Chemistry Elective 5, page 54, 19 questions, see the supplementary questions

2.C6H12 + 9O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O reactants: 42g of C6H12 = C6H12, the reaction consumes O2, the volume of which is.

3.To add a little upstairs, this ring is cyclohexane instead of benzene ring. According to the molecular formula C6H12, the unsaturation of the molecule can be obtained as 1, and there may be a double bond or a ring in the molecule.

And because it cannot fade bromine water, it can be seen that the molecule does not contain double bonds, and cannot be ternary or quaternary rings. Then the possible structure is a five-membered ring or a six-membered ring. And because if it is a five-membered ring, a methyl group needs to be isolated, and there must be other products when it is replaced.

Therefore, it is determined that this structure is a six-membered ring. It's the structure you wrote.

4.To determine the position of the double bond, it is necessary to first determine the main backbone of the product alkane, and there are two molecular backbones of C6H14 with four methyl groups

Depending on the skeleton, select the double bond position. Among them, skeleton 1 has only one double bond position; Skeleton 2 has two double bond positions:

That's it.

Isomers: Since they are olefins, there are two forms of isomerism. One is carbon chain isomerism (the same as alkanes); One is functional group position isomerism.

Let's start with carbon chain isomerism: compounds with 4 C's have two isomerisms on the carbon chain:

Then according to the different carbon chains, different double bond positions: carbon chain 1 has two double bond positions, and carbon chain 2 has only one double bond position.

The middle three are the results of taking into account the isomerism of carbon chains and functional groups. As for the last isomer, it is due to ring formation, and the product is cyclobutane. These are the four isomers.

Hope it helps

If you have any doubts, please feel free to ask.

c6h12+9o2=6co2+6h2o

Molar gas under standard conditions.

1 selection d 2 selection b 3 selection a 4 selection a 5 selection b 6 selection c hydroxyl trihydrophilic group, the more it means the more soluble in water.

7. Bromine water can be used to extract and stratify with benzene, the organic layer is orange, and the water layer is almost colorless; miscible with ethanol; Addition occurs with 1-hexene and the stupid brother fades with limb color and stratification; Bromine water oxidizes formaldehyde and fades, but does not stratify; Substitution with phenol occurs to produce 2,4,6-tribromophenol, which is a white precipitate.

8. The molecule contains two oxygen atoms, and the aqueous solution is acidic, which can react with the sodium carbonate solution, and should belong to carboxylic acid. From the number of hydrogen atoms in the molecule, the hydrocarbon group is not saturated, and the discoloration of bromine water occurs as an addition reaction. It can be judged that the molecule contains unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds and carboxyl groups.

Answer: ch2==chcooh

Because the molecular formula structure of the answers to the next few questions is more complex, it is not easy to type it here, so I'm sorry, I'll leave the next few dust questions for you to do,

In question 3, A is ethanol and B is benzyl alcohol, which I think both belong to the alcohol category.

This reaction is a D-A reaction, an addition reaction of an organic substance containing unsaturated bonds (diphile) and a molecule of conjugated diolefins, resulting in the formation of a new bond between the two molecules, and the product is a cyclic structure. See the figure for the specific process

The above process is the specific process of the known reaction in the question, the curved arrow indicates the direction of electron transfer, and the dashed bond is the position of the new bond formed after the original bond is broken. The end result is the product.

Personally, I feel that looking at the picture is more intuitive and easy to understand. If you have any questions, please feel free to ask.

Hope it helps

If you have any doubts, please feel free to ask.

1,3-pentadiene:ch2=ch-ch=ch-ch3

2,3-Dimethyl-1,3-butadiene: CH2=C(CH3)--CH=CH2

Do you see it?

You write the products and reactants as simple structures, and then you end up with the cyclic hydrocarbon that you were given before, and you can see that there are only three more methyl groups...

