What causes sudden deafness?

Tinnitus is an unformed abnormal acoustic hallucination in the ear or skull in the absence of an external sound source. This sound sensation can be one or more and lasts for a certain amount of time.

Tinnitus is not a disease in itself, it is a symptom of some diseases. People can have physiological tinnitus, and when the tinnitus exceeds the physiological limit, it becomes symptomatic tinnitus.

Patients with hearing loss often have tinnitus, which is often a symptom of a disorder or disorder of the hearing system.

Vascular disease.

Vascular disease most commonly causes pulsatile tinnitus. For example, the arteries near the temporal part of the ear may transmit the sound of turbulent blood, and the carotid artery system is also a common sound**. Patients with benign intracranial hypertension, sigmoid diverticulum, or significant jugular bulb may hear venous humming.

Tinnitus caused by hearing loss.

Hearing loss associated with ageing, known as presbycusis, usually begins around the age of 60.

Long-term exposure to high-decibel noise, or prolonged exposure to noisy environments, can also damage a person's auditory system and lead to hearing loss, such as large entertainment events or violent chainsaws.

In the case of hearing loss, the brain is unable to accept certain frequencies of sound and the brain begins to adapt, and tinnitus may be a way for the brain to fill this gap.

Middle ear blockage or Eustachian tube dysfunction.

Blockage of the ear canal can lead to increased pressure in the inner ear, affecting the function of the eardrum. For example, excessive earwax, middle ear effusion, etc. The Eustachian tubes are abnormally open and can cause tinnitus that resembles the roar of the ocean, and the frequency is synchronized with breathing.

Head and neck trauma.

Severe trauma to the head or neck can damage nerves, blood flow and muscles, causing tinnitus. This tinnitus symptom tends to be severe.

Temporomandibular joint disorders.

The temporomandibular joint, which connects the mandible to the skull, is located at the front of the ear and controls movements such as opening, closing, or chewing.

Damage to the muscles, ligaments, articular cartilage in the temporomandibular joint, can cause tinnitus symptoms because it is adjacent to the auditory system and shares part of the ligaments and nerves with the middle ear. In this type of tinnitus, patients may also feel jaw pain or have limited jaw movement; When chewing or speaking, there are fricatives.

It is a sudden onset of sensory deafness of unknown cause. The general causes of sudden deafness include: 1. Viral infection is the most common cause of this disease; 2. Vascular lesions cause microcirculation disorders in the inner ear and cause protrusions.

1. Other possible factors:

1. People who are exposed to cold, heat, anxiety, mental tension, excessive fatigue, etc., can cause autonomic nerve dysfunction and inner ear vasospasm;

2. Smoking and drinking; Viral infections can affect the microcirculation of the inner ear and cause damage to the inner ear;

3. In patients with low blood pressure, low blood pressure can lead to insufficient blood supply to the inner ear;

4. Patients with hypothyroidism can cause hydropsis in the membranous labyrinth;

5. Middle-aged and elderly people, with arteriosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, are prone to inner ear vascular thrombosis or embolism.

2. Factors confirmed by current authoritative evidence:

1. Memembranous labyrinthine hydropharma: due to autonomic nerve dysfunction, such as mood swings, mental tension, excessive fatigue, etc., resulting in microcirculation disorders in the inner ear, resulting in hydrops, which will also affect the function of the inner ear and cause hearing loss.

2. Inner ear blood supply disorder: The main function of the inner ear is auditory function and balance function, and the blood ** comes from the labyrinth artery. When there is spasm, thrombosis or embolism in the labyrinth artery, the patient's hearing and balance function will be affected to varying degrees, resulting in symptoms such as hearing loss and vertigo.

Cover News Reporter Ning Zhi.

Recently, 40-year-old Mr. Xie came to the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of 363 Hospital for an examination, and the results of the examination came out, and the doctor told him that he was suffering from sudden deafness.

Mr. Xie said that after he woke up in the morning, he suddenly felt dizzy and his ears were still ringing, thinking that it would be good to rest for two days, but after a few days, the symptoms not only did not ease but became more and more serious, and he could hardly hear a sound, so he rushed to the hospital for examination.

The doctor inquired and learned that recently, Mr. Xie has been working overtime for a long time, his psychological pressure has increased, and he has not slept well at night, "It may be that he is overworked and has poor sleep quality, which causes the body's immune function and other functions to decrease, resulting in sudden deafness." ”

Wang Ke, attending physician of the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, 363 Hospital.

