What are the 24 solar terms in the lunar calendar?

It is divided according to the lunar calendar, and the following is the origin of the 24 solar terms:

The 24 solar terms originated in the Yellow River Valley. As far back as the Spring and Autumn Period, the four solar terms of mid-spring, mid-summer, mid-autumn and mid-winter were determined. After continuous improvement and perfection, by the Qin and Han dynasties, the 24 solar terms have been fully established.

In 104 B.C., the "Taichu Calendar" formulated by Deng Ping officially set the 24 solar terms in the calendar, clarifying the astronomical position of the 24 solar terms.

The time that the sun travels every 15 degrees from the ecliptic longitude from zero degrees of the ecliptic longitude is called "a solar term". It runs 360 degrees every year and experiences a total of 24 solar terms, 2 per month. Among them, the first solar term of the month is the "solar term", that is:

12 solar terms such as the beginning of spring, the stunning, the Qingming, the beginning of summer, the miscanthus seed, the small summer, the beginning of autumn, the white dew, the cold dew, the beginning of the winter, the heavy snow and the small cold; The second solar term of each month is "Zhongqi", that is: rain, spring equinox, valley rain, Xiaoman, summer solstice, great heat, summer heat, autumn equinox, frost, light snow, winter solstice and great cold. "Solar terms" and "Zhongqi" alternately appear, each lasting 15 days, and now people have collectively referred to "solar terms" and "Zhongqi" as "solar terms".

The 24 solar terms reflect the annual apparent movement of the sun, so the dates of the solar terms are basically fixed in the current Gregorian calendar, the first half of the year is on the 6th and 21st, and the second half of the year is on the 8th and 23rd, which is exactly 1 2 days before and after.

In order to make it easier to remember, people have made up the 24 solar terms:

Twenty-four solar terms.

The spring rain shocks the spring and the valley sky, the summer is full of mangs and the summer and summer are connected, the autumn dew and autumn frost fall, the winter snow and snow and the winter are small and cold.

Twenty-four solar terms and seven words poem.

The earth revolves around the sun, and it takes a year to complete one circle.

The year is divided into twelve months, and twenty-four festivals are closely connected.

According to the Gregorian calendar, the two gases do not change every month.

The first half of the year was. Sixth, Ganyi, the second half of the year.

Eighth, Gan San. These are the festivals, and there is no more than a day or two.

The twenty-four verses are in order, and the following mantras are memorized:

In January, the small cold is followed by the big cold, and in February, the spring rain is connected;

The spring equinox is in March, and the rain in Qingming Valley is in April;

Lixia and Xiaoman in May, and the summer solstice in June;

July heat and small heat, the beginning of autumn and summer in August;

The white dew in September is followed by the autumn equinox, and the cold dew and frost fall in October;

The beginning of winter light snow in November, heavy snow winter solstice to welcome the new year.

Seize the season to busy production, planting and harvesting in time to ensure a bumper year.

The 24 solar terms are an important component of the lunar calendar. (Addendum: The 24 solar terms belong to the lunar calendar in the lunar calendar).

The 24 solar terms are divided according to the lunar calendar, and the knowledge system formed by observing the annual movement of the sun and recognizing the changes in season, climate, phenology and other aspects of the year. It not only plays a guiding role in agricultural production, but also affects the clothing, food, housing and transportation of the ancients, and even cultural concepts.

The 24 solar terms are not only the time criterion promulgated by the government in the past dynasties, but also the compass to guide agricultural production, and the compass for people to predict the cold, warm, snow and rain in their daily lives. In the international meteorological community, the 24 solar terms are known as "China's fifth greatest invention". On November 30, 2016, the 24 solar terms were officially inscribed on UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

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The division of the 24 solar terms is based on.

The 24 solar terms are divided according to the position of the Sun on the ecliptic, which is the Earth's orbit around the Sun. The sun is regarded as starting from the vernal equinox (Huang Hengwang longitude zero degrees, at this moment the sun is perpendicular to the equator), and every 15 degrees is a solar term; It runs for a week and returns to the vernal equinox, which is a return year, which is 360 degrees, so it is divided into 24 solar terms.

The date of the solar term is relatively fixed in the solar calendar, such as the beginning of spring is always between February 3 and 5 in the solar calendar. However, in the lunar calendar, the date of the solar term is not very good to be determined, and then take the beginning of spring as an example, it can be as early as December 15 of the previous year, and the latest can be on the 15th day of the first month.

There is a certain relationship between solar terms and temperature, and the naming of each solar term can directly reflect the seasons, climatic phenomena, and weather changes. Brother Tan

The details are as follows:

The beginning of spring, the beginning of summer, the beginning of autumn, the beginning of winter, the spring equinox, the autumn equinox, the summer solstice, and the winter solstice are used to reflect the seasons. The vernal equinox, autumnal equinox, summer solstice, and winter solstice are astronomical and reflect the turning point in the change of the sun's altitude.

