To achieve flexibility in the manufacturing system, what components must be included in the FMS

Answer] Skin cracking: The technique of grouping is the process of identifying and comparing the design and manufacturing features of parts in order to assemble parts with similar characteristics into groups. Its purpose is to find a production order that is approximately the same.

If possible, the next step is to design and build a manufacturing cell to machine the entire set of parts.

Flexible manufacturing systems are more automated and closely connected manufacturing cells, usually controlled by quite sophisticated computers, so that they can give instructions to specific parts of a specific unit at any time and quickly adapt to the processing needs of different products.

There are many definitions of flexible manufacturing system (FMS), and the authoritative definitions are: the National Bureau of Standards defines FMS as: "some equipment linked by a transmission system, and the transmission device puts the workpiece on other coupling devices and sends it to each processing equipment, so that the workpiece processing is accurate, fast and automated."

Computer-controlled machine tools and conveyor systems, flexible manufacturing systems can sometimes process several different parts at the same time. The International Association for Production Engineering Research points out that "a flexible manufacturing system is an automated manufacturing system that is capable of producing any range of product families with minimal human intervention, and the flexibility of the system is usually limited by the product families considered in the system design." The Chinese national military standard defines "the flexible manufacturing system is an automated manufacturing system composed of CNC machining equipment, material transportation and storage devices and computer control systems, which includes a plurality of flexible manufacturing units, which can be quickly adjusted according to the changes in the manufacturing task or production environment, and is suitable for multi-variety, small and medium-sized batch production."

To put it simply, FMS is an automated manufacturing system composed of several numerical control equipment, material storage devices and computer control systems, and can be quickly adjusted according to manufacturing tasks and changes in production varieties. At present, the common components usually include 4 or more fully automatic CNC machine tools (machining centers, turning centers, etc.), which are connected by a centralized control system and material handling system, which can realize multi-variety, small and medium-sized batch processing and management without stopping the machine. The current FMS, which reflects the overall level of the factory, is the first-generation FMS, which has been implemented in Japan since 1991"Intelligent manufacturing system"(IMS) international development projects, which belong to the second generation FMS; And the truly perfect second-generation FMS is expected to be realized after the decade of this century.

Types of flexible manufacturing systems.

Flexible manufacturing refers to a manufacturing system that can adapt to changes in processing objects with the support of computers. There are three types of flexible manufacturing systems:

Flexible manufacturing cells.

A flexible manufacturing cell consists of a machining cell consisting of one or several CNC machine tools or machining centers. The unit automatically changes tools and fixtures as needed to machine different workpieces. The flexible manufacturing unit is suitable for processing parts with complex shapes, simple processing processes, long processing hours and small batches.

It has greater equipment flexibility, but low personnel and processing flexibility.

Flexible manufacturing system.

The flexible manufacturing system is a production system based on CNC machine tools or machining centers and equipped with material handling devices. The system is automatically controlled by an electronic computer, which can meet the needs of a wide variety of processing without stopping the machine. The flexible manufacturing system is suitable for processing parts with complex shapes, many processing processes and large batches.

Its processing and material transmission flexibility is large, but the personnel flexibility is still low.

Flexible automatic production line.

The flexible automatic production line is a production line composed of multiple adjustable machine tools (mostly special machine tools) connected and equipped with automatic conveying devices. The production line can process parts of different specifications in large batches. The flexible automatic production line with a low degree of flexibility is close to the automatic production line for mass production in terms of performance; The flexible automatic production line with a high degree of flexibility is close to the flexible manufacturing system for small-batch and multi-variety production.

Composition of a flexible manufacturing system.

As far as the flexible manufacturing system of the machinery manufacturing industry is concerned, its basic components are:

Automatic processing system.

Automatic processing system refers to a system based on group technology that concentrates parts with similar dimensions (shape does not have to be exactly the same), weight is roughly similar, material is the same, and similar process to be processed on one or several CNC machine tools or special machine tools and other equipment.

Logistics system. Logistics system refers to the system composed of a variety of transportation devices, such as conveyor belts, track turntables and manipulators, etc., to complete the supply and transmission of workpieces and tools, which is the main component of the flexible manufacturing system.

Information system. Information system refers to the system of collecting, processing and feeding back all kinds of information required in the process of processing and transportation, and implementing hierarchical control of machine tools or transportation equipment through electronic computers or other control devices (hydraulic, pneumatic devices, etc.).

Software systems. The software system refers to an indispensable component to ensure the effective management of the flexible manufacturing system with electronic computers. It includes software for design, planning, production control, and system supervision. The flexible manufacturing system is suitable for small and medium-sized batch production between 1000 and 100,000 pieces per year.

Advantages of flexible manufacturing systems.

The flexible manufacturing system is a technically complex and highly automated system, which organically combines microelectronics, computer and systems engineering technologies, and ideally and satisfactorily solves the contradiction between high automation and high flexibility in mechanical manufacturing. The specific advantages are as follows.

First, the equipment utilization rate is high. When a group of machine tools is programmed into a flexible manufacturing system, the output is several times higher than that of this group of machine tools when it is operated separately.

Second, the number of recycled products is reduced by about 80%.

Third, the production capacity is relatively stable. An automated machining system consists of one or more machine tools, which have the ability to degrade in the event of a failure, and the material handling system also has the ability to bypass the faulty machine on its own.

Fourth, the product quality is high. In the process of processing, the loading and unloading of the parts are completed at one time, the processing accuracy is smooth, and the processing form is stable.

Fifth, flexible operation. Some flexible manufacturing systems can be inspected, installed and maintained in the first shift.

Second, the third shift can be unattended normal production. In an ideal flexible manufacturing system, the monitoring system can also deal with unforeseen problems such as tool wear and tear, blockage and unblocking of logistics, etc.

Sixth, the product has a large strain capacity. The tools, fixtures and material handling devices are adjustable, and the system layout is reasonable, which is convenient for adding or decreasing equipment to meet market needs.

The development trend of flexible manufacturing system is roughly twofold. On the one hand, it is combined with the computer-aided design buckle aided manufacturing system, using the typical process data of the original product series, combining and designing different modules, forming a variety of different forms of modular flexible systems with material flow and information flow. On the other hand, it is a computer-integrated manufacturing system that realizes the automation of the entire production process from product decision-making, product design, production to sales, especially the automation of the management level.

In this large system, the flexible manufacturing system is only one component of it.