According to Wang Ke, attending physician of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of 363 Hospital, sudden deafness refers to the sudden occurrence of sensorineural hearing loss of unknown cause, referred to as sudden deafness. Its clinical characteristics are that in the absence of obvious reasons, the sudden occurrence of significant hearing loss, and most of the hearing in a few minutes, a few hours to the lowest point, some patients may be accompanied by tinnitus, dizziness, vomiting and other symptoms.

Common predisposing factors for sudden deafness include: a history of colds and colds; Overwork can easily cause a decrease in the body's immune function and other functions; Mental depression, anxiety, emotional agitation, etc., make blood vessel dysfunction or microcirculation disorders in some important parts of the body lead to sudden deafness.

After being hospitalized for a week, Mr. Xie's hearing gradually recovered, the tinnitus and dizziness disappeared, and he went home to recuperate. Wang Ke told reporters that the earlier the sudden deafness, the better the effect, "the best effect within 3 days of the onset of the disease, if it has been delayed, it will cause serious damage to hearing, and serious hearing loss may occur within a few days, and even hearing loss, resulting in complete deafness." ”

Sudden deafness occurs mostly in people aged 20-40, and men and women have equal opportunities. However, patients with sudden deafness due to blood flow disorders are more common in older people.

Although occupation has little to do with the onset of the disease, mental workers have a tendency to have multiple occurrences, which may be related to the rapid changes in the inner ear circulation caused by nervous tension caused by mental impulses.

Exposure to cold, heat, fatigue, agitation, allergies and endocrine disorders can all lead to disorders of inner ear circulation, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the inner ear and hearing loss. In addition, arteriosclerosis and thrombosis can also cause blood circulation disorders in the inner ear.

Viral infections that cause sudden deafness are common such as influenza, mumps, shingles, etc., and sometimes can cause sudden deafness even though there are no obvious symptoms such as general fever and headache.

Some metabolic disorders and hematologic diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism, and increased serum viscosity can also cause sudden deafness.

There are three main manifestations of sudden deafness, the first is hearing loss, most of which occur in one ear, and the degree of deafness varies from severity to severity, and it is rare for people who are completely deaf. Secondly, patients often have a sense of blockage or fullness in the ear, and 70% of patients are accompanied by tinnitus, which mostly occurs at the same time as deafness, and the degree of tinnitus is generally severe, which mostly affects the patient's rest and sleep. Vertigo is another symptom of the disease, about 37%-68% of patients have this symptom, and severe vertigo may have nausea and vomiting.

A small number of patients may also have symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection such as headache and low-grade fever.

Sudden deafness mostly appears in middle-aged and elderly people, sensory deafness occurs in an instant, the onset time is usually within 24 hours, deafness is the peak of symptoms, usually monocral, the reason is mostly stress, chaotic work and rest time, noise impact, viral infection, etc., mainly manifested as unilateral deafness, and then tinnitus, some patients are accompanied by different degrees of vertigo, it is recommended to follow a professional doctor. Sudden deafness is mostly caused by insufficient blood supply to the brain, so when you want to do the best, you must first go to the hospital for a comprehensive brain examination, and then find a professional doctor to treat the symptoms according to the specific examination results. The soonest possible **is the most important, as soon as possible**, the greater the odds.

First, the age factor, due to the increase of age, the function of various organs of the body will gradually weaken, and the same is true for the hearing organs.

Second, the pressure is increasing, and the pressure of rapid social development is also increasing.

Third, the impact of noise, noise is an important aspect of deafness. If you work and live in a high-decibel noise environment for a long time, the chance of sudden deafness increases. Fourth, genetic factors, the average person's deafness is caused by genetic factors, although they may hear the outside world at the beginning, most people will lose their hearing in the later stage.

Sudden deafness is a common disease in otolaryngology, and it is a kind of acute neural hearing loss. Most of them develop within a few hours to 72 hours, causing sudden hearing loss, usually accompanied by tinnitus, and a few are accompanied by severe dizziness, nausea and vomiting.

The cause and pathogenesis of sudden deafness are not clear, and it is mostly thought to be related to viral infection.

Neoplastic lesions, autoimmune diseases, drug poisoning.

Factors such as inner ear ischemia are related. Psychiatric and psychological factors are considered to be common triggers.

Sudden hearing loss refers to the sudden onset of sensorineural hearing loss, so it is also called sudden ** tone neural hearing loss. It can be caused by a variety of different conditions, but in most patients** is unknown.

Possible infectious factors are viral infections: viral neuritis or cochleitis is thought to be the most common cause of sudden deafness. Sudden deafness has been reported in patients with syphilis and AIDS, and some of them** may be cytomegalovirus infection.

