Can fertilizing rice be said to replenish energy?

Yes, fertilization is originally to supplement nutrients to rice, of course, it can be said to replenish energy.

Rice fertilization method: pay attention to the method when fertilizing, first of all, pay attention to the growth of rice when fertilizing, and judge whether fertilization is needed according to different growth conditions. Secondly, we should pay attention to the amount of fertilization, which requires us to fertilize according to the fertility of the rice field and the growth of the rice, and you can choose to fertilize the water-soluble fertilizer.

Types of fertilizer: There are not many types of fertilizers used in rice, and they are all targeted fertilizers according to different periods of growth and development. Generally, it is compound fertilizer, urea, silicon fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer.

However, nitrogen fertilizer must be used in moderation, otherwise there may be dead seedlings, and the taste of the rice will be very bad at the end.

Fertilization points: try to take the method of side deep fertilization when fertilizing, so that the first benefit of fertilization is to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and reduce the amount of fertilizer. The second is that it can promote the growth and development of rice.

The third is that it can reduce the disease rate of rice, reduce environmental pollution and increase yields. When using side deep fertilization, it is necessary to pay attention to the distance between rice, the proportion of fertilization and the soil of the paddy field.

Correct fertilization methods for rice: front light-medium heavy-back supplementation method, front stability-attack method, front promotion-middle control-rear supplementation method, front promotion fertilization method, and bottom fertilizer clear fertilization method.

1. Front-light-medium-heavy-post-supplementation method: apply a certain amount of base fertilizer, appropriate tillering fertilizer, effective use of ear fertilizer, and consider the use of grain fertilizer according to plant growth and development, so as to achieve stable growth in the early stage of rice, no vigorous growth in the early stage, flower growth in the middle and late stages, and no aging of plants in the middle and late stages. This method can promote the growth and development of large spikes and increase the grain weight under the premise of ensuring the abundance of spikes.

It is mainly used for late rice and late-maturing medium rice in the south.

2. Pre-stability-attacking method: It is beneficial to improve the reasonable tillering rate, large spike commodity rate, and particulate matter weight gain rate, so as to achieve stable rice fertilization and high yield. It has a small group of strong plants, large tillers, and early tillering control; Strong roots, large spikes in the middle attack, commodity rate and spike weight in the middle and rear attacks.

3. Pre-promotion-central control-post-supplementation method: mainly through re-application of base fertilizer, re-application of tillering fertilizer, and discretionary application of grain fertilizer, rice can be "bombarded" in the early stage, "stable" in the middle and late stages, and can be "healthy and strong" in the middle and late stages. The pre-promotion-central control-post-supplement method is mainly used for the problems that need attention in the rice area in Northeast China, the vast majority of early rice in the southern region, and wheat rice planting in Northeast China.

4. Pre-fertilization method: under the premise of applying plantar fertilizer, early application and heavy application of tillering fertilizer, especially basal fertilizer, will help promote the early growth of tillering and increase tillering and multiple ears. The base fertilizer needs to account for about 70% of the fertilizer amount, and the remaining 30% of the fertilizer is applied after planting.

The pre-fertilization method is mainly used in areas where precipitation is concentrated, chemical fertilizer outflow is large, and ultra-low temperature sunlight is relatively less in the rice growth period.

5. Bottom fertilizer and clear fertilization method: in the whole field, all chemical fertilizers are applied at one time, and the soil quality and chemical fertilizers are fully mixed. The bottom fertilizer and fertilization method is beneficial to improve the nitrogen absorption rate of rice plants, which not only allows tillers to become more ears quickly, but also disperses enough ants to improve the light transmittance of rows and slag rows, and improves grain production.

The bottom fertilizer method is mainly used for paddy fields with strong fertilizer efficiency and abundant fertilizer sources for clay and heavy silt soil grades.

Rice growth utilizes the matter and energy in organic fertilizer.

Rice cultivation techniques.

The crop likes high temperature, humidity and short daylight, and has low requirements for soil.

The south of China is the main producing area, and the northern provinces are cultivated.

