The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period and the Modern Era were extremely transfo

Political: The former changed from slavery to feudalism. The latter changed from feudalism to representative system, that is, democratic system.

Economic: Because productivity is mainly measured by the means of production, the former is the promotion of iron farming tools and cattle farming to promote the development of the feudal economy, while the latter is through the industrial revolution and scientific and technological revolution to develop the current market economy.

In terms of the legal system, the former gave rise to the idea of governing the country according to law, such as Li Kui's Fa Jing, Shang Ying's Qin Law, and so on, which were mainly used to restrict the people, while the latter's rule of law was used to protect the people's rights and interests.

Ideology and Culture: During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there was a cultural prosperity of a hundred schools of thought, and the latter broke through the shackles of feudal traditional ideas, and the ideas of democracy, freedom and equality were widely spread.

Political system: The former gradually evolved from a slave feudal system to a centralized system after the Qin Dynasty. The latter was transformed from a feudal landlord to a democratic republic.

Agrarian system: the former was transformed from serfdom to landlordism, while the latter was transformed from landlordism to private ownership of land.

Legal system: The former established the strategy of governing the country according to law after the unification of Qin, while the latter established the separation of powers and democratic autonomy on this basis.

Politics: The patriarchal system and the feudal system are declining, and the etiquette is falling apart Reform has arisen in various countries, the famous ones are: Guan Zhong Reform, Li Kui Reform Law, Shang Yang Reform Law (all Warring States Period) ** Centralization system, county system in various countries to implement the economy:

The development of the productive forces, the emergence of iron plough and ox ploughing, the state recognizes the private ownership of land, allows the free purchase and sale of land, the idea of a hundred schools of thought, and the pluralism of thought.

Politically: The nations are in conflict.

Internally, large countries merged small countries, and the Western Zhou Dynasty's "feudal state-building" system collapsed, gradually forming Qin's first-class centralized and unified system; Countries carry out reforms with the aim of enriching countries and strengthening their armies.

Economically: the use of iron agricultural tools for agricultural production, the emergence of ploughing techniques, the expansion of cultivated land, the purchase and sale of land, and the policy of rewarding farming, promoting the emergence of yeoman farmers and new landlords; Private handicrafts and commerce are active. The society presents a new situation of pursuing interests and competing for strength.

Culturally, there is a situation of a hundred schools of thought, among which the most influential are Confucianism, Legalism, and Taoism, leaving the most brilliant page in the history of ancient academic thought in China and even the world.

Introduction: During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the old system and the old ruling order were destroyed, the new system and the new ruling order were established, and the new class forces were growing. Hidden in this process and constituting this social change is the revolution of the productive forces characterized by iron.

The development of the productive forces eventually led to the reform movements of various countries and the establishment of the feudal system, and also led to the prosperity of ideology and culture.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were years of conquest and social turmoil, and drastic changes took place in various fields such as economy, politics, and culture. Therefore, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was a major period of social transformation in the ancient history of our country.

Politically and economically, reform and change the law; Hundreds of schools of thought contended in ideology and culture.

Set up counties directly under the central government, requisition the wilderness, and there is no class of education. . .

At that time, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period still knew etiquette, righteousness and shame.

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Politically: many countries competed for hegemony, the Zhou royal family declined, and local power strengthened The feudal system gradually collapsed, the slavery system gradually declined, and early feudalism sprouted, for example: the reform of the two countries of Qi and Lu, the economic basis of the slavery system The blow given by the Jingtian system was conducive to the development of the feudal landlord power During the Warring States Period, due to the increase in the power of the feudal landlords, the slavery system hindered the development of feudalism, and various countries carried out the reform movement, especially the Qin State Shang Ying's reform was the most thorough and the effect was the greatest. A dynasty in which the feudal landlord class held power was initially established

Economically: With the wide application of iron plough and ox ploughing, private land appeared, feudal landlords and peasants appeared, feudal forces gradually developed, and the level of productivity increased, laying a material foundation for the reform of laws in various countries

