Winter melon wilt affects yield, under what conditions is winter melon wilt easy to occur?

Winter melon is a food that the public likes to eat very much, and winter melon also has rich nutritional value. In addition, the planting cost of winter melon is low, but the yield is high, and winter melon is also very easy to store, so it is very popular with everyone. However, in the process of winter melon planting, it is easy to be infected with winter melon wilt, which has a certain impact on the yield of winter melon.

Winter melon wilt can occur during the development period of winter melon. Winter melon wilt is generally more likely to occur when there is a wound on the root of winter melon or under the condition of dry soil. <>

Symptoms of winter melon wilt disease Winter melon is more likely to develop disease in the seedling stage and orange melon stage, when the disease occurs at the seedling stage, the cotyledons of the seedlings will gradually turn yellow and dry, and the young leaves and young stems will become wilted and gradually wither, which will eventually lead to the death of the plant, and when the external environment is humid, it will produce white or pink mold on the surface of the leaves. Fusarium wilt is the most serious disease that harms winter melon, when winter melon wilt occurs, when winter melon blooms and bears fruit, it will cause the vines of winter melon to wither, and the disease is very serious, and the spread is very rapid. Even an infection of one leaf can lead to the death of the whole plant, so once infected with winter melon wilt disease will cause very serious losses.

Strengthen field management to prevent winter melon wilt when planting winter melon, you can carry out reasonable crop rotation, but to avoid crop rotation with melons, try to implement water and drought rotation, so that the control effect is better. During the planting period, it is necessary to minimize the damage to the roots of winter melon, and also clean up the field in time. When fertilizing, try to apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer or well-rotted organic fertilizer to promote the development of roots and improve the resistance of winter melon.

Cutting off the source of infection is mainly mixed in the soil for the spring, and then waiting for the opportunity to infect the roots of winter melon. Therefore, before planting winter melon, it is necessary to clean up the diseased plant residues in the field, clean them out of the field, and burn them or bury them deeply. It is also necessary to strengthen the management of cultivation, and more watering is needed during the period of winter melon and orange melon to maintain the vigorous growth of winter melon.

The choice of seeds is also very important, and it is necessary to choose disease-resistant varieties as much as possible.

Winter melon wilt disease is prone to occur when the soil is dry, heavy stubble, root-knot nematodes, and underground pests. It is caused by a fungus that overwinters in the soil and causes the seeds to carry the fungus, which invades the winter melon from the root wound or root crown.

The soil moisture is particularly heavy, and the drainage of the soil is not good, the temperature is particularly high, and it is also very humid, and the general temperature reaches more than 20 degrees Celsius, which is very easy to get wilt.

It is especially easy to occur when the humidity is relatively high and there is no ventilation, so be sure to ventilate more and water less.

In the cultivation of winter melon, the attack of wilt often occurs. Below, the author will explain to you the symptoms, pathogens and pathogenesis of winter melon wilt disease as follows:

1. Symptoms. It is possible to develop the disease at the seedling stage and the adult plant stage of winter melon. When disease occurs at the seedling stage, the cotyledons will yellow, dry up, young stems, leaves and growth points will become wilted, and the base of the rhizome will turn brown and shrunk. Adult plants produce diseases, at first some of the crop leaves will wilt at noon, and will return to normal in the morning and evening, the leaf color will become light, and then all will wilt, eventually leading to the death of the plant, causing longitudinal cracks at the base of the stem, showing black-brown after drying, often overflowing amber gum, and producing white or pink mold when the humidity is high, and transversely dissecting the diseased stem, you can see the vascular bundle browning.

2. Pathogens. Fusarium acuminium winter melon specialized type, belongs to the semi-known fungus type. This type strongly infects winter melon and watermelon, and weakly infects melon and cucumber. Large conidia are sickle-shaped, sharp at both ends, colorless, with 1 to 5 septums, and small conidia are ovate or fusiform, colorless.

This bacterium is a newly discovered transformed type, which causes pathology and does not want to be used.

3. Transmission route and pathogenesis conditions.

It is mainly mycelium or thick wall spores that remain in the soil with the disease residue for the winter, and become the primary source of infection. The spores can survive in the soil for 5 to 10 years, and after germination, they first grow bud tubes and invade from the wound of the root of the plant or the intercellular space of the root crown, and the repeated infection of the upper part of the soil mainly depends on irrigation water. The lower part of the soil is rarely re-infestation that year. Seed carriers and organic fertilizers with diseased residues are the primary sources of infection in areas that are not infected.

Winter melon or gourd seedlings cultivated on soil with pathogenic bacteria can become seriously ill; Soil temperatures begin at temperatures above 15 degrees Celsius and flourish at temperatures between 20 degrees Celsius and 30 degrees Celsius.