1. Seed treatment.

Seed treatment is a prerequisite in planting technology, generally before planting, the selected seeds are cleaned, sterilized in permanganate anti-decay potassium solution, and then placed in a gauze bag for germination treatment, keeping the temperature at about 30 Zhishou can germinate quickly.

2. Land preparation treatment.

In order to ensure the fertility of the cultivation medium, it is generally necessary to combine the cultivation and weeding treatment when preparing the land, and then add an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer and superphosphate, potassium sulfate and other fertilizers to the soil, mix and stir evenly, and then add a small amount of dixone for sterilization.

3. Transplanting treatment.

The germinated seedlings are transplanted into the soil, do not cultivate too densely, keep the plant row spacing at about 10 cm, hold the seedling roots by hand, insert the root system into the soil, it is best not to be too shallow, the root system should be kept completely covered by the soil, and it can also be carried out with a seedling machine, which is faster.

4. Post-planting treatment.

If there is a lack of seedlings after planting, it is necessary to replenish the seedlings in time to ensure the original planting density, and during the growth period, it is necessary to frequently build bridges and irrigate treatment, and the water can be increased during the seedling period, generally only need to be submerged to one-third of the plant, and then add ammonium sulfate fertilizer appropriately according to the growth situation.

5. Weeding treatment.

It is best to carry out weeding treatment frequently after planting, and herbicides can be applied to it one week after planting, mainly oxatrione, and when the growth is better, benzylthioyl herbicides can be added to the fertilizer to mix and spray to avoid weeds affecting the normal growth of plants.

The first is base fertilizer, also called base fertilizer, including organic fertilizer and various chemical fertilizers. The amount of organic fertilizer is 2000 3000 kg per 667 square meters, the amount of chemical fertilizer is 30 kg of ammonium sulfate or 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 30 50 kg of superphosphate, 10 15 kg of potassium sulfate.

These fertilizers are applied at one time before harrowing, and fertilizer, soil and water can be melted after harrowing to reduce fertilizer loss. The second is top dressing, top dressing is mainly nitrogen fertilizer, if the total top dressing amount does not exceed 30 kg of ammonium sulfate per 667 square meters.

The approximate fertilizer distribution is as follows: Flour fertilizer. Before transplanting, apply 3 5 kg of ammonium sulfate per 667 square meters. Tillering fertilizer. 10 15 days after transplanting, apply 5 10 kg of ammonium sulfate per 667 square meters.

Ear fertilizer. At the beginning of jointing, ammonium sulfate was applied to 8 10 kg per 667 square meters. Grain fertilizer. 7 days before heading, apply 3 5 kg of ammonium sulfate per 667 square meters.

Q: In the south, there are both single-cropping rice and double-cropping rice, how to fertilize reasonably?

Expert: The growth period of single-cropping rice is long, the yield is higher, generally 90 120 days, and the yield per mu is more than 500 kg. Therefore, the amount of fertilizer is relatively high, but the proportion of basal fertilizer nitrogen is relatively low, accounting for about 50%, and tillering fertilizer and booting fertilizer are equally important.

The specific fertilization scheme is: 8 12 kg of urea or 20 30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 8 10 kg of potassium chloride per mu of base fertilizer. It is also possible to apply compound fertilizer, 30 to 40 kg per mu.

Basal fertilizer is applied during land preparation before transplanting. Top dressing is divided into two times, 10 15 days after transplanting, tillering fertilizer is applied, urea is applied 8 10 kg per mu, booting fertilizer is applied 35 40 days after transplanting, and urea 10 12 kg or ammonium carbonate 25 35 kg is applied per mu.

Question: Single-cropping rice refers to rice that is only planted once a year, so how to fertilize double-cropping rice?

Expert: Double cropping rice is divided into early rice and late rice. There are two points to pay attention to in fertilization:

The first is to take the two stubbles as a whole, and the phosphate fertilizer is mainly given to the front stubble, and the potassium fertilizer is mainly given to the back stubble. Second, compared with single-cropping rice, the growth period of double-cropping rice is shorter, generally not more than 90 days, and the yield is lower, with a yield of 400 500 kg per mu. Therefore, the amount of fertilizer applied is less than that of single-cropping rice.

