The specific concept of the Si element, what is the Si chemical element

The Si chemical element is silicon.

Silicon (silicon) is a chemical element, the chemical symbol is SI, formerly known as silicon. Atomic number 14, relative to the atomic mass, there are two allotropes of amorphous silicon and crystalline silicon, which belong to the third period on the periodic table, the metalloids of group IVA. Silicon is also an extremely common element, yet it is rarely found in nature in its elemental form.

Chemical properties of silicon

Silicon has obvious non-metallic properties and can be dissolved in alkali metal hydroxide solutions to produce (meta)silicates and hydrogen. The silicon atom is located in the ivth main group of the periodic table, it has an atomic number of z=14 and 14 electrons outside the nucleus. Electrons are outside the nucleus, according to the energy level from low silicon atoms to high, from the inside to the outside, layer by layer, which is called the shell structure of electrons.

The outer nuclear electrons of the silicon atom have 2 electrons in the first shell and 8 electrons in the second shell, reaching a stable state. The outermost four electrons are the valence electrons, which play a leading role in the conductivity of silicon atoms. Because the silicon atom has such a structure, it has some special properties:

The 4 outermost valence electrons keep the silicon atoms in a metastable structure, and these valence electrons cause the silicon atoms to be covalently bonded to each other.

Because the covalent bond is relatively strong, silicon has a high melting point and density; The chemical properties are relatively stable, and it is difficult to react with other substances (except hydrogen fluoride and lye) at room temperature; There are no obvious free electrons in silicon crystals, which can conduct electricity, but the conductivity is not as good as that of metals, and it increases with the increase of temperature, and has semiconductor properties.

The above content reference:Encyclopedia – Silicon

SI stands for the element silicon. The element symbol of silicon is Si, which represents an atom of the silicon element on a microscopic level and the chemical element silicon on a macroscopic level. Silicon rarely occurs in nature in the form of elemental matter, generally in rocks, gravel, dust, in the form of complex silicates or silica.

The role of SIThe production of silicone rubber, silicone resin, silicone oil and other silicone silicone rubber has good elasticity and high temperature resistance, and is used to make medical supplies, high-temperature resistant gaskets, etc. Silicone resin is used in the production of insulating paints, high-temperature coatings, etc. Silicone oil is an oily substance, its viscosity is less affected by temperature, used in the production of advanced lubricants, glazing agents, fluid springs, dielectric liquids, etc., and can also be processed into colorless and transparent liquids, as a high-grade waterproofing agent sprayed on the surface of buildings.

The manufacture of high-purity semiconductors and modern large-scale integrated circuits are almost all made of high-purity silicon metal, and high-purity silicon metal is also the main raw material for the production of optical fibers, so it can be said that silicon metal has become the basic pillar industry of the information age.

The Si chemical element is silicon. Silicon is an extremely common element, but it rarely occurs in nature in the form of elemental substances, but in the form of complex silicates or silica, which are widely found in rocks, gravel, and dust. Silicon is the eighth largest reserve in the universe.

In the earth's crust, it is the second most abundant element, constituting the total mass of the earth's crust, second only to oxygen (.

Uses of siliconHigh-purity semiconductor: silicon is used in integrated circuits High-purity monocrystalline silicon is an important semiconductor material, which can be made into diodes, transistors, thyristors and various integrated circuits (including chips and CPUs in people's computers), and can also be made into solar photovoltaic cells, which convert radiant energy into electrical energy, in 2012, China has surpassed Europe and Japan to become the world's largest producer of solar cells.

High-temperature resistant materials: silicon can be used to make cermet composites, which inherit the respective advantages of metals and ceramics, and also make up for the shortcomings of both, with the advantages of high temperature resistance, toughness, and cutability. The first space shuttle, Columbia, relied on a shell made of silicon tiles to withstand the high temperatures caused by friction when the aircraft traveled through the dense atmosphere at high speed.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia-Silicon.

Silicon, a non-metallic element, is a semiconductor material that can be used to make semiconductor devices and integrated circuits. Formerly known as "silicon".

Amphoteric elements, non-metallic is greater than metallic.

Silicon has two allotropes, crystalline and amorphous. Crystalline silicon is further divided into monocrystalline silicon.

and polysilicon, both of which have diamond.

Lattice, the crystal is hard and brittle, has a metallic luster, can conduct electricity, but the conductivity is not as good as that of metal, and increases with the increase of temperature, and has semiconductor properties. The melting point of crystalline silicon is 1410C, the boiling point is 2355C, and the amorphous silicon is a black-gray powder.

Chemical properties of silicon

Silicon is inactive at room temperature, and its main chemical properties are as follows:

1) Interaction with non-metals.