Expansion: The nutritional value of winter melon is very high, and it is loved by many people, planting winter melon in autumn, we must beware of blight, and we will share with you the relevant content of planting winter melon in autumn to prevent blight.

Fusarium wilt is the most serious disease of autumn planting winter melon, when it begins to bloom and bear melons, it causes the plant to wither and die, this disease is a fungal disease, it occurs seriously, it is rampant, it spreads rapidly, it occurs in pieces, the whole plant dies, and the loss is heavy, we must pay attention to prevention and control to protect the stems and vines, and promote flowering and melon.

The infected cotyledons of the seedlings turn yellow, wilt and droop, and soon dry up, and even cataplexy and death.

Winter melon wilt disease, also known as vine cutting disease, wilting disease, etc., is mainly harmful to the base of the stem. The disease was mild at the seedling stage and the late stage of winter melon maturity, and the disease was more severe at the flowering stage, melon sitting stage and the rainy season when the temperature was 20 to 30 °C. The seedlings are diseased, the cotyledons are unevenly yellowed, their tips are dehydrated, the cotyledons wilt and droop, and soon dry up, and the base of the stem turns brown, shrunken or cataplexed.

Adult plant disease, at the beginning of the disease, the lower leaves of the diseased plant fade green, yellow, the stem base longitudinal crack or part of the leaves wilt at noon, morning and evening recovery, so repeatedly, and to the upper leaf development, a few days later the leaf color becomes light, the whole plant withered.

The stems of the plant droop and become wilted, and the plant may fall down, causing the plant to die.

The growth and development of watermelon coincides with the summer and autumn seasons of high temperature and high humidity, and the occurrence of diseases is widespread, which is an important factor restricting the yield and quality of watermelon. In the prevention and control of some diseases, such as improper prevention and control or "misdiagnosis and mistreatment", not only the best time for prevention and control is missed, but also the harvest may be lost in serious cases. Watermelon bacterial wilt, also known as watermelon bacterial wilt, is mainly harmful to stems and vines.

The stem and vine infection was water-stained at first, and then the lesion expanded rapidly, and after 1 week around the stem, the diseased part became thinner, and the two ends were still water-stained, and the upper end of the diseased stem and vine first wilted, and finally the whole plant withered and died.

The two ends are still water-stained, and the stems and vines at the upper end of the diseased part first wilt, and finally the whole plant withers and dies. When the diseased stem is cut open and squeezed by hand, milky white pus overflows from the section of the vascular bundle, and the vascular bundle generally does not change color, and the roots do not rot, which is different from the wilt caused by Fusarium. It is also a very popular agricultural raw material in the food industry, which can be used to make dried winter melon, winter melon sugar, winter melon juice drink, etc., so if you go back to the countryside to engage in agriculture, under the right circumstances, winter melon seeds or blind planting are still a good choice, and there are good development prospects.

I can actually think of winter melon, is it a memory when I was a child, or because I like it, winter melon is basically planted in every family, in the yard, on the ground, by the river, so I really buy very little, plant two enough to eat for a year, this vegetable is particularly resistant to storage, there is no problem with a few months, it is also a very popular agricultural raw material in the food industry, which can be used to make dried winter melon, winter melon sugar, winter melon juice drink, etc., so if you go back to the countryside to engage in agriculture, under the right circumstances, winter melon planting is still a good choice, There are also good prospects for development.

After flowering and fruit setting, combined with rainwater, chase a puffing melon fertilizer. Winter melon is a kind of plant with quite tenacious vitality, generally does not attract insect pests, basically does not need to play pesticides, only needs to prevent powdery mildew and downy mildew, beating, combined with foliar fertilizer spraying to prevent two or three times. It is early-maturing, drought-resistant and heat-resistant, and has advantages in terms of transportation, storage, and sales, and has advantages in terms of group sales ratio with large winter melons, and the planting efficiency is relatively high.

The symptom of this disease is that the leaves of the winter melon begin to wilt and turn gray, and finally spread to the whole plant, causing death.

The leaves turn yellow, the base of the rhizome turns brown, and the formed plants get sick and the color of the leaves becomes lighter.

In this case, the leaves will often be highly sensitive and yellowish and soft, and this situation also shows that the judgment is likely to encounter such a disease, in this case, a large amount of fertilization should be carried out in time.

How much do you know about downy mildew in winter melon? Downy mildew is very harmful to the growth of winter melon. Next, I will introduce the symptoms and prevention methods of downy mildew of winter melon in detail to help you better plant winter melon.

The main thing is to damage the leaves. The lesions grow on the leaves, which are pale green at first and later turn yellow. It is limited by textures and corners.

