What were the domestic and foreign policies of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and what were the poli

Internal: Politics: Implement the "Tui En Order" to weaken the power of the feudal state.

Culture: Dong Zhongshu suggested "deposing the hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone".

Outside: Wage war against the Xiongnu.

Zhang Qian was sent as an envoy to Yue's family.

The political measures of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty were as follows:

1. The master father is a lead.

The recommendation to promulgate the "Decree of Grace."

and the "law of collateral benefit" that restricts the king of Fan. The Tui'en Decree stipulates that after the death of the princes and kings, in addition to the eldest son inheriting the throne, other sons can also divide part of the land of the kingdom into liehous, which will be governed by the county guards, which weakens the feudal Zhuxibo marquis in the early Han Dynasty.

forces, strengthen and improve the feudal legal system, crack down on the powerful landlord forces, and maintain feudal society.

Order. 2. Reform the official system and strengthen imperial power. Breaking the convention of being a feudal marquis, he used cloth clothes as a minister, completely controlled the prime minister, and appointed low-level officials and attendants as Shang Shuling.

Serving in a mid-level position, discussing military affairs. The formation of the "China and North Korea" decision-making body, in which Shang Shuling became more and more powerful, and the system of three princes and nine secretaries headed by the prime minister.

The constituted institutions evolved into general executive bodies, called "outer courts".

3. Select a large number of talents, attach importance to the appointment and evaluation of officials, and strengthen the emperor's control over local bureaucrats. Implement a probationary system.

In 106 B.C., Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty divided the country into 13 states, each of which served as a supervision area and set up an assassin to supervise.

The role of political measures

It is conducive to the establishment, consolidation, and development of a multi-ethnic feudal state, and to the maintenance of the motherland's unity and territorial integrity. It can effectively organize human, material and financial resources to engage in large-scale production activities and economic construction as well as disaster relief operations.

It is conducive to social and economic development. In a unified environment, it is conducive to the integration of various nationalities and to the economic and cultural exchanges of various regions.

Push the grace order, depose the hundred schools, and respect Confucianism.

The divine right of the monarch deposed the Confucianism of the hundred schools.

The policy of the unification of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty:

1. Political aspects:

1) Reform the official position, form the inner and outer courts, and strengthen the imperial power.

2) Selecting a large number of talents, attaching importance to the appointment and assessment of officials; Implement the system of assassination. Strengthen the control of the local bureaucracy.

3) The promulgation of the "Tui En Decree" weakened the power of the princes and kings and strengthened the centralization of power.

4) Strengthen and improve the feudal rule of law, crack down on the powerful landlord forces, and maintain the feudal social order.

5) Strengthen the supervision system: set up a division and school captain in ** to supervise and report the illegal acts of the Beijing officials and the royal family. Set up a history of thorns in the local area, and be responsible for supervising the local **.

2. Military aspects:

three counterattacks against the Xiongnu changed the passive position of the Han Dynasty in the relationship with the Xiongnu; Entered the southwest region, conquered East Vietnam, Vietnam, and set up nine counties including the South China Sea.

3. Economic aspects:

Reform the currency system and mint five baht coins as legal tender throughout the country; The production and sales of salt and iron are monopolized by the monarch; "Equalization of losses" stabilized prices and imposed property taxes on big businessmen and usurers.

4. Ideological aspect:

Depose the hundred schools of thought and respect Confucianism. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted Dong Zhongshu's suggestion and advocated great unification, and Confucianism became the ruling ideology of the Western Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also established the two-level official school of Taixue and local county and national schools, and established the feudal official school system.

The rule of law is also upheld. Respecting Confucianism and upholding the law was the fundamental idea of his rule.

The positive significance of the cultural policies of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in promoting the development of Chinese culture was that he ordered the unification of the written language, which became an important factor in maintaining the historical development of the Chinese nation; Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Dong Zhongshu, put forward the idea of "deposing a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone", vigorously promoted Confucian education, and realized the great unification of ideology.

The unification and simplification of Chinese characters is a summary of the development and evolution of ancient Chinese characters, and it is also a major reform of Chinese characters, which has played an important role in the development of Chinese culture.

II. Cultural Policy:

In today's society, the ethnic policy, the literary and artistic policy, the religious policy, the language policy, and so on aimed at the development of ethnic minorities all belong to this. Policies play a leading role in the development of a country's culture; The right policies can play a role in promoting and accelerating the development of culture; Conversely, wrong policies can also hinder and undermine the normal development of culture.

Cultural policy is a general term for a set of institutional regulations, norms, principles and requirements adopted by a country for administrative management in the fields of culture and art, press and publication, radio, film and television, cultural relics and museums, etc., and is a policy form that is different from policies in other fields such as science and technology policy and education policy.

Chinese cultural policies such as Confucius Institutes, Harmonious Diplomacy, Chinese Kung Fu Films, Chinese Opera, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Calligraphy, the "Bird's Nest" and the "Water Cube" of the Beijing Olympics are all part of the cultural policy.

After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ascended the throne, he has been committed to strengthening the centralization of power At that time, in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the characters of the hundred schools of thought were very active. Many guests gathered under the king's door, often criticizing the emperor's policy and accusing **, which was very detrimental to ** centralization. In order to change this situation, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty accepted the advice of the Confucian scholar Dong Zhongshu to "depose the hundred schools of thought and respect Confucianism alone".

And set up Taixue in Chang'an to vigorously promote Confucianism. As a result, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty completed the unification of ideology and culture. Since then, Confucianism has been respected by successive feudal dynasties as feudal orthodoxy.

At the same time, "overthrowing a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone" also ended the situation of "a hundred schools of thought contending" since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, which was not conducive to academic exchanges and cultural development.

Therefore, the main measures taken by it are: to depose the hundred schools of thought and respect Confucianism alone.

1. Strengthen centralization.

In order to strengthen the centralization of power, Emperor Wu accepted the suggestion of his lord father Yan and issued a decree of tui'en, that is, allowing the kings to divide their land among their sons and establish smaller vassal states.

2. Reform the currency system.

In order to meet the needs of economic management and political rule, it attached great importance to solving the currency system problem, and successively carried out six currency reforms, basically solving the currency system problem that had not been solved since the beginning of the Han Dynasty.

3. Depose the hundred schools of thought and respect Confucianism.

Commendation of the Six Classics is to take Confucianism as a feudal orthodox thought, the Legalist judgment shouts, Taoism and other scholars are excluded, Emperor Wu also vigorously promoted the Confucian education, in Changdug Juye'an held Taixue. Taixue is the highest institution of learning in ancient China, based on the Confucian Five Classics.