What are the rules and characteristics of Peking Opera Wudan Art urgently needed

Dao Ma is also a branch of Peking Opera, "Chinese Opera Art Lyrics.

The dictionary explains: "A young and middle-aged woman who probably plays the role of a sou chief martial artist. Martial arts.

It's not as martial and intense, you don't need to fight, it's more important than singing and dancing, such as Liang Hongyu in "Zhan Jinshan", Mu Guiying in "Mu Kezhai", etc. (Medium.)

Dictionary of Chinese Opera, p. 78, Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, 1981.

1st Edition) This explanation is generally correct, but it is also inaccurate.

The place, that is, "no need to fight", refers to the general situation, so the front.

The words "in general" should be added. Because there are special circumstances. Individual knives.

Ma and actors also made a move, such as Guan Subox, the founder of the Guan School, in the Peking Opera "Iron."

In "Bow Edge", although it is a knife and a horse, it is also the first to "shoot by flag".

Wonderful performances. Since then, many swordsmen and actresses have "relied on the flag."

shot", such as Fang Xiaoye, Xing Xiaozhu, etc.

Wudan, a kind of Danxing. Most of them play brave women, such as military generals and various heroines in the characters of the rivers and lakes, and the performance is heavy on the use of martial arts and stunts. There are two characteristics of Wudan: one is stilt work, and the other is fighting.

Wudan is one of the Peking Opera industries. In the past, the difference between Wudan and other Danjiao trades was mainly stilts and fighting. When Wudan performs flipping, fighting, fluttering, and falling, he is on stilts, and he must step on stilts when he hits.

Tie a wooden prosthetic foot to your feet, and practice it as freely as your real feet, and you can't do it without exercising hard for a long time. Wudan's stilt skills are more difficult than Wusheng's thick foundation skills. If you don't practice stilt kung fu well, you won't be able to complete the various performance skills prescribed by Wudan.

In the past, Wudan and Dao Ma Dan were two different professions: in layman's terms, young women who accepted official or royal assignments and served as official generals or commanders in the regular army, such as Mu Guiying and Liang Hongyu, were called "Dao Ma Dan"; In addition to female generals, other women who can do martial arts are collectively called "Wudan", and most of these characters are Jianghu women, such as Thirteen Sisters, Zhou Fengying and the like. Later, Wudan and Dao Ma Dan merged into a "Wudan" and a trade, which generally refers to women who know martial arts.

Wudan generally plays the sword and horse dan, and in the details of the industry, there is a difference between the two. To put it simply, the sword and horse are heavy, and the Wudan is heavy and shot, which is similar to the difference between "long reliance" and "short fight" in Wusheng.

The opera industry has always emphasized "one specialization and multiple abilities", and according to the needs of the plot, many heroines in the play are required to "be able to sing and martial arts" (the landlord can go to see the famous Meipai drama "Mu Guiying in Command" starring Li Shengsu, in which Mu Guiying has both a complete set of singing and heavy martial arts). Therefore, full-time Wudan actors on the Peking Opera stage are rare now. Mei faction Tsing Yi Shi Yihong, Shang faction Tsing Yi Zhou Li, Cheng faction Tsing Yi Li Peihong, Xun faction Hua Dan Guan Bo's martial arts are quite good.

Hu Sanniang in "Hujiazhuang" in Wudan opera, Liu Jinding in "Bamboo Forest Strategy" and "Female Killing Four Gates", Zhong Wuyan in "Xiangjiang Hui", Liang Hongyu in "Zhan Jinshan", Sun Erniang in "Cross Slope", Nine Grandma in "Ba Luohe" and other dramas.

Dao Ma Dan's representative repertoire includes "Li Hui Niang", "Princess of Hundred Flowers", "The Legend of the White Snake" and so on.

Peking Opera and Martial Arts are two important forms of traditional Chinese opera art, each with its own characteristics and emphasis. Peking Opera focuses on performance skills and singing, and actors need to express the character's personality characteristics, mood changes and emotional expression through superb skills and voices. The Peking Opera is very rigorous, and each action has fixed requirements and standards, and the actors need to go through strict training and repeated drills in order to achieve the level of superb performance of the table penance.

The focus of martial arts is on martial arts movements and performance skills, and actors need to show the character's skills and combat effectiveness through difficult martial arts movements. The performance form of martial arts focuses on speed and strength, and actors need to have a strong physique and quick reflexes to complete difficult movements. In general, both Peking Opera and Martial Arts require actors to have superb skills and good physical fitness in order to achieve an excellent performance level.

In addition, they also need to pay attention to the portrayal of the character image and emotional expression in order to attract the audience's attention.

The four basic skills of Peking Opera performance are singing, reciting, and disturbing the source of Li Zao and Wu. （）

a.That's right. b.Mistake.

Correct answer: B

Wudan Wudan actor is in"Wandan"Among them, although the proportion is very small, but there are many talents. As far as the capital is concerned, the early famous Wudan actor Zhu Xiaoxi, his son Zhu Wenying (that is, Zhu Shishi, born in 1986, elected to the Kaiping Department in 1900), his grandson Zhu Guifang (1891 1944), and great-grandson Zhu Shengfu, are the fourth generation of Wudan family; Sun Yulan (born in 1835) and Sun Fuyun (born in 1859) are two generations of Wudan actors; Yan Lanqiu (1882-1939) and Yan Shishan (1919-2007) were two generations of Wudan actors; another example is Zhu Xiaoyuan (Zhu Suyun's father) for the four happiness class Wudan; Zhang Zhifang (born in 1851) is also a four-happiness class Wudan; Chen Wu'er (named Lianzhen, born in 1855) is the Wudan of the Chuntai class; Ma Liuer (named Guilian, born in 1856) is Sanqing Ban Wudan and so on. There are also Cai Fulu (elected to the Shengping Department in 1883), Xu Fuying (i.e., Xu Moer, elected to the Life Department in 1883), Yang Yongyuan (elected to the Life Department in 1886), Yu Yuqin (i.e., Yu Zhuanger, born in 1866).

In 1891, he was elected to the Shengping Administration), Guan Zilin (the father of Guan Dayuan), Zhao Xizhen (Zeng stage name"Phoenix in the clouds"), Fang Lianyuan (son of Fang Chunxian), Fan Fuxi, Ban Shichao, Song Dezhu, Li Jinhong, Chen Jinbiao, Ji Yunlan, etc., all of them have made great contributions to the art of Peking Opera Wudan.

After the liberation of New China, there are many Wudan actors and talents, including Wang Yuzhen, Liu Xiurong, Fang Xiaoya, Sun Mingzhu, etc., among the young Wudan actors, Yan Wei, Huang Hua, Pan Yuejiao, Li Hongyan, Yan Hongyu, Li Jingwen, Zhang Shujing, Yang Yanan, Lu Lin, Yang Yan, Shi Yihong, etc. are all outstanding.

One of the main professions of Peking Opera refers to the female image in opera. According to the age, identity, personality and performance characteristics of the characters, there is a more detailed division of labor, including Zhengdan (Tsing Yi), Hua Dan, Dao Ma Dan, Wu Dan, Lao Dan, Cai Dan, etc.