What could be caused by the aurora? Where can I see the aurora?

Auroras are caused by molecules or atoms in the upper atmosphere caused by the flow of high-energy charged particles from the Earth's magnetosphere or the Sun. It usually appears above the region of latitude near the Earth's magnetic poles and is usually banded, arc-shaped, screen-shaped, and radial. These shapes are sometimes stable and sometimes change continuously.

Auroras have three conditions: atmosphere, magnetic field, and high-energy charged particles, which are essential. Auroras occur not only on Earth, but also on other magnetic planets in the solar system.

The aurora is not only an optical phenomenon, but also a radio phenomenon that can be detected and studied with radar. It also emits certain radio waves, which directly affect many practical engineering projects such as radio communications, long cable communications, and long pipelines and power transmission lines. In addition to this, the aurora can even affect the climate and affect biological processesWhen the aurora first appears in the night sky, one sees a uniform arc of light of moderate brightness stretching across the sky in a straight line or slightly curved shape (hundreds or even thousands of kilometers in length, more than 10 kilometers or tens of kilometers wide).

The upper end of the arc is generally about 950 kilometers above the ground, while the lower end is about 100 kilometers above the ground.

It sweeps back and forth at speeds of tens of kilometers per second, and its altitude can increase up to 1,000 times in just a few minutes. The aurora will have a serious impact on communication and transportation, it can interfere with the ionosphere and affect the propagation of short-wave radio signals. Under the influence of the strong activity of the Aurora, taxi drivers as far away as Alaska in the United States were able to receive orders from dispatchers in New Jersey in the eastern part of the homeland.

The constant change of the aurora may also cause induced currents to be generated in slender conductors such as ** lines, oil pipelines and power lines, which can cause serious corrosion of oil pipelines.

In 1972, a 230,000-volt transformer in Colombia was blown up when a high-voltage power line from Maine to Texas tripped. All these emergency "masterminds" of the criminals, this is a peculiar and magnificent aurora. For thousands of years, people have been studying and searching for the real cause of the formation of the aurora.

Someone observed this strange scene a long time ago, but no one has been able to give a complete explanation in scientific terms.

Auroras are produced by the excitation of molecules or atoms in the upper atmosphere by a stream of high-energy charged particles from the Earth's magnetosphere or the Sun, and appear over regions near the geomagnetic poles at latitudes. 1.Alaska, USA-, 2

Greenland-Kangelluswak, 3Norway - Tromsø, 4Finland - Muonio.

The aurora phenomenon can be seen in these places.

The Northern Lights are a brilliant luminous phenomenon that appears over the high magnetic latitudes of the planet's north pole, produced by the excitation (or ionization) of molecules or atoms in the upper atmosphere by a stream of high-energy charged particles (solar wind) from the Earth's magnetosphere or the Sun. In China, there is a place called Arctic Village in Mohe, Heilongjiang Province, which is the only place in China where you can see the aurora and the polar day.

It can occur at the poles of the earth or around the solar system, because the magnetic field capacity in the vicinity is very large, which is a phenomenon that occurs, generally in the south pole and the north pole.

Aurora is a visual effect produced when the Earth's magnetic field interacts with charged particles, usually in the area around the Earth's magnetic poles. The Earth's magnetic field directs the charged particles brought by the solar wind to the Earth's poles, and these charged particles collide with the gas molecules in the Earth's atmosphere, putting the gas molecules in an excited state, and when they return to a stable state, they release light energy, thus forming the aurora.

Auroras occur mainly around the Earth's magnetic poles, including the Arctic and Antarctic regions. In China, due to the geographical location, the aurora rarely appears, and it is only possible to see it on the mountains or plateaus in remote areas such as Qinghai and Xinjiang when the aurora activity is particularly strong, but the probability of occurrence is very low, and it requires luck and some conditions. Also, if you want to see the aurora up close, you can head to countries like Finland, Sweden, Norway, and other countries in Northern Europe, where the northern regions are one of the best places to see the aurora.

To see the Northern Lights, the following conditions need to be met:

1.Night: Auroras occur mainly at night and early in the morning, as the sunlight is too strong to be observed during the day.

2.Polar regions: Auroras will only appear near the North Pole of the Earth, so you need to travel to the Arctic Circle or the Antarctic Circle to have a chance to observe them.

3.Dark Night: During the time period when the aurora may appear, the sky needs to be dark enough, so it is best to choose a night observation when there is no moon or the moon is not too bright.

4.Sunny: The weather must be clear, with no clouds or rain or snow blocking it in order to observe the auroras.

5.Low light pollution: Stay away from cities or lighting facilities to avoid light pollution interfering with observations.

6.Active Sun: The appearance of auroras is produced by the interaction of charged particles of the sun with gases in the Earth's atmosphere, thus requiring active solar activity.

8.No light pollution: There should not be any strong lights in the surrounding environment at night, as light pollution can interfere with the view of the aurora.

9.Patience: Even though it is possible to see the aurora, it does not necessarily appear in an instant, so you need to be patient.

10.Professional equipment: Aurora shooting requires a certain amount of professional photography equipment and knowledge, as well as sufficient understanding and mastery of photography techniques.

Auroras are natural phenomena formed by the interaction of the solar wind with the Earth's magnetic field. When the charged particles in the solar wind enter the earth's magnetosphere, they collide with molecules such as oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere, so that the atoms and molecules in the molecules are in an excited state.

Due to the nature of the Earth's magnetic field, auroras mainly occur in the region around the Earth's magnetic poles, i.e., the polar regions of the North and South Poles. In addition, aurora may also occur at high latitudes, such as North America, Europe, northern Asia, southern Australia, and the South Island of New Zealand.

In China, due to its geographical location, the main areas for observing the aurora are the Daxinganling region of Heilongjiang Province and the Ili region of Xinjiang, which are close to the North Pole. In addition, some high-latitude areas such as Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and other places also occasionally have auroras.

1. The principle of aurora formation.

Aurora is a natural light phenomenon produced by the interaction of charged particles (solar wind) in solar activity with the earth's magnetic field, mainly the light emitted by gas molecules excited by the impact of high-energy electrons and ions. After the charged particles of the solar wind enter the earth's magnetic field, they will be guided by the magnetic field into the ionosphere near the earth's poles, where they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere, releasing energy to form auroras.

2. Areas in China that are prone to auroras.

Due to the low geographical latitude of our country, it is generally not easy to have auroras. However, during periods of extreme solar activity, the aurora phenomenon can sometimes occur. In China, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and other provinces near the Arctic Circle, as well as southern Tibet near the Antarctic Circle, are areas that are more prone to auroras.

3. The color and shape of the aurora.

The color and shape of the aurora will vary depending on factors such as the type of gas molecule, energy, height, etc. In general, the green aurora is the light emitted by oxygen molecules being excited at an altitude of 80-200 km; The red aurora is emitted by the excitation of a low oxygen molecule; Purple and blue aurora light comes from the luminescence of nitrogen molecules. The shape of the aurora is also very diverse, including arcs, rays, bands, strips, etc.

4. The best time and place to watch the Northern Lights.

In order to see the Northern Lights, it is best to choose an area with a high geographical latitude, a strong magnetic field, and a clear and cloudless night. Recommended viewing locations include the Arctic Circle in Norway, Sweden, Finland, Canada, Iceland and other countries, as well as tourist bases in Antarctica. In China, limited aurora phenomena can also be seen in areas such as Mohe and Arctic Village near Heilongjiang Province.

Auroras are formed by the interaction of charged particles of the sun with gases in the Earth's atmosphere. Electrons and protons are constantly erupted and released on the surface of the sun, and these particles will travel through space with the solar wind into the Earth's magnetic field and follow the magnetic field lines into the Earth's atmosphere. When these ionized particles collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere, they release energy, producing a dazzling glow that forms the aurora.

China's Arctic region is an excellent place to observe and photograph the aurora, especially the Great Wall Station and Polar Research Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the Arctic. In addition, in China's northwest region, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and other places, there are also auroras, but compared with the Arctic region, the frequency and intensity of the occurrence are lower. Missing Correct.

On April 24, 2023, a stunning scene appeared in the sky in the Altay region of Xinjiang: brilliant aurora lights flashed in the night sky, showing many colors such as red, purple and green. This is the first time that the aurora has been photographed in Xinjiang, China, and it is also a wonderful phenomenon brought about by the strongest geomagnetic storm since the 25th solar activity week.

It is reported that the appearance of the aurora was triggered by the solar and heliospheric observatory (SOHO satellite) monitoring a total halocoronal mass ejection (CME) of a concomitant solar flare at 2 a.m. on the 22nd. CME is a manifestation of solar activity, which is a process in which a large amount of high-temperature plasma is ejected from the surface of the sun and diffuses outward at high speed. When the CME meets the Earth's magnetic field, a geomagnetic storm is generated, which results in the formation of auroras in mid- to high-latitude regions.

Zhu Jin, a researcher at the Beijing Planetarium, said that when the sun is active, it is possible to see the aurora in the middle and high latitudes. The geomagnetic storm event is expected to last for about one day, so there is a chance to see the gorgeous aurora in Xinjiang, Europe, North America and other regions. Science blogger @jeff's Starry Sky Journey photographed the aurora in Xinjiang and shared it on Weibo **and**.

He said that this was the first time he had seen the aurora in China, and he was very excited and lucky. He also introduced the skills and precautions for shooting the aurora, hoping to give some reference to netizens who like astrophotography. According to the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center, from 2 a.m. to 8 a.m. Beijing time today (April 24), a geomagnetic storm occurred in the Special Rock Shed Bureau.

The geomagnetic storm triggered a brilliant aurora in Karamay, Xinjiang, and could potentially lower the orbit of one of the meteorological satellites, Fengyun-3G, by about 560 meters. The geomagnetic storm was triggered by a "shock wave" generated by the Sun, which was produced by a combination of high-velocity coronal currents and coronal mass ejections.

The reasons for the formation of the aurora are as follows:

Aurora is formed by the interaction with the earth's atmospheric particles near the two levels of the magnetic field when the solar wind blows over the earth, affected by the earth's magnetic field, and deflected by the path.

That is to say, this explanation includes the solar wind, the geomagnetic field, and the interaction of particles, which is normal for people in the past, and it is normal not to explain the aurora, after all, even the theory of the sun's nuclear fusion process, scientists have only understood it in the 40s of the last century, in fact, through the introduction of the next few paragraphs, you will find that even now, there is still no good explanation for a considerable number of physical phenomena.

Causes

The sun is the core of the entire solar system, whether in terms of mass proportion, or energy release, etc., the sun is definitely the boss, and the structure of the sun can be roughly divided into two parts, one is the inner layer, including the core area, the radiation area, the convection area, and the outer layer refers to the part of the solar atmosphere, which is divided into photosphere, chromosphere, and corona.

The outermost corona is the place where the solar wind is formed, the so-called solar wind is the high-speed charged particle flow that the sun shoots out to the surrounding space, and the composition of the solar wind is also dominated by hydrogen and helium nuclei, the most significant feature is that the speed of the solar wind is 200 to 800 kilometers per second, for us on the earth, the whole speed is indeed amazing, but it is not surprising to think that this is produced by the sun with a mass of 330,000 times that of the earth.

Auroras are formed because of the sun's stream of charged particles (solar wind) entering the earth's magnetic field, and the brilliant and beautiful brilliance appears at night in the high altitude near the north and south poles of the earth.

Aurora is a colorful plasma phenomenon. Auroras are formed because of the sun's stream of charged particles (solar wind) entering the earth's magnetic field, and the brilliant and beautiful brilliance appears at night in the high altitude near the north and south poles of the earth. It is known as the Southern Lights at the South Pole and the Northern Lights at the North Pole.

Earth's aurora is produced by the excitation (or ionization) of molecules or atoms in the upper atmosphere by a stream of high-energy charged particles (solar wind) from the Earth's magnetosphere or the Sun.

Auroras often appear in the sky above the geomagnetic poles at latitudes, and are banded, arc-shaped, curtain wheel nucleus, and radial like a random excavation, and these shapes are sometimes stable and sometimes change continuously. There are three conditions for the formation of auroras: the atmosphere, the magnetic field, and high-energy charged particles.

Aurora form

Auroras are light phenomena caused by electric bursts at an altitude of 80,500 km. The powerful magnetic field composed of the Earth's "magnetic south pole" and "magnetic north pole" is an arc-shaped magnetic field line that moves to the poles in a spiral motion, causing some celery gases in the atmosphere above the polar region to glow.

According to the study of the distribution of auroras, the shape of the auroral region is not a ring centered on the geomagnetic pole, but an oval shape. The spectral line range of the aurora is about 3100 6700 angstroms, of which the most important spectral line is the 5577 angstroms oxygen atom green line, which is called the aurora green line. Most auroras occur 90-130 kilometers above the Earth.

In 1959, a Northern Lights measured at an altitude of 160 kilometers and a width of more than 4,800 kilometers. But some aurora lights are much higher, reaching heights of more than 560-1000 kilometers.

The above content refers to Encyclopedia - Aurora.