The size of the lesion is 2 6 mm, and the bacteria gather on the back of the leaf, which is pale gray and sparse. Transmission route and disease of downy mildew in winter melon: the overwintering conditions of the pathogen are not clear.

In areas with warm winters, melons are grown all year round, and this disease occurs constantly. Cucurbitaceae plants cultivated in winter greenhouses in northern China can continue to produce satiety sacs after the onset of the disease, which is the main source of initial infection in the following year.

It is also possible that the warm regions of southern China will be full of germs and will blow northward with the monsoon. Because full eggs are relatively scarce, it remains to be determined whether they can overwinter in the north and become a source of infection early next year. The results showed that under greenhouse cultivation conditions, the humidity of winter melon and zucchini gradually increased at night, resulting in leaf condensation.

When the humidity is high, the condensation increases dramatically. Dew lasts for a long time and is prone to illness. Dew is present for 2 to 3 hours, and germs can invade the body.

Otherwise, even if the relative humidity is 100%, the leaves should not condense, and the ambulatory sac of downy mildew is barely moving, so it will not happen. Winter melon and zucchini have a certain resistance to downy mildew and generally do not cause serious harm. However, attention should be paid to the selection of Jiangxin No. 4 and heat-resistant winter melon varieties such as cowhide winter melon, ash bucket, shaft skin, persimmon winter melon, green skin, plum petals, Guangyou L, if necessary, spray 18% metformin manganese-zinc wettable powder 600 times liquid or 50% sterilization water-soluble powder 1000 times liquid, 70% diethyl manganese zinc phosphate wettable powder 500 times liquid, 64% disinfection alum 400-500 times liquid.

Greenhouse cultivation can be selected with 50% Pumei Qingheat mist, 7% wood anti-spirit powder or 5% chlorothalonil powder, K9 per dichlorofungicide, 50 grams per 667m, in areas resistant to the above fungicides, can be replaced by 69% Anke manganese zinc WP 1000 times solution or 70% Antaisheng WP 500 700 times solution. Discontinue the medication 7 days before fruit picking. Winter melon downy mildew mainly damages leaves, mostly occurs in greenhouse planting.

Therefore, in terms of management, it is necessary to maintain good ventilation and control humidity. In the early stage of the disease, spray prevention and control was carried out with Pumei heat clearing mist, wood anti-spiritual dust agent, and chlorothalonil dust removal, and the drug was stopped 7 days before harvesting.

Winter melon has a certain resistance to downy mildew and generally does not cause serious harm. But pay attention to beef spleen winter melon, ash bucket, shaft skin, persimmon winter melon, green skin, plum petals, Guangyou LSelection of 2nd class heat-tolerant winter melon varieties.

If necessary, spray 18% metformin manganese-zinc wettable 600 times, 75% chlorothalonil wettable 600 times, or 70% ethylphosphine? 500 times the solution of manganese-zinc wettable powder, 400-500 times the solution of 64% disinfectant alum wettable powder, 800-900 times the solution of 72% grams of green, or cyanide, or nemesis and sulurea manganese-zinc wettable powder, 70 liters of good liquid per mu, once every 10 days or so, depending on the situation, once or twice.

In warm winter areas, melon crops are planted all year round, and this disease can occur continuously. Melons cultivated in sheds in northern China in winter can continuously produce sporangia after the onset of the disease, which is the main source of initial infection in the following year. The sporangia of the pathogen in the warm regions of the south may also be blown northward by the monsoon, and it remains to be seen whether the oospores can overwinter in the north and become the source of infection at the beginning of the next year.

Under the condition of greenhouse cultivation, the humidity of winter melon and gourd gradually increased at night, causing foliar dew, and when the humidity was 100, the condensation increased sharply.

Under the condition of greenhouse cultivation, the humidity gradually increases at night, causing foliar dew, and when the humidity is 100%, the condensation increases sharply. Condensation lasts for a long time and is prone to disease. Dew exists for 2 to 3 hours before pathogenic spores can invade, otherwise, even if the relative humidity is 100%, as long as the foliar surface does not condense and the downy mildew zoocysts can basically not move, it will not cause disease.

It mainly occurs in the fruiting period of summer and autumn and winter melon, and in the season of heavy dew and fog.

The downy mildew germs of winter melon overwinter in the protected area and spread in the spring of the following year, and the germs can be spread by air currents and rainwater; The temperature of downy mildew in the field was 16, the suitable epidemic temperature was 20 24, and the incidence of downy mildew was inhibited if it was higher than 30 or lower than 15. In the case of rain, fog and dew, the disease is very easy to spread. Downy mildew mainly occurs in the fruiting period of winter melon in summer and autumn and in the season when there is more dew and heavy fog.