Due to the short growth period and the relatively concentrated and early nutrient uptake peak, it is necessary to reapply basal fertilizer and top dressing in the early stage. Booting fertilizer can be applied sparingly, or only some foliar fertilizer can be sprayed. The specific scheme is:

Apply 10 15 kg of urea, or 30 40 kg of ammonium carbonate, 20 25 kg of superphosphate or calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer, and 8 12 kg of potassium chloride per mu. 10 15 days after transplanting, tillering fertilizer was applied, and 5 10 kg of urea or 15 25 kg of ammonium carbonate were applied per mu. 30 35 days after transplanting, apply booting fertilizer as appropriate, apply urea 3 5 kg per mu, or spray foliar fertilizer twice, foliar fertilizer concentration:

urea to 1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

Question: In the southern and coastal areas of China, there is high temperature and rain in July and August, which is the period of rice grain formation, does it have any impact on rice growth and fertilization?

Expert: Continuous high temperature and rainfall affect rice filling, and the grains are not full, resulting in the phenomenon of "high temperature forced ripening". This not only results in reduced yields, but also reduces the quality of rice.

Rainy days can also wash away fertilizer applied to rice paddies and cause pests and diseases. In this regard, it is suggested to take four countermeasures: first, spray foliar fertilizer several times in a row, one can cool down the rice, and the other can replace the lost nutrients.

the second is to strengthen water management, and prevent water from running out of the newly fertilized paddy fields; Drain the fields that may flood the rice in a timely manner; For fields that have been converted to dry farming after rice harvesting, ditches should be dredged to prevent water accumulation in the fields. The third is to strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases. Fourth, select rice varieties suitable for growth period.

In the double-cropping rice area, early rice should choose early or medium maturity early varieties, and late rice should be selected on the basis of timely and early sowing of the previous rice, so as to control the full heading period of early and late rice around the end of June and early September respectively, and avoid the high temperature and rainy weather in July and August.

Direct seeding rice has the growth characteristics of low tillering node, early tillering, developed root system, shallow root layer, early appearance and rapid decline in the peak tillering period, low panicle rate, large number of spikes and small number of grains per spike, etc., so it is necessary to increase the panicle rate and increase the number of grains per panicle to obtain higher yield. In cultivation, it is necessary to master the fertilization technology, through fertilizer and water adjustment, promote the deep rooting of the root system, consolidate the tillering, improve the panicle rate, and increase the number of grains per panicle, so as to obtain high yield.

Direct seeding cultivation and fertilization, to apply good basal fertilizer, tiller fertilizer and ear fertilizer: first of all, apply enough basal fertilizer, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer combined application, zinc deficiency paddy field to add zinc fertilizer: basal fertilizer to organic fertilizer, if organic fertilizer is insufficient, can also be chemical nitrogen fertilizer.

Nitrogen fertilizer accounts for 1 2 total nitrogen in basal fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer is used as basal fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer occupies 70%. Generally, about 15 tons of organic fertilizer, 375 450 kg of ammonium carbonate or 150 kg of urea, 375 450 kg of superphosphate, and 90 105 kg of potassium chloride are generally applied per hectare. Zinc-deficient fields should be applied once every 1 2 years, and 30 kg of zinc sulfate should be applied each time.

All nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc fertilizers should be mixed with a small amount of organic fertilizer and then applied, and the whole layer of fertilization should be implemented, and the land should be turned over with the application and tillage. Top dressing should master the principle of "early tillering and clever ear fertilizer". Tillering fertilizer is generally applied in two times, the first application of tillering fertilizer, and 60 75 kg of urea per hectare at about the three-leaf stage.