Tumors or neoplasias, about 10 percent of patients with acoustic neuroma present with sudden deafness. Head trauma and rupture of the window membrane. Drug intoxication.

Autoimmune reactions: many patients with autoimmune diseases such as Cogan syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, temporal arteritis, and arteritis multinodosum have sensorineural hearing loss. Suggestive autoimmune response factors may be involved in sudden deafness.

Inner ear blood supply disorders: microembolic foci of the cerebellum due to embolization of the anterior inferior or posterior inferior cerebellar arteries, which may present with symptoms similar to labyrinthitis. Patients with congenital developmental anomalies, idiopathic disorders, some Meniere's disease, multiple sclerosis, and sarcoidosis may present with sudden deafness.

Psychosocial factors can also cause sudden deafness. The main symptom is sudden hearing loss, which may be accompanied by vertigo, tinnitus, numbness around the ears, etc.

Sudden onset of deafness is more common with unilateral onset. It is thought to be related to a disorder of blood supply to the inner ear or a viral infection. The sooner the deafness**, the better, and the better the effect in the early stage. If you can't, you will need to wear hearing aids or cochlear implants in the later stage.

The theory of sudden deafness is generally unknown, and many acrylic elements may cause sudden deafness, which is currently widely recognized mainly by the theory of viral infection, circulatory disorders, autoimmunity and membrane labyrinth rupture.

Sudden deafness is the onset of deafness symptoms over a short period of time, usually within a few hours, but at most a few days to stabilize. The exact cause of this is not fully understood, but the following factors may be related to its occurrence:

1.Circulatory problems: Sudden deafness can be associated with circulatory problems, such as a sudden drop in blood pressure, platelet aggregation, etc. These problems can lead to a lack of oxygen to the cochlea or ischemia of the auditory nerve, causing deafness.

2.Otitis media or other infections: Otitis media or other infections can cause sudden deafness, hearing loss due to inflammation or infection of the ear canal and eardrum.

3.Noise and trauma: Sudden deafness may also be associated with loud noises or trauma, such as gunshots, noises, tearing and slippery eardrums, etc., which may damage the auditory nerve of the ear and lead to deafness.

4.Medications: Certain medications, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics and chemotherapy drugs, can cause sudden deafness, which may affect the wide plexus function of the cochlea or auditory nerve.

Sudden deafness is an acute hearing loss that needs to be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible, and effective measures should be taken in time to improve the chance of recovery.

Sudden hearing loss is an unexplained, sudden, sensorineural hearing loss that usually reaches its lowest point within minutes, hours, or a day. Some patients have hearing loss to very severe or even total deafness within 72 hours. Sudden deafness can be caused by many different causes, but most** are unknown.

At present, there are various theories about sudden deafness, which are believed to be related to various infections and tumors. It may also be related to the rupture of the cranial and inner ear window membranes, drug toxicity, autoimmune reactions, and inner ear blood supply disorders. It may also be related to idiopathic diseases and mental and psychological factors, once sudden deafness occurs, it is necessary to go to the otolaryngology department as soon as possible**.

Which statement do you find more convincing?

In fact, there is truth to both claims. The decline in PepsiCo** has made the consumer situation better. If Pepsi and pizza are normal items, the consumer will use the increase in his purchasing power for both items.

This revenue effect tends to make consumers buy more pizza and more Pepsi. But at the same time, the consumption of Pepsi has become cheaper relative to the consumption of pizza. This substitution effect has led consumers to choose more Pepsi and less pizza.

Now consider the end result of these two effects. Consumers are definitely buying more PepsiCo because both the income and the substitution effect increase PepsiCo purchases. But whether consumers buy more pizza is difficult to determine, because income and substitution effects work in opposite directions.

This conclusion is summarized in Table 21-2.

We can use the indifference curve to explain the income versus substitution effect. The income effect is the change in consumption caused by the shift to a higher indifference curve. The substitution effect is the change in consumption caused by a point on the indifference curve with different marginal substitution rates.

Figure 21-10 graphically illustrates how changes in consumer decision-making can be broken down into income effects and substitution effects. When PepsiCo's ** drops, consumers move from the original optimal point A to the new optimal point C. We can think of this change as a two-step process.

First, the consumer follows the initial indifference curve i1, moving from point A to point B. At both points, consumers are equally happy, but at point B, the marginal rate of substitution reflects the new relative**. Second, the consumer moves to a higher indifference curve i2, moving from point B to point C.

Although points b and c are on different indifference curves, they have the same marginal rate of substitution. This means that the slope of the indifference curve i1 at point b is equal to the slope of the indifference curve i2 at point c.