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1) Agricultural control. After the peanut is harvested, it is necessary to remove the diseased and disabled tissues in the field as much as possible, plough in time, and implement crop rotation.
2) Pharmaceutical prevention and control. In the early stage of the disease, 75% chlorothalonil 500 800 times liquid, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800 1000 times liquid, sprayed once every 15 days or so, a total of 2 3 times, has a better effect of disease prevention and yield increase.
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For the damage of peanut leaf spot, it is recommended to use 600 times of 80% mancozeb wettable powder or 1000 times of 25% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate or 1000 times of 40% flusilazole emulsifiable concentrate or 600-800 times of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder in the early stage of the disease. Take the medication once every 10 days or so, and take it 2-3 times in a row.
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Banana crested net bug is also known as banana net bug, banana flower net bug, bright crown net bug. Adults and nymphs inhabit the back of banana leaves, and the affected parts show many small brownish-black spots, while the front of the leaves show white spots, and the leaves premature decay and wilt. Viral disease transmission has also been reported.
Crested netbugs belong to the order Hemiptera, the family of networms. It is distributed in banana areas all over the country. In some banana areas, 6 or 7 generations occurred every year, and the generations overlapped, and there was no obvious overwintering dormancy.
Adults lay eggs in the mesophyll tissue on the dorsal surface of the leaf, often in piles of 10 20 grains each, and are covered with purple gelatinous substance for protection. Adults prefer to feed and lay eggs on the top of 1 3 young leaves on the top of banana plants.
Control method: Spray insecticides during the nymph blooming period. 50% dichlorvos emulsion 1500 times, 40% dimethoate emulsion 1000 times, 90% trichlorfon 1000 times liquid, etc., all have good control effects.
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Peanut leaf spot includes brown spot and black spot and often occurs in combination. The prevention and treatment of leaf spot disease is best treated with medication at the beginning of the disease. It can be controlled with benzethermethyl 1653 cycloazole, tebuconazole, benzoxystrobin, prochlorazine manganese salt and other agents plus organosilicon spray.
Pay attention to alternate medications, spray again every 5-7 days, and spray 2-3 times in a row.
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There are two kinds of peanut leaf spot disease, brown spot and black spot, leaf spot disease is mainly harmful to leaves, reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis, causes early defoliation and affects the accumulation of nutrients, generally can reduce the yield by 4% 15%, and can reach more than 30% in severe cases. The prevention and control of peanut leaf spot disease can mainly start from the prevention and control of pesticides, Syngenta's Mei Tian is the latest medicine, which has a very good prevention and control effect on peanut leaf spot disease, and the protection of leaves is very good.
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Peanut leaf spot disease is well controlled with propiconazole. The specific drugs for peanut leaf spot disease include benzpropiconazole, difenoconazole strobin, tebuconazole carbendazim, pyraclostrobin dysenlian, thiamethox, spring thunder king copper, copper hydroxide, etc. Foliar sprays can be applied every 7-10 days after the onset of the disease, and 2-3 consecutive applications can control the onset of the disease.
Peanut leaf spot is divided into peanut black spot leaf spot and peanut brown spot leaf spot, which is a disease that occurs in peanuts caused by Cercospora globae and Cercospora peanis, respectively.
Leaf spots are mainly on the front and back sides of the leaf, round or nearly round, millimeters in size, and the lesions expand and fuse into large irregular plaques. The petioles, stems, and flower axes2 are infected, and the lesions are linear or oval, dark brown to black-brown, sometimes with a light yellow water-stained halo on the periphery.
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Peanut brown spot is not purely a pest and disease, it is divided into:Brown spot, brown spot and net spot. It is mainly to damage the leaf stem of peanut kernels, once the peanut kernels are affected, it will cause the leaves to fall off, which seriously endangers the production and quality of peanut kernels, which is one of the main factors restricting peanut production. More serious peanut fields can lead to a 40 percent yield limit.
Despite the brown spot disease showingThere are many types, but comprehensive prevention and control are also needed in prevention, <>
before the actual effect occurs. First of all, it is necessary to use the improved varieties of peanut kernels, especially some varieties that resist the ability to work, and it is proposed that the application of peanut seeds should not be kept for the problem of Tian Kuai, or the planting of alternate species in alternate years, so as to prevent the decline of disease resistance caused by a single variety. Second, it is necessary to strengthen cultivation technology.
Conditional fields can be planted in 2 years with a stubble rotation, especially in the rotation with soybeans and buds, and the actual effect will be stronger. Rational application of chemical fertilizers, should prevent the use of compound fertilizers with high nitrogen, with three 15 balanced fertilizers and 16-14-15 secret recipes are more effective, to spray leaf fertilizer under appropriate circumstances, <>
In particular, the peanut kernel three-time medicine that is in the market demand at this stage can have the effect of preventing brown spot disease and improving the disease resistance of peanut kernel, so as to increase the yield. Most of the pests and diseases were impregnated in the second half of peanut kernels, which was related to disease resistance in the early seedling stage. Yellow leaves are more susceptible to brown spot than new shoots.
So how to prevent brown spot on peanut kernel leaves? When the peanuts are harvested, the dead branches and leaves are eliminated immediately to reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria. The method of seed dressing is used to prevent diseases at the seedling stage.
For the early flowering stage of peanut kernels, the Qi needle stage, and the Pengda stage, the drug is taken. In the early flowering period it is critical to prevent youngSeedling pests and diseases, benzene can be used. Azoxystrobin is carried out to prevent, and with molybdenum fertilizer to promote rhizome nitrogen-fixing bacteria, it is best to add another bag of brassinolide to adjust the growth and development.
In the peanut kernel needle stage and fruit expansion stage, pyraclostrobin can be selected to carry out the prevention of brown spot disease, and it is best to mix tebuconazole or fluconazole, which can play the effect of prevention and treatment of brown spot disease, and the actual effect is good.
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The main symptom is actually to cause those leaves to appear spotted and dry up, and finally the whole branch will wither, to prevent this disease, generally speaking, in advance to choose antibacterial varieties, the next step is to strengthen the management of the field, and at the same time to spray drug control.
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There are yellowish-brown or rust-colored spots, which gradually enlarge, starting with the lower old leaves and then spreading to the upper leaves; Be sure to keep the soil moist, fertilize properly, and have plenty of light, and regularly prevent diseases and pests on the plants.
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The leaves will be yellow, will droop, the growth rate of peanuts is very slow, and the size is very small, very not full; It is necessary to water more, fertilize more, spray nutrient solution, spray disinfectants, the temperature should be suitable, and there should be a certain amount of sunshine.
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The lesions on the leaves are round, dark brown, with many small black dots on the back; Try to choose some disease-resistant varieties to enhance field management, apply more fertilizers, and minimize irrigation.
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That should be the leaf spot of peanuts, leaf spot is divided into several kinds of black spot brown spot and net spot peanut brown spot occurs earlier, and the old jujube rough town appears in the early flowering stage; Melasma occurs later, at the end of the needle period. Therefore, there were more brown spot diseases in the lower leaves, and black spot diseases were more common in the upper leaves, and the black spot disease was more prominent in autumn peanuts, and the brown spot disease was more common in spring peanuts. The occurrence period is in the pod expansion period, when the field disease leaf rate reaches 10%, it should be timely leaf medicine control, commonly used pesticides are 50% carbendazim 600 times liquid, or 96% oxazine 3000 times liquid, or 70% methylbuzine 600 times liquid spray, 80% spray gram wettable powder 600 times liquid, 70% mancozeb wettable powder 400-500 times liquid.
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Identification and control of peanut leaf spot.
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