The difference between Ma Zhe and modern philosophy, what is Marxist philosophy

The difference between Marxist philosophy and modern Western philosophy is; Motion is the form of existence of matter, the motion of matter is absolute, and rest is relative. Matter is not a product of spirit, spirit is only the highest form of matter in motion. Social existence determines people's consciousness, and people are able to recognize and correctly apply objective laws.

The laws of dialectics are extracted from the history of nature and human society, and can be essentially summarized into the following three laws: the law of transforming quantity into quality and quality into quantity; the law of interpenetration of opposites; The law of negation of negation. Dialectics is the science of the most universal laws of all motion.

The root of the movement lies in contradictions. The two sides of the contradiction exist only in their interdependence and interconnection. In order to understand the laws of motion of the material world, people must go through practice, and they should prove the truth of their thinking in practice.

Objective Idealism: One of the two basic forms of idealistic philosophy; It believes that spirit is the origin of the world and is the first nature, but this spirit is not the subjective consciousness of some individuals, but a mysterious and objective spirit that exists in the cosmic space.

Objective idealism is represented by the ancient Greek idealist philosopher Plato (427-327 BC), who called this "objective" spirit "idea"; The German classical idealist philosopher Hegel (1770-1831), he called this spirit "Absolute Idea" or "Absolute Spirit"; The idealistic philosopher Zhu Fu (1130-1200) of the Southern Song Dynasty of China, who called this spirit "li".

Subjective idealism exaggerates the subjective spirit and subjective will as the only reality, as the origin of the world, as the first and decisive thing. They believe that everything is the product of "me" feelings, concepts, wills, emotions, etc., and that there is no world without "me". Lu Jiuyuan of the Song Dynasty of China believed that "my heart is the universe, and the universe is my heart."

Wang Shouren of the Ming Dynasty believed that "the heart is the master of heaven and earth", "the heart is the sky", "there is nothing outside the heart, nothing outside the heart, and there is no reason outside the heart". In the West, Berkeley in 18th century England believed that "objects and sensations are the same thing" and "to exist is to be perceived", he said, for example, apples are not real things, but people see certain shapes and colors, smell certain aromas, taste certain tastes, combine these senses, and then give this combination of sensations a name, called apples. Austria's Mach said

Objects are the compounds of sensations". Subjective idealism will inevitably embark on the road of idealism because it exaggerates the role of individual consciousness and regards the objective world as the product of subjective consciousness.

Idealistic philosophy: Idealistic philosophy is a bourgeois ideology, based on subjective consciousness and abstract human nature, and can be short-lived. It doesn't stand the test of time.

Ma Zhe: It is a materialist philosophy that serves the proletariat, he is based on practice, originates from practice, serves practice, and develops with the development of practice, and he will always maintain his vigor and vitality.

subjective idealism; The human heart, feelings, consciousness, and ideas are the origin of the world.

objective idealism; The belief that there is a spiritual entity outside of man, who is the origin of the world (e.g.; Absolute Spirit, God, Heaven, Idea, Reason, God, etc.).

The biggest feature of Ma Zhe, which is also different from all previous philosophies, is that he founded a materialist view of history, and the previous philosophies were idealistic on the issue of the view of history.

In addition, there is no such thing as subjective and objective materialism, and materialism is divided into ancient naïve materialism, modern mechanical materialism, and modern Marx's materialism.

The distinction between subjective and objective idealism is that there is something related to people, for example, the statement "there is nothing outside the mind" is subjective idealism (because it is related to people), and "God created all things" should be objective idealism.

Ma Zhe is characterized by radical materialism.

Hello, Marxist philosophy is a socioeconomic analysis method, which is good at analyzing social groups with conflicting interests in society from the perspective of contradiction and conflict, and is a set of "classic" sociological theories.

Marxist philosophy is a means of socio-economic analysis, a set of "classic" sociological theories, and is good at analyzing social groups with conflicting interests in society from the viewpoint of contradictions and conflicts.

The basic theories of Marxist philosophy include: dialectical materialism, materialist dialectics, epistemology, and historical materialism.

Hope the above answers can help you!

That is, the philosophy of the school to which Marx belonged.

It mainly includes dialectical materialism and historical materialism. Hope.

It is to understand the relationship between society and oneself, to sublimate the pattern of thought, and to see the essence through phenomena.

1. The social class basis is different.

Marx's philosophical revolution is to replace the old philosophy as the theoretical form of the bourgeois world outlook with a new philosophy as the theoretical form of the proletarian world outlook, and its fundamental purpose is to promote the revolutionary struggle of the proletariat to overthrow the old capitalist social system and establish a new socialist system, thereby realizing the complete emancipation of the proletariat and all mankind.

2. The degree of social impact is different.

When dealing with the problems of social reality, Marxist philosophy, as a transformation of the world, not only emphasizes criticism, but also emphasizes criticism, and leads philosophy to perceptual material practical activities, so as to make philosophy a truly realistic philosophy, which is a philosophy out of the ivory tower.

3. Different attitudes towards modern Western philosophy.

Marxist philosophy criticizes the philosophical outlook, speculative metaphysics, and traditional ontology of the "science of science" of previous philosophies, but it does not completely negate the Western philosophical tradition, but absorbs and transforms its essence and rational achievements, enriches its own theories, and enables Marxist philosophy to innovate on the basis of inheriting the outstanding achievements of mankind.

The Most Important and Significant Characteristics of Marxist Philosophy (1) Practicality Is the Most Significant Feature of Marxist Philosophy The viewpoint of practice is the primary and basic viewpoint of Marxist philosophy. Marx and Engels introduced the practice of science into philosophy for the first time. Emphasizing practicality is the most important and salient feature of Marxist philosophy that distinguishes it from all other philosophies.

2) Distinctive class nature is the second significant characteristic of Marxist philosophy (3) A high degree of scientificity is the third significant characteristic of Marxist philosophy (4) Innovativeness is the inexhaustible source of Marxist philosophy that is always full of vitality.

Marx's philosophy is a dialectical materialist philosophy.

The others are either idealistic philosophies or metaphysics.

Marxist philosophy is the science of nature, society, and the general laws of the development of thinking, and is the unity of materialism and dialectics.

1. The unity of the materialist view of nature and the view of history. It is a relative truth. It is one of the three components of Marxism, which was formed under the inheritance and development of German classical philosophy, British classical political economy, and British and French utopian socialism.

Its main theories are dialectics and materialism. Dialectical materialism and historical materialism are the two major components of Marxism, and the concept of practice is its foundation.

I'm too rich brother. You've been found hahaha.

Materialism before Marx was naïve materialism. Say it has metaphysics. It was because of the underdevelopment of science at that time, and the philosophers at that time used the appearance of things to ** the essence of things.

If the Chinese Five Elements say that everything in the world is composed of gold, wood, water, fire, and earth. The Greeks said that everything is made of water and so on. It's all about the essence of things through the appearance of things.

As soon as this kind of materialism is put into history, it becomes idealism again.

Before the advent of historical materialism, people believed that it was man who determined the history of society. It doesn't matter if it's a people or a hero. Historical materialism holds that the productive forces determine the relations of production.

The social history of mankind is also controlled by certain laws, rather than someone determining the course of social development. Let's get down to business.

Previous materialists only believed that existence determines consciousness, but they did not believe that social existence determines social consciousness. The second and third terms can be explained by their literal meanings. It was clear that the third item was broader in scope and it encompassed the third item.

This is why it is said that there was only idealism in the past. Because people in the past did not admit that social existence determines social consciousness, strictly speaking, it means that they do not admit that existence determines consciousness. Not outright materialism, nor true materialism.

Because social existence determines social consciousness, it is a very important content in "existence determines consciousness".

Naive materialism at that time recognized that in nature, existence determines consciousness; However, in human society, it is not recognized that social existence determines social consciousness, that is, it is not recognized that existence determines consciousness. This is clearly a paradox. Human society naturally belongs to the natural world, and it is recognized that there is a determining consciousness in nature, but it is not recognized in human society.

The reason for this is because of metaphysics.

Categories: Education, Science, >> Science & Technology.

Problem description: I am a student in the Department of Mathematics and am very interested in philosophy. I think Marxist philosophy is different from what the great philosophers like Leibniz, Aristotle, and Socrates studied! The philosophy of the former is now being learned more by Chinese leaders, who know very little about mathematics!

And Leibniz, Russell, they were both mathematicians and philosophers. I think I like the philosophies of Aristotle and Russell more.

Can anyone help me point out the difference between the two, and then introduce a few philosophical works (which were studied in the university's philosophical department).

Analysis: I am from the Chinese department, I think there is no morning or evening to learn, didn't Hobbes start learning geometry at the age of forty?

Many philosophers were scientists at the same time, especially before the modern era.

Marx was a very influential philosopher, not only in China, but also had you never heard of "Western Marxism?" Of course, it cannot be considered that his doctrine is the ultimate truth, and I do not think that there is an ultimate truth. Marx was a philosopher of practicality, so much so that Sartre said that he ignored the individual existence of man.

Looking at his writings does not seem to give spiritual comfort.

I didn't read much of the original philosophical works, only turning a few pages of Plato, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Russell, etc.

I think the most distinctive thing about Marx is that he used philosophy to transform the world, while other philosophers mainly explain the world.

Russell didn't say that what gives people ultimate care is philosophy.