The beginning of spring, the beginning of summer, the beginning of autumn and the beginning of winter reflect the beginning of the four seasons.

The five solar terms of the small heat, the big heat, the heat heat, the small cold, and the big cold reflect the changes in temperature.

The four solar terms of rain, valley rain, light snow, and heavy snow reflect the phenomenon of precipitation, indicating the time and intensity of rainfall and snowfall.

On the surface, the three solar terms of white dew, cold dew and frost fall reflect the phenomenon of water vapor condensation and condensation.

Xiaoman and miscanthus reflect the maturity and harvest of the relevant crops.

The sting and Qingming reflect the natural phenological phenomenon, especially the sting, which uses the first thunder in the sky and the revival of the underground stinging insects to herald the return of spring.

The division of the 24 solar terms:

From the vernal equinox, the sun passes through the constellations along the ecliptic, and every 15° of the sun is set as a solar term. For example, the "vernal equinox" is the moment when the sun passes the vernal equinox; The solar terms of Qingming, Guyu, summer solstice, and winter solstice are the moments when the sun passes through various points at a distance of ° from the vernal equinox.

Since the sun does not move very evenly on the ecliptic, that is, it takes different times every 15° of orbit, the interval between adjacent solar terms is less than one day, and more days than ever. Although the 24 solar terms strictly refer to the 24 moments, they can also generally refer to the date. For example, in 1988, the "spring equinox" was 17:39 on March 20, and we can also say that March 20, 1988 was the day of the spring equinox.

The cycle of the 24 solar terms cycle is the cycle of the change of the four seasons - the return year. This can be seen from the names of the 24 solar terms. Therefore, the 24 solar terms are actually the 24 landmark points (moments) in the cycle of change of the four seasons, so they belong to the solar calendar.

The 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar are specific seasons in the calendar that indicate changes in natural rhythms and establish the "December Month".

It contains a long cultural connotation and historical accumulation of Yousou, and is an important part of the long history and culture of the Chinese nation. At the age of one year, there are three months each in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and there are two solar terms per month, each of which has its own unique meaning.

The twenty-four solar terms accurately reflect the changes in the natural rhythm and play an extremely important role in people's daily life. It is not only a seasonal system that guides farming and cultivation, but also a folk system that contains rich folk customs.

"Twenty-four solar terms" introduction:

It is the product of the ancient agricultural civilization, and it is a knowledge system formed by the ancient ancestors who conformed to the agricultural time, observed the movement of celestial bodies, and recognized the changes of season, climate, and phenology in a year. The twenty-four solar terms were originally formulated according to the rotation of the stars, the seven stars of the Big Dipper rotate in cycles, and the handle rotates clockwise for a cycle, which is called one "year" (seti).

The current "24 solar terms" are formulated according to the position of the sun on the return ecliptic, that is, the annual trajectory of the sun is divided into 24 equal parts, every 15 degrees is 1 equal part, and every 1 equal part is a solar term, which begins at the beginning of spring and ends with the great cold.

The 24th solar term of the lunar calendar (Shiqian says spring), the folk customs of Shiqian County, Guizhou Province, is one of the national intangible cultural heritages. So what is the historical origin of the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar? Interested netizens, let's find out together.

1. "Chunguan" is a kind of official in the Zhou Dynasty, in charge of agricultural affairs. In later generations, rap artists dressed as spring officials appeared in the countryside to perform from house to house, forming a custom of persuading farmers to pray for blessings. The rapper is also commonly known as "Chunqi".

Qing Qianlong Shiqian Mansion Chronicles, County Chronicles have records of spring customs. The Dong people of Shishu Zen and Qian absorbed this custom and passed it on.

2. According to legend, during the period of Emperor Li Shimin of the Tang Dynasty, there were Feng brothers who made great achievements in opening the country, and when Taizong divided the feuds, the two brothers were willing to do their best for the country, so Emperor Taizong named them "Spring Officials" (Spring Officials were in charge of the etiquette of a place in ancient times, and explained the agricultural season to the people every year), and passed down from generation to generation. With the passage of time, the spring official said that spring gradually evolved from the official to the folk form, before and after the beginning of the spring, the spring official went to the village to say the spring, and used the form of singing to persuade farmers to farm, guess and educate the people, and the folk custom of Xian Zhaochen was gradually inherited.

3. The folk custom of Shiqian saying spring has a history of more than 1,000 years, and its basic form has been preserved through generations. At the end of the 20th century, with the change of the pace and rhythm of modern life, the impact and influence of foreign culture, this ancient custom began to fade out of people's sight.