What is the difference between the Ming Dynasty s Jiake, Xianggong, Year s Recommendation, and Avoid

Is your question a summary?

The first department is a jinshi and the first, jinshi origin. The results of the Jinshi subject are divided into three grades, Jinshi and first, Jinshi and Tongjinshi; Only the highest and second class can be called the Alphabet family. But the first family is an unofficial name, and it is okay in some unscrupulous occasions.

Xianggong is a kind of lifting people. There are two kinds of students who participate in the township examination: imperial examination students and prison students. The students of the imperial examination were promoted through the examinations of the county governments; The invigilator is a student who studies in the country and directly takes the township examination without any examination.

The people who are promoted from the imperial examination can be called township tribute. The word was also an informal word in the Ming Dynasty, a relic of the imperial examinations of the Tang and Song dynasties.

Neither the recommendation nor the promotion was made through a normal examination. The annual recommendation may still be institutionalized, and the promotion is completely the will of the chief. Neither of these is the normal pathway.

The jurisprudence may follow certain avenues for normal appointments and transfers. I'm not quite sure where this term is applied. However, judging from the example found on the following page, most of them are the positions of royal officials and university students (Tai students), the latter of which may be similar to the current special enrollment.

This is still an unofficial name.

Those who passed the imperial examination and obtained the Jinshi and the first and the first and the born, are the "first subjects" on the way to the imperial examination, and they are the most important to people.

And then send the Shangshu Province to take the test called Xianggong, it is a way to obtain the status of Jinshi.

Generally speaking, the so-called system of initiating a lawsuit refers to a system of selecting officials who have the power to revoke lawsuits and appoint subordinates of the department. It's like a step to the sky.

The recommendation of the year is the recommendation of the low-level bureaucrat to the high-level.

1. The time of the imperial examination in ancient China was uncertain.

2. In the Tang Dynasty, which perfected the imperial examination system, the time of the imperial examination was divided into two categories, one was the regular examination held every year, and the other was the system held by the emperor's temporary order.

3. The imperial examination in the Song Dynasty was originally held once a year, sometimes.

One or two years are indefinite. Song Yingzong ruled for three years, and it was officially set as once every three years.

Fourth, in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the triennial system was still adopted.

5. The imperial examination system, also known as the imperial examination and the imperial examination system, is a system for selecting officials through examinations in ancient China. Because of the method of selecting scholars by subject, it is called the imperial examination. The imperial examination system was implemented from the Sui Dynasty (a Tang Dynasty) to the last Jinshi examination in the first year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1905), which has gone through more than 1,300 years and has become the world's longest-lasting method of selecting talents.

It has had a profound impact on the enlightenment of many countries in the Han cultural circle, including China, as well as Western European countries.

I'm wondering too.

The question is, just take the test.

What examination room is divided into grade rankings in junior high school? . . It makes me very stressed [I study well, I am in 3 exam rooms out of 9].

But despise China's evil education system.

And the teacher's test-oriented education!

Because every exam is a test for you, to see if you have mastered the knowledge points, etc., the exam is what every student will experience, if there is no exam, the teacher will not understand your situation, and you will not be able to give tutoring for your shortcomings, if you don't like the exam, how can you be excellent?

Then you should wonder why there are textbooks in the world.

Where there is study, there will be examinations, there will be examinations when there is a need for talent selection, and there will be examinations to judge what has been learned.

1. The scores are not the same.

Lifting: The score is lower than that of the solution;

Xie Yuan: The score is the highest among all lifters in a region;

2. The number of people is different.

Lifting: According to the admission quota of a region, the number of people is larger;

Xie Yuan: There is only one person in a test area;

3. The difficulty of obtaining is different.

Lifting people: It is difficult to obtain;

Xie Yuan: It is extremely difficult to obtain, and it is a great honor to connect the three elements.

The imperial examination is divided into four levels: the academy examination, the township examination, the general examination, and the palace examination. Before the college examination, it was called "Tongsheng" and "Tongzi".

After passing the examination, he is called "student" and "Xiucai". The township examination (big competition) is tested every three years, and the reference person shows talent, and the passing person is raised, and the first name is Xie Yuan. The examination period is in August, so it is also called "autumn skull".

The general examination is based on the local oysters of the township examination. The time is in the spring of the second year of the township examination, the location of the Beijing Ministry of Rites and Officials, after the examination is called "Gongshi", the first name is "Huiyuan". The palace examination is presided over by the emperor, and if you pass the examination, you will be called Jinshi.

Only Gongshi is eligible for reference. The palace examination is divided into three (third-class) admissions. The first class is given to the Jinshi and the first, the second class is born as the Jinshi, the third is given to the same Jinshi background, the first place in the palace examination is called the champion, the second is called the Bangyan, and the third is Tanhua.

Bagu Wen: It is also called Babi Wen, System Text, and Shiwen. It is a kind of style that must be done in the township examination.

Article 4 is composed of eight parts: breaking the topic, undertaking the topic, starting to talk, starting, starting shares, middle shares, back shares, and bundle shares.

