Introduce the difference between monocots and dicots.

Dicotyledons have two cotyledons that feed them for germination, while monocots rely on the endosperm for nutrients.

For details, you can refer to the encyclopedia.

Angiosperms are divided into two categories: monocots and dicots, and there are differences in the number of cotyledons, the number of petals, and vegetative organs, and the most important difference is the number of cotyledons.

Number of cotyledons. The embryo of monocot seeds has one leaf, such as corn, wheat, rice, etc.; The embryo of dicot seeds has two ** leaves, such as beans, peanuts, broad beans, soybeans, etc.

The number of petals. The former is usually 3 and the latter is 5 or 4.

vegetative organs. Dicotyledons have well-developed taproots, vascular bundles in the stems are arranged in a ring, and the leaf veins are mostly reticulated; Monocots have well-developed fibrous roots, the taproot is underdeveloped, the vascular bundles in the stem are often scattered, and the leaf veins are mostly parallel or arcing.

The above distinction is not absolute, and there are some exceptions. For example, monocotyledons are also found in the water lily family in dicots, and liliaceae in monocots also have 4 cardinal flower types.

In addition to the number of cotyledons, there are other big differences between dicots and monocots, although these mainly refer to the differences between the monocotyledons and true dicot branches. Many early divergent dicots will have some "monocotyledonous" features, such as scattered vascular bundles, three-cardinal flowers, and non-three-grooved pollen. In addition, some monocots also have "dicotyledonous" characteristics, such as reticulated veins.

Seeds: The embryos of monocots have one cotyledon, while those of dicots have two.

Flowers: Monocots have petals in multiples of three, while dicots have multiples of four or five.

Stems: Monocots have scattered vascular bundles on their stems, while those of dicots are ring-shaped.

Secondary growth: Monocot stems rarely show secondary growth, while dicots often have secondary growth.

Pollen: Monocots have one furrow or stomata for pollen, while dicots have three.

Roots: The roots of monocots grow occasionally, while those of dicots grow from radicles.

Leaves: The veins of monocots are parallel, while those of dicots are reticulated.

1. The epidermis is different

Dicotyledon.

Stem primary structure: epidermal cells are mostly rectangular or square, and there is no obvious distinction between long cells and short cells;

Monocotyledons.

Stem primary structure: the epidermis is composed of long and short cells, the former keratinized, the latter plugged and silicified;

2. The vascular bundles are different.

The stem vascular bundles of dicots are mostly infinitely external tough, and there is a cambium between the primary xylem and the primary phloem, so it is also called the cambium in the bundle.

The vascular bundles of monocot rhizomes are usually of a finite external toughness type, and their arrangement is arranged in two rounds.

3. The differentiation of cortex and medulla is different.

Dicotyledons: have a pronounced differentiation of the cortex and the pith, which is organized by thick horns (sometimes with chloroplasts.

and parenchyma composition;

Monocots: without obvious cortex and pith distinction, collectively referred to as basic tissues, composed of thick-walled and parenchyma tissues, and sometimes with assimilated tissues.

Differences: 1. Root.

Dicotyledons: taproot.

Monocots: fibrous root system.

2. Stems. Dicotyledons: range from tall trees to low herbs.

Monocots: mostly herbaceous, a few trees.

3. Leaves. Dicotyledons: reticulated veins.

Monocots: parallel veins or arcuate veins.

4. Flowers. Dicotyledons: 5 (or ) cardinal numbers.

Monocots: 3 cardinal numbers.

5. Seeds. Dicotyledons: The embryo has 2** leaves.

Monocots: The embryo has 1** leaves.

First, the difference between blades.

1. Monocots.

In life all plants are divided into dicots and monocots, so what is the difference between dicots and monocots, generally dicots have two or more cotyledons, while monocots have only one cotyledon.

2. Dicotyledons.

In addition to the difference in the number of cotyledons, in fact, the veins on the leaf surface of dicots are mostly reticulated or irregularly patterned, while the leaves of monocots are smooth and may be mixed with other colors, which is very different from the two.

Second, the difference between endosperm.

Dicotyledons and monocots have almost the same seeds, but dicot seeds do not have endosperm, while monocot seeds have endosperm, so there are certain differences in planting methods.

3. The number of petals.

The number of petals produced by each plant is different, and generally the petals of dicots are more than 4, while the petals of monocots are less than 3, and each has different ornamental value.

1. The taproot is different.

Dicotyledons have well-developed taproots, mostly straight roots; The taproot of monocots is underdeveloped, and most of them have fibrous roots.

2. The stem vascular bundles are different.

Dicotyledonous stem vascular bundles are often arranged in a ring-like pattern with cambium; Monocots stem vascular bundles are scattered and have no cambium.

