and were in a moribund situation.

Cuscuta silk is golden, there is no root at the bottom, so it is also called yellow silk vine, rootless vine, is an annual herbaceous vine, in April and May every year, its seeds begin to germinate, from the soil out of a "little white snake" like seedlings. Within two or three weeks after the seedlings are unearthed, they still live an independent life, absorb the nutrients in the endosperm, the seedlings rotate left and right in the soybean field, grow upward, and the upper half is also rolled into a small circle, once it touches the soybean stem, it is firmly entangled, and continues to climb up along the soybean stem, and it is wrapped more and more tightly. There are many parasitic roots growing on the thin stems of dodder seeds, which can reach into the stem and leaf tissues of soybeans and absorb nutrients from soybeans.

Since then, Cuscuta has begun to live a parasitic life without work. Subsequently, the roots die very quickly, and the leaves degenerate, forming small, translucent scales.

The dodder seed spreads quickly, and new thin stems continue to grow on the main stem, and these new thin stems can continue to wrap around the host. As a result, a soybean plant often has a lot of dodder tangled around the thin stems.

Cuscuta seeds bloom in summer and autumn, and the flowers form balls in small clusters. Each fruit contains 1-3 seeds. The fruit is ripe in autumn and the capsule is round.

A single plant can produce 2,000-3,000 seeds. Some of these seeds are scattered on the ground, and some are mixed with the soybean harvest among the beans. Seeds can live in the soil for four or five years.

In April and May of the following year, they sprout from the soil, grow, and look for a host.

There are about 170 species of dodder seeds, some parasitic on soybeans, some on flax, axle grass, alfalfa, cotton, tobacco, potatoes and some weeds of the cruciferous family, but also on grapes and other fruit trees. They have a certain parasitic specificity, and a type of dodder tends to only parasitize on one or a few crops.

The seeds of dodder seeds can be used for medicinal purposes, which have the effects of nourishing the liver and kidneys, fixing sperm and shrinking urine, and brightening the eyes and stopping diarrhea.

菟 (tǜ) silk, also known as rootless grass, is a "parasite" in plants, and its stems have many fine teeth, and once it encounters a soybean plant, the silk tightly entangles it. Those fine teeth absorb nutrients and water from soybeans.

Cuscuta parasitism is generally parasitic on hibiscus, rhododendrons, roses, osmanthus and other dryland plants, but not all of them, as long as the dodder can find a suitable host, will be parasitized, if the dodder is not found in the case of the host, it can also survive for about 1 and a half months.

Cuscuta belongs to the family of spirals, is an annual parasitic herbaceous plant, but lacks the structure of roots and leaves, presents a pale yellow nematomy, it is a physiological parasitic plant, its cells do not have chloroplasts, generally clinging to hibiscus, rhododendron, rose, osmanthus and other dryland plants.

Cuscuta seeds begin to be colorless filaments, attached to the soil particles, if they touch the host, they will wrap around it, and at the same time of contact, they form suction roots, enter the host's internal tissues, and part of the cells differentiate into ducts and sieve tubes, which combine with the host's ducts and sieve tubes to absorb nutrients.

In the early stage of connection with the host, the dodder will die, and then the rhizome will continue to lengthen, become a sucking root again, and continue to spread and expand to the surroundings, and when it matures, the host's body will be covered with dodder seeds, so that the host plant grows poorly, and in serious cases, it will lead to the direct death of the host.

Generally, the dodder seed blooms in September, the seeds mature in October, and will dormant into the winter after the seeds fall into the soil, or wait until February and March of the following year to fall into the soil again, and then continue to germinate, waiting for the opportunity to find a host, if there is no host, it will also survive for about 1 and a half months.

Annual parasitic herb. Basically, any plant near it, it will cling to it and parasitize.

Wild dodder is commonly found in plains, wastelands, graves, ground edges, and plants such as legumes, Asteraceae, succulents, and dipping families. When it encounters a suitable host, it is wound on it, and a suction root is formed at the contact point to extend into the host, and after the suction root enters the host tissue, part of the tissue differentiates into a duct and a sieve tube, which are connected to the host's duct and sieve tube respectively, and absorb nutrients and water from the host. Once the young shoots are entwined on the host plant, the dodder seed is extremely vigorous and vigorous, and likes to parasitize leguminous plants the most.

Cuscuta chinensis (scientific name: Cuscuta chinensis), also known as cuscuta chinensis, is a species of Cuscuta chinensis in the family Cuscutaceae, is a parasitic plant with a special physiological structure, its cells have no chloroplasts, and use the climbing vine-like structure to climb to other plants, and stretch out spikes from the part that touches the host, poke into the host to the phloem, absorb nutrients to survive, and further store starch grains in the tissue.

It is found in China, Iran, Afghanistan, Japan, North Korea, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, and Australia. It grows at an altitude of 200-3000 meters above sea level on the edge of fields, on mountain slopes, roadside shrubs or seaside sand dunes, and is usually parasitic on a variety of plants such as legumes, Asteraceae, and Tribulaceae.

Answer]: FalseCuscuta is parasitic on the stem or leaves of the host plant, and it is tightly transported and leaked when combined with the aboveground part of the plant. Or change: Listed as parasitic on the roots of the host plant, and separated from the host in the aboveground part.

People are most familiar with the dodder du, its whole body gold.

Yellow and filamentous. Zhi said that it is a plant, but it does not have a special green leaf, and it cannot see its roots, saying that it is not a plant, but it will bloom and produce seeds and spread offspring. In spring, the seeds germinate and have roots, mainly relying on the nutrients in the seeds, and there is a small amount of chlorophyll in the stems, which can produce very few nutrients.

But once it finds a host, the roots quickly die, and it lives a fully parasitic life. Cuscuta is the great enemy of crops, the light one is seriously reduced, and the heavy one has no harvest. For this, the peasants called:

Since childhood, he has been like a needle, and when he grows up, he has wrapped himself in the body, sucked the blood of others, and fed his own life." The silk seed has no roots, and it has no mouth, so how does it live? Wonderfully, it has a slender stem, which can reach more than 1 meter in length and has branches.

There are many suckers growing on the stems, and the elephant's mouth sticks directly into the bark of soybeans and other plants, and it has a sucker every 10 centimeters, which can survive alone, so it reproduces and spreads quickly.

Answer]: FalseThe parasitic type of the silk is holoparasitism, and its duct and sieve are connected to the duct and sieve of the host plant respectively. Or change: the parasitic type of mulberry parasitism belongs to hemiparasitism, and its ducts are connected to the ducts of the host plant.

Yes, Cuscuta parasitic plants usually parasitize on other plants such as trees, shrubs, bushes, etc. The seeds of the Cuscuta parasitic plant can grow and reproduce by adsorbing to the surface of other plants after they hit the ground, and then by absorbing nutrients from other plants. Therefore, in nature, dodder parasitic plants can often emit lead on the trunks, branches, leaves and other parts of other plants.