Let's start with the question of why we check for air tightness. Since the device is a gas generating device, the gas production device requires good air tightness, and if it is not checked, the product will escape and the yield will be reduced; Secondly, the gas acetylene produced in this experiment is a flammable gas, which is extremely dangerous after leakage.

Let's look at the device: 2

1) Gas collection cylinders with water stop clips and long neck funnels, with the help of water stop clips when checking air tightness. The specific operation is as follows: close the water stop clamp and add water to the gas collection cylinder from the long-neck funnel.

If the air tightness is good, the water will not flow down to the bottle (due to air pressure); Conversely, if the water runs down, the air tightness is not good.

2) For small test tubes with a trachea, the method of checking the air tightness is to connect the trachea into the sink and cover the wall of the test tube tightly with your hands. The gas expands after being heated, and if the air tightness is good, bubbles will be seen in the sink; On the contrary, if there are no bubbles, the gas will leak from the leakage, and the air tightness is not good.

3.Because the device is used to determine the purity of calcium carbide by measuring the yield of acetylene. So device b is used to determine the amount of acetylene of the substance.

However, bromine can also react with impurities H2S, which affects the judgment of acetylene production. So the H2S should be removed at A.

As for the reagents in bottle A, there are many options (remember that concentrated sulfuric acid is not allowed, and the product SO2 is still reducible).

Just remove the h2s according to the reaction formula you wrote.

4.The reaction between water and calcium carbide is too violent, so saturated salt water reaction is used. Saturated saline contains a large amount of Na+ and Cl-, which does not react with calcium carbide.

It is equivalent to reducing the contact area of water (H+) and calcium carbide to a certain extent, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the reaction rate.

6.It is enough to follow the principle of solidification before liquid. If there is an addition to the answer, please feel free to join us**

8.Bromine undergoes an addition reaction with acetylene, and the product is liquid and retained in bromine water. Its added weight is the mass of C2H2 (acetylene).

According to the reaction formula: CAC2+2H2O==Ca(OH)2+C2H2

x bg gives x=(32b 13)g

Then the purity of CAC2 = (32b 13) a 100%.

Hope it helps

If you have any doubts, please feel free to ask.

Compare option A and option B, both of which use the addition reaction of acetylene and bromine to achieve the purpose of removing acetylene.

The specific difference is that the solvent in bromine water is water, and after ethane gas is introduced, the product of acetylene and bromine addition is liquid, which is retained in the liquid. Gases can be separated;

Liquid bromine is solvent-free, and it is generally said that bromine is soluble in organic solvents, so can it also be said that organic matter is soluble in bromine? When liquid bromine is overwhelmingly dominant in quantity, liquid bromine becomes a solvent in which ethane is dissolved. In this way, acetylene reacts with liquid bromine, but it cannot be separated from ethane.

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If you have any doubts, please feel free to ask.

Liquid bromine can not distinguish between ethane and acetylene, liquid bromine and ethane undergo substitution reaction under light, and acetylene does not react, and acetylene reaction is bromine water, liquid bromine is pure, does not react.

The relative molecular mass of A can be known from the question as 58, then the amount of the substance of A is, and the amount of the substance of CO2 is from the question, so there are 3mol of carbon in 1molA, and the remaining H and O are a total of 22, and there is a maximum of one O. So the molecular formula is C3H6O. Reacting with silver ammonia solution, according to monohydrate, two silver and three ammonia, generated, then there is only one aldehyde group in a, that is, propionaldehyde.

In fact, only the aldehyde group can react with the silver ammonia solution in high school, and you can directly see that the unsaturation is 1, which can only be propionaldehyde, so the second question does not need to be counted).

The amount of matter at the original equilibrium pcl3:; cl2：；pcl5 is k=

At this point the removal of the sum is equivalent to the beginning of the and in the reaction, and the amount of the Pcl5 substance is set to close as a simple mega x when the new equilibrium is reached

then pcl3: (1-x)mol; cl2：(k=x/(1-x)(

From the equality of the two formulas, find x