Urgent! What is phenomenology ? What does it have to do with logic and epistemology? 30

A doctrine of subjective idealism. denying the existence of ontology outside phenomena, or believing that the scope of human knowledge is limited to the phenomena of things, and that the thing itself or the ontology of things cannot be known by man.

Logic is the science of pure ideas, which are the ideas formed by the most abstract elements of thought.

Epistemology is the nature and structure of human cognition, and the relationship between cognition and objective reality.

Philosophical theories on the premise and basis of cognition, the process of cognition occurrence and development and its laws, and the criterion of truth for cognition. Also known as the theory of knowledge. Idealist epistemology denies the objective existence of the material world and adheres to the epistemic line from consciousness to matter.

Agnosticism denies that the objective world can be known. Materialist epistemology adheres to the line of cognition from matter to consciousness, believes that the material world is an objective reality, emphasizes that cognition is man's reflection of objective reality, and affirms that the world can be known. Dialectical materialist epistemology further takes practice as the basis of cognition and applies dialectics to epistemology.

Epistemology includes phenomenology, which is hindsight, haha...

Logic is the consciousness of people who desire to be prophetic, haha...

Practical things, logic is cerebral, epistemology is unknown!!

Focus on appearances rather than substances.

Summary. Hello dear 1The inclusion relationship means that concept A contains concept B.

For example: A person consists of both a man and a woman. 2.

A cross-cutting relationship refers to the mutual inclusion of concepts A and B. For example: figure painting and oil painting.

Figure painting contains oil painting; Oil paintings contain figure paintings. 3.A homogeneous relationship means that concept A and concept B have exactly the same meaning.

For example: beautiful is exactly the same as good-looking.

Hello dear 1The inclusion relