What does a bat look like when it hibernates, and how its body temperature and pulse change

Bats located in warm regions do not hibernate, and bats in cold regions mostly hibernate to withstand harsh winters. During hibernation, the bat's body temperature drops to the same as the ambient temperature, and the pulse rate decreases, which is to reduce energy expenditure.

Bats hibernate. Bats have a habit of hibernating, and most of the hibernation places are in caves. During hibernation, the ability to metabolize is reduced, and breathing and heartbeat are only a few times per minute.

Blood flow slows down and body temperature decreases to match ambient temperature. However, the hibernation is not deep, and sometimes it will excrete and eat during the hibernation period, and it can return to normal immediately after waking up.

Bat species:Bats are one of the most widespread and evolutionary groups of mammals in the world. In addition to the Antarctic and Antarctic and the desert islands in the ocean, they use all kinds of terrestrial ecological environments on the earth.

The suborder of small bats is commonly known as bats, and there are 6 families, 26 genera, and 110 species in China. Most bats are insectivorous and carnivorous, and mainly use ultrasonic echolocation signals to search for food, detect distance, determine targets, avoid obstacles and avoid predators. Bats are truly flying mammals, and this evolutionary advantage allows them to take advantage of a completely new untapped niche in mammals.

Bats hibernate, because bats have no food during the winter months**, and hibernate to reduce their consumption. Hibernating bats generally put themselves into a deep state of sleep, sometimes for up to six months

During this time, the bat's energy** depends only on a few grams of fat stored in the bat's body. They reduce energy expenditure by lowering their body temperature and slowing down their metabolism, at which point their heartbeats drop to only 10 beats per minute.

A brief introduction to the rest of the bats. Bats that live in temperate zones spend much more time inactive than active in their lives, sleeping almost all day and part of the night in summer, and some species migrate like birds to the south for the winter when the weather is cold, and those that remain in place enter a long period of hibernation during the harsh winter.

Bats hibernate.

Bats have the habit of hibernation in winter, so bats will migrate to warm areas to spend the winter, and bats have a strong ability to fly and carry many viruses.

Bats migrate to warm areas like migratory birds during the winter, and do not receive fertilization during mating before hibernation, and return to normal immediately after waking up, and the mated female begins to ovulate and fertilize, and then becomes pregnant, gives birth, and sometimes excretes and eats during the winter.

The habits of bats.

The wings of bats evolved from their forelimbs in the process of evolution, and are composed of ** (wing membranes) connected between their slender claws; The snout of bats resembles that of a rodent or a fox. The outer ear protrudes forward, is large, and is very flexible in movement.

Bats have short necks, broad thorax and shoulders, well-developed breasts, and slender hips and legs. With the exception of the wing membrane, bats are covered in hairs all over their bodies and have different shades of gray, brownish-yellow, brown, or black on their backs, while their ventral sides are lighter in color. Most bats also have a keen auditory orientation (or echolocation) system that can send ultrasound waves through their throats and then use the ultrasound responses to orient and detect targets.

Hibernates, and bats usually spend the winter in their burrows. When it hibernates, its metabolic ability is reduced, breathing and heartbeat are only a few times per minute, blood flow slows down, and its body temperature is lowered to the same as the ambient temperature, but it does not hibernate deeply, and sometimes excretes and eats during hibernation, and can return to normal immediately after waking up.

The body temperature of bats varies greatly, up to 56 (due to the fact that some large fruit eaters have a relatively constant body temperature due to their different physiological and behavioral characteristics, while the vast majority of small insectivorous bats are typical isotherms).

It has been observed that bats living in temperate zones spend much more time inactive than active in their lives, sleeping almost all day and part of the night in summer, and some species when the weather is cold, like birds, carry out long-distance seasonal migrations to the south to spend the winter, and those that remain in place enter a long period of hibernation during the harsh winter.

According to incomplete statistics, the big-eared bats and northern brown bats that inhabit the vicinity of Leningrad spend only 1 15 1 20 of their active time in their lifetime, and the rest of the time they sleep (Kugakin, 1959). When the ambient temperature reaches 16 28, the bat is in a deep sleep state, and the physiological function of the sleeping bat slows down and the metabolism decreases. Due to low metabolic consumption, some bats have a longer lifespan.

The evolution of bats

The earliest known bat fossil is the 50-million-year-old index finger Ishen bat, which was found in Wyoming, USA. More complete fossilized bats were later found in the bed of Lake Maisel in Germany, which date back to the Eocene epoch and contain fossilized insects in their stomachs.

Many of these early bats resemble existing suborders of small bats, making it difficult to reproduce their early stages of evolution, but the structure of their cochlea (inner ear) suggests that they almost certainly used echolocation. The earliest fossils similar to the suborder Great Bat date back to about 35 million years ago.

The body temperature of bats is generally 36 degrees Celsius during the day, but it can reach about 40 degrees Celsius at night.

It is for this reason that the virus in the bat's body has adapted to this capricious body temperature. So when the virus spreads from bats to other animals, it can easily resist the high temperatures caused by the immune system, so it is very difficult for humans to be infected with this virus**.

Bats also spread the virus in a variety of ways, some of which are transmitted to humans through glandular secretions and excretions. There are also a small number of vampire bats that will directly attack humans, causing human infections. However, bats rarely transmit the virus directly to humans, and they are transmitted by other animals.

So we must not eat wild animals, which may be the intermediate hosts of these disease-causing viruses.

Bats maintain a body temperature of 41 degrees Celsius to enhance their metabolism, and it is important to maintain a higher temperature because bats mostly live in cold and humid places. Good for the bats themselves.

High body temperature can increase one's resistance to viruses, and most viruses are not heat-resistant, so one's own high body temperature can protect against viruses.

In this way, he can resist some viruses, enhance his immunity, and be able to coexist with the virus for a long time, without being infected by the virus and dying.

Such high temperatures are beneficial to him, because ordinary viruses cannot survive at such high temperatures, and they can be protected against viruses.

Bats that live in temperate zones spend much more time inactive than active in their lives, sleeping almost all day and part of the night in summer, and some species migrate like birds to the south for the winter when the weather is cold, and those that remain in place enter a long period of hibernation during the harsh winter.

According to incomplete statistics, inhabited in Leningrad.

The nearby big-eared bats and northern brown bats spend only 1 15 1 20 of their active time in their lifetimes and sleep the rest of the time.

Socialization of bats:

Bats also talk, and some social signals can be used to attract mates, defend food, summon their own kind, and repel some predators.

Animals of bats. These signals are usually emitted at very low frequencies, so these sounds can travel long distances.

At the same time, these sounds will also vary depending on the sounding bat, for example, a young bat will send a "lonely signal" after being separated from the female bat, and the mother bat will quickly distinguish whether it is her own cub according to the different vocalizations. In addition, many small bats are also sensitive to the frequency of the echoes that they often use.