Si can only react with F2 at room temperature, and burns instantaneously in F2 to generate SiF4

si+f2 === si+f4

When heated, it can react with other halogens to form silicon halide, and react with oxygen to form SiO2:

Si+2F2 SiF4 (X=Cl,br,I)Si+O2 SiO2 SiO2 (Microstructure of SiO2) At high temperatures, silicon is combined with non-metallic elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur to form silicon carbide.

SiC, silicon nitride.

Si3N4 and silicon sulfide SiS2, etc.

si+c sic

3si+2n2 si3n4

si+2s sis2

2) Interaction with acids.

Si is passivated in oxygenated acids, but with hydrofluoric acid.

and its mixed acid reaction to generate SIF4 or H2SIF6:

si+4hf sif4↑+2h2↑

3si+4hno3+18hf === 3h2sif6+4no↑+8h2o

3) Interaction with alkali.

Amorphous silicon reacts violently with alkali to form soluble silicate.

And release hydrogen:

Si+2NaOH+H2O === Na2SiO3+2H2 4) and metal.

Silicon can also be combined with calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, platinum, bismuth, etc., to form corresponding metal silicides.

Uses of silicon

Episode 6: What are the chemical properties of a substance: This lesson introduces the definition of the chemical properties of a substance through three experiments: "iron rusting", "candle burning", and "copper sulfate reacts with sodium hydroxide". The properties of matter that manifest themselves in chemical changes are called chemical properties.

Si is the symbol of the chemical element in the periodic table and represents the element silicon.

Silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust, after oxygen. It is a non-metallic element that is in group 14 in the periodic table and is characterized by an atomic number of 14 and an atomic weight of . Silicon has an off-white appearance and has metallic and non-metallic properties.

Silicon is a semiconductor material that is highly thermally stable and able to withstand high temperatures. Therefore, it has a wide range of applications in the manufacture of electronic devices, especially in the manufacture of integrated circuit chips. In nature, silicon is widely found in quartz, silicate minerals, and siliceous rocks.

It is one of the most important components in the earth's crust. At the same time, silicon also plays an important biological role in living organisms.

The main applications of silicon:

1. Semiconductor materials: Silicon is one of the most commonly used semiconductor materials. Due to its stable and controllable electrical properties, silicon is widely used in the manufacture of electronic devices and world-bridge integrated circuits. Silicon chips are the core components of electronic products such as computers, mobile phones, and televisions.

2. Solar panels: Silicon is also the main material for making solar panels. Solar panels use the photoelectric effect of silicon to convert sunlight into electricity, allowing solar energy to be used as a clean, renewable source of energy.

3. Glass products: silicon is an important component of glass products. The silica (SiO2) in the glass product gives it the characteristics of transparency, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance. Silicon is also used as a fiber core material in fiber optic communications to transmit optical signals.

4. Ceramic materials: Silicon is an important component in the manufacture of ceramics and refractory materials. Silicon ceramics have excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and insulation properties, and are widely used in high-temperature furnaces, refractory linings and other fields.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia-Silicon.

Si stands for Silicon Element.

Si stands for silicon element, atomic number 14, relative atomic mass, there are two allotropic forms of amorphous silicon and crystalline silicon, which belong to the third period of the periodic table of the element, the fourth main group of metalloids.

Silicon is an important nutrient element composed of plants, and is listed as the fourth largest element by the international soil community after nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Silicon fertilizer is beneficial to increase the photosynthesis and chlorophyll content of crops, make stems and leaves straight, and promote the accumulation of organic matter. Silicon fertilizer can increase the mechanical strength of crop stems and improve the lodging resistance by more than 85%.

Keep the stalks straight and facilitate dense planting.

Silicon fertilizer can improve the resistance of crops to pests and diseases, and reduce the occurrence of various pests and diseases. When silicon is absorbed by crops, silicified cells can be formed in the plant.

Use of silicon

Silicon can be used as a fertilizer, and silicon fertilizer is a kind of medium element fertilizer. In 1787, Lavoisier first discovered the presence of silicon in rocks. It was systematically introduced into China by Cai Delong, and was widely used in industrial production and agriculture.

According to China's current fertilizer classification method (macro-element, medium-element, and micro-element fertilizer), the fertilizer and calcium fertilizer belong to medium-element fertilizers.

Since 1996, the "Henan Silicon Fertilizer Engineering Technology Research Center" has been set up in the Henan Academy of Sciences, and the center is responsible for the formulation and promulgation of China's national silicon fertilizer standards.

Silicon fertilizer is a good quality fertilizer, health fertilizer and plant regulating fertilizer, and is a new type of multi-functional fertilizer that cannot be compared with other chemical fertilizers. Silicon fertilizer can be used as fertilizer to provide nutrients to the wild, and can also be used as a soil conditioner to improve the soil. In addition, it also has the functions of disease prevention, insect control and poison reduction.

With its outstanding advantages such as non-toxic, tasteless, non-deteriorating, non-loss and pollution-free, it will become an efficient and high-quality fertilizer for the development of green ecological agriculture.