3. The shape of the leaf veins is different.

Dicotyledonous leaves often have reticular veins; Monocot leaves often have parallel veins.

4. The pollen germination holes are different.

Dicotyledon pollen often has 3 germination pores; Monocot pollen often have a single germination pore.

5. The number of cotyledons is different.

Dicotyledonous seeds often have 2** leaves; Monocot seeds often have 1** leaves.

6. The flower base is different.

dicot flowers often 5 or 4 cardinal bases; Monocot flowers often 3 cardinal numbers.

1. The difference between leaves: The leaves of monocots are basal, and there will be stemmed leaves when flowering, and there is a ** leaf. It usually has an elongated petiole with a sheath-like and dehisced base, with the main vein parallel to the leaf margin. The leaves of dicots have two ** leaves and have reticular veins.

2. The difference between flowers: the flowers of monocots are bisexual or unisexual, with a base of three, 6 tepals, arranged in two rounds. Calyx and corolla are more similar. In dicots, the base is usually five or four, and there is no three, and the shape of the calyx and corolla is mostly completely different.

3. The difference between roots: the taproot of monocots is generally underdeveloped, and it is a fibrous root formed by most adventitious roots, and there is no direct root. The taproots of dicots are generally more developed, and most of them are direct roots.

4 ways to distinguish dicots and monocots:

1. Blade differences.

Monocots: In life all plants are divided into dicots and monocots, so what is the difference between dicots and monocots, generally dicots have two or more cotyledons, while monocots have only one cotyledon.

Dicotyledons: In addition to the difference in the number of cotyledons, in fact, most of the veins on the leaf surface of dicots are reticulated or irregularly patterned, while the leaves of monocots are smooth and may be mixed with other colors, which is very different from the two.

2. The difference between endosperm.

The seeds of monocots have endosperm.

Dicotyledonous seeds do not have endosperm.

3. The number of petals.

Dicotyledons: The number of petals produced by each plant is different, and generally the number of petals produced by dicots is more than 4.

Monocots: Flowers with less than 3 petals have different ornamental value.

4. The foundation is different.

Dicotyledons: The roots grow larger and larger, and the roots grow quickly.

Monocots: Roots do not grow large to a certain extent, and the roots grow slowly.

<>1. Dicotyledons.

Most of them are with permeable straight root system and monocot plants.

It is mostly fibrous roots.

2. Differences in primary structure:

Epidermal layer: When exposed to the ground, there is a risk of keratinization on the outer wall and even the entire cell wall.

of corked or lignified.

Cortex: The outer cortex of monocotyledon has occasional woody fibers in addition to parenchyma cells. In the monocotyledon endothelium, except for the passing cells close to the ducts, the rest of the peritan cells are not only corked or lignified in radius to the lateral wall, but also tangential.

The medial lateral wall, or even the entire cell wall, is corked or lignified and thickened.

Middle column: The primary xylem of monocotyledonous fabric has many origins, often reaching more than 8 to 30, and the pith is extremely well developed. The mestila sheath and all the parenchyma within it do not have the ability to meristem and cannot be transformed into a cambium.

3. Secondary structure: The secondary growth of roots is only found in gymnosperms and dicots.

4. Some species of dicots are endemic to a type of tripod structure, the special-shaped structure of the root: the continuous generation of new cambium rings in the cortex, and the formation of new heterotyped vascular bundles.

In all angiosperms.

, it can generally be divided into two main groups, namely dicots.

and monocots.

The fundamental difference between them is the development of two or one leaves in the embryo of the seed, the two leaves are called dicots, and the first leaf is called monocots. The former are such as apples and soybeans; The latter are like rice, corn.

These two types of plants are relatively easy to distinguish because there are some distinct morphological differences between them.

1. The root system of dicots is basically a straight root system, and the taproot is developed; Quite a few are woody plants.

The stem can be thickened continuously; The leaf veins are reticulated; The number of sepals and petals in the flower is either 5 or 4 cardinal, and if the petals are combined, there are 5 or 4 lobes.

Bauhinia flowers are dicots.

2. The root system of monocots is basically fibrous root system, and the taproot is underdeveloped; Mainly herbaceous plants.

There are few woody plants, and the stems usually do not thicken from year to year; The leaf veins are parallel veins, and the number of sepals and petals in the flower is usually 3 cardinal numbers, and the common ones are etc.

Agave is monocotyledon.

The above differences make it easier to distinguish between monocots and dicots. In the whole angiosperms, the species of dicots account for 4 5 of the total, and in addition to almost all trees, there are many fruits, melons, fibers, oil plants, and many vegetables; Whereas, monocots have a large number of food plants, such as rice, corn, barley, wheat, sorghum, etc.