In ancient China, he was known as the examiner in the local imperial examination. In the Tang Dynasty, those who took the test in various townships needed to enter Beijing to take the exam, so they were called this name, which meant that they should be lifted. Song is the general name of the candidates in each subject of the Township Examination (Gongju Examination).

Commonly known as lifting. If you raise a person to enter the department, you can be awarded an official, but if you have no "background", you can be exempted from military service. Inherited in the Ming and Qing dynasties, it is the special name of the township test tester, commonly known as filial piety.

And as a kind of birth qualification, that is, it has the preliminary qualification to enter the office.

In the Han Dynasty, there was no examination method for taking scholars and employing people, and the county and the state were recommended by each other, and those who were recommended were called lifters. In the Tang and Song dynasties, it was said that those who could take the Jinshi examination were lifted. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the people who took the township test were called lifters, also known as the General Assembly and the Great Spring Yuan.

If you are in the middle of lifting people, it is called "liberation" and "development", which is referred to as "development". It is customary to raise people to be commonly known as the lord .

Lift people. If you successfully pass the first hurdle, those who pass the township examination are called lifters. Juren got its name from the Han Dynasty's chaju, but in the Han, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, it was only the meaning of the person being lifted, not a special name.

The Tang and Song Dynasty imperial examinations, re-entering the Shi Branch, the so-called lifting people, but it refers to the fact that they can be admitted to the Shi examination, so it is also called the Jin Shi, which is still not a special predicate. In the Tang Dynasty, the schools (Guozijian, Hongwenguan, etc.) and local schools selected and sent to Beijing to take the examination as apprentices, and the scholars selected by the state examination were the township tribute, which means that the tribute items were sent together with the state. In the Song Dynasty, such scholars were sent to the examination, and they generally had to pass the Benzhou Examination (similar to the Ming and Qing Dynasty Township Examinations).

If you can't get to the top in the examination, in the Tang and Song dynasties, you must take the examination of the prefecture or state again and regain the qualification of the township tribute before you can take the examination again. Liu Zhang in the Song Dynasty and Xu Ying in the Yuan Dynasty were the first in the township, because they were deposed in the first examination, so they had to be held four times and twice in the township. The Ming and Qing dynasties were more preferential, and once they were lifted, they would always have the qualifications to continue to go to the examination.

There is another difference between the Ming and Qing dynasties and the previous generations: they can enter the official career because of this. Wu Jingzi** Fan Jin in "The History of Confucianism", after entering school, he was still greedy and poor, and he was embarrassed; Once he was promoted, his relatives and neighbors all flattered him, and even Squire Zhang also went to climb the world and send money to the house, because the person was not only qualified to go to the examination, but also had the right way to be an official.

Xie Yuan Tang system, the people who raised the Jin Shi were sent to the test by the local solution, so later generations called the first name of the township test Xie Yuan. As the world called Tang Yin of the Ming Dynasty Tang Jieyuan. Also known as "unraveling".

Song Hongmai "Rong Zhai Four Strokes. Blame the examiner": "In November of the second year of Tianxi], one hundred and four people were relieved, and Guo Zhi was dismissed.

Qing Pu Songling's "Strange Tales from Liaozhai. Sisters are easy to marry": "Show talent should love themselves, and eventually take it as the first solution."

Qing Li Tiaoyuan's "Trivia of the System of Righteousness." Huiyuan Xie Yuan entered Hanlin": "Yi Xi'an raised Jinshi, introduced Nanhaizi, and Gu Bachelor said:

This person Shandong Xie Yuan also, then changed to Shu Jishi. ”

The imperial examination system of the Ming and Qing dynasties is divided into the township examination, the meeting examination and the palace examination, the township examination is the provincial examination, and those who pass the examination are lifted, and the first is Xie Yuan; The examination is a national unified examination that people take in the capital, and those who pass the examination are Jinshi, and the first is Huiyuan; The palace examination is a jinshi examination presided over by the emperor himself, the first is called the champion, the second is called Bangyan, and the third is called Tanhua.

Xie Yuan must be a lifter, but lifting a person is not necessarily a solution to the yuan, under normal circumstances, only once every three years, the first person in the provincial examination is the solution, that is, every province only produces a solution in three years, but the person can produce many.

Of course there is pull! Isn't it just that the grade of the solution yuan is a little higher! Do you need to explain it like this?

The ancient Chinese talent selection system originated from the pre-Qin period of the zhi selection of scholars and the system of raising scholars, and went through the inspection system of the two Han Dynasty and the nine answers of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and was stereotyped as the imperial examination system in the Sui and Tang dynasties and the later period. It had a direct impact on the educational objectives and content of education and the methods of examinations at that time.

The imperial examination system was followed by successive dynasties, but in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the emphasis on the "Four Books" and "Five Classics" and the use of eight streams of literature to take scholars imprisoned the minds of scholars, greatly restrained the creativity of intellectuals, and also hindered the development of science and technology and social progress to a certain extent, which was a cultural factor that lagged behind the West in modern China.

In the Tang Dynasty, it was common to write an essay, such as an essay for the college entrance examination.

During the Song Dynasty, it was common to write a**, such as graduation**.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, reports were generally written, such as speech reports.

The Sui and Tang dynasties mainly took the Song and Ming examinations and the Ming and Qing dynasties.