Ethnicity: The Chinese nation has gradually formed

In short, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period were an era of great social changes in China, and a period of transition from a slave society to a feudal society in China

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, with the popularization of iron tools and ox farming, production tools were improved and the level of productivity was improved, which would inevitably promote the progress of society; Coupled with the fact that the old social system is no longer adapted to the development of the new productive forces, social reform is necessary. So the development of the productive forces is the fundamental cause. There are two manifestations of the following two points: (1) Economy:

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the use of iron tools and the promotion of cattle ploughing marked a significant increase in social productivity. China's feudal economy has been further developed, especially in the north. The leap in the productive forces caused a revolution in the relations of production.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Ida system (Gongtian) was gradually replaced by feudal private ownership of land, and was finally established through the reform of laws in various countries.

2) Politics: During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the wars of the princes for hegemony destroyed the old order of slavery and brought disaster and suffering to the people. But the outcome of the war hastened the process of unification, promoted national integration, and accelerated the pace of change.

With the growth of the power of the new landlord class, they successively carried out reform movements in various vassal states, and a new feudal system was finally established. The most thorough change At the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, a storm of great social change was set off in the land of China.

In this devastating and unstoppable change, the old slave-owning class declined and a new landlord class arose; The old system of slavery and moral ethics was replaced by a new feudal system and ideology; Some peasants have gained more freedom, and profound changes have taken place in the relations of production in society. Class contradictions are acute and intense, annexation wars have continued year after year, and the whole society has presented a complicated situation of great turmoil and reorganization.

Hello! The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period are known as the "Age of Great Changes", mainly because of the collapse of slave society and the formation of feudal society.

The change in the political and military system refers to the beginning of Li Kui and Wu Qi's reform in the Wei State, and the highest peak of this era was the Shang Dynasty to the Qin State, and the Qin Xiaogong joined hands with the Shang Dynasty to change the law, which directly led to the strength of the Qin State, and then affected the hegemony pattern between the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period for more than two hundred years, so the political and military changes should mainly refer to the Shang Dynasty reform.

Clause.

1. Political factors. It was a time of great social change and social upheaval, and the kingdoms were in constant disarray. In order to achieve hegemony in the struggle, the monarchs of various countries vied with each other to recruit wise men and use different ideologies and theories to make their countries rich and strong.

This creates a relaxed academic atmosphere for hundreds of schools of thought to debate.

Clause. Second, it is an economic factor. At that time, the great economic development made some people an idle class, and they had time to engage in academic activities.

Clause. Third, it is a factor of science and technology. Science and technology such as astronomy, mathematics, optics, acoustics, mechanics, and medicine have made great progress. These scientific and technological achievements indicate the improvement of people's level of understanding and enrich people's spiritual world and material life.

Clause. Fourth, it is a cultural factor. At that time, the emperor was derelict in his duty to study in Shikoku, and as a result, the situation of "official learning" was broken, and the cultural and academic monopoly of the aristocracy spread to the lower strata of society, and then moved down to the people (this historical phenomenon is called "cultural downward shift"), resulting in "the prosperity of private learning".

Reasons for the main socio-economic changes: The development of the productive forces and the popularization of iron farming tools and ox farming are the main reasons for the major socio-economic changes.

。。During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, with the popularization of iron tools and ox farming, production tools were improved and the level of productivity was improved, which would inevitably promote the progress of society;

。。Coupled with the fact that the old social system is no longer adapted to the development of the new productive forces, social reform is necessary. So the development of the productive forces is the fundamental cause.

1. The development of agriculture.

1. The promotion of iron tools and cattle farming.

2. Progress in agricultural technology.

3. Dujiangyan.

2. The prosperity of handicrafts and commerce.

2. The prosperity of commerce and the city.

3. Shang Martingale Method:

1. Background. 2. Content.

3. Function.