The second application of tillering fertilizer, 7 to 10 days after the first top dressing, applied 75 kg of urea per hectare. Early application of tillering fertilizer promotes early tillering and gives full play to the advantages of low tillering. Apply tillering fertilizer to ensure that early tillering does not cause fattening and death and smoothly becomes an ear, and does not reduce the panicle rate due to too many ineffective tillerers.

Spike fertilizer should be applied rationally depending on the sky, soil and seedlings. For the fields with low soil fertility and insufficient growth in the early stage, about 75 kg of urea per hectare can be applied 25 days before heading to promote the differentiation of spikelets and increase the number of spikelets. And with the application of 45 60 kg potassium chloride, it also plays a role in strengthening the stalk.

Every 7 10 days, about 75 kg of urea per hectare is applied as flower-preserving fertilizer, which can increase the number and weight of solid grains. For the fields with high soil fertility and vigorous growth in the early stage, no flower-promoting fertilizer should be applied, but flower-preserving fertilizer should be reapplied to achieve the purpose of preserving flowers and increasing grains. When applying ear fertilizer, it is necessary to consider the problem of lodging prevention, for the sake of safety, generally do not apply flowering fertilizer, even if it is applied, it should be appropriately postponed for a few days, and can not be applied about 30 days before the ear.

Grain fertilizer has the effect of raising roots and protecting leaves, improving seed setting rate and grain weight, but if it is not applied properly, it will cause greedy green and late maturity. It is safer to apply early and middle rice with high temperature at heading and filling stage, 45 60 kg of urea can be applied per hectare, and for late rice with a rapid temperature drop at heading and filling stage, nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea can be considered outside the root to improve grain weight and seed setting rate, and 3 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 15 kg of urea solution can be sprayed per hectare.

The fertilizer requirement is generally medium fertility fields, and the amount of rice field fertilizer (mu dosage) with a yield of about 500 kg per mu is 1000 2000 kg of rotting organic fertilizer, 8 12 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 5 6 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 4 8 kg of potassium fertilizer, and 1 2 kg of zinc sulfate is applied to zinc-deficient soil.

The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer (including green manure), which can be applied to the decaying organic fertilizer at a rate of 1000 2000 kg per mu, combined with dry harrowing; With chemical fertilizer, 12 15 kg of urea, 30 40 kg of calcium phosphate, 7 12 kg of potassium chloride (or equivalent content of compound fertilizer) are applied to the field per mu, and the whole layer is applied in combination with water preparation. In areas where straw returning is implemented, the amount of potassium fertilizer can be cut in half.

Top dressing rice field topdressing is still mainly nitrogen fertilizer, if the potassium supply in the base fertilizer is insufficient, potassium fertilizer should also be topdressed. Top dressing should be done: tiller fertilizer early and sufficient, ear fertilizer is stable, and grain fertilizer is light.

After tillering fertilizer transplanting to before tillering (after returning to green), generally early and middle rice in 5 days after transplanting, late rice in 3 days after transplanting, you can apply tillering fertilizer, apply urea 5 7 kg per mu, apply 3 5 kg potassium chloride per mu for fields with less organic fertilizer and potassium deficiency. For fields with insufficient fertilizer, apply again every 5 to 7 days. In addition, if zinc fertilizer is not applied to the basal fertilizer, foliar sprays can be carried out with an aqueous solution of 50 100 grams of zinc sulfate at the tillering stage.

Spike fertilizer ear fertilizer was applied at the early stage of jointing (after rehydration), and 2 3 kg of urea and 3 5 kg of potassium chloride were applied per mu. Before heading, look at the seedlings and then apply kilograms of urea as grain fertilizer. Attention should be paid to the application of foliar fertilizer in the later stage of high-yield and ultra-high-yield cultivated fields, such as foliar spraying with liquid fertilizer containing and containing selenium, which can enhance the disease resistance of rice, mature early, improve the taste and nutritional quality of rice, and increase the commodity value.

Foliar spraying of fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the full ear filling stage can prolong the survival rate of functional leaves in the late growth stage, accelerate the grain filling rate, reduce the empty grain rate, increase the 1000-grain weight, and also have a certain effect on the prevention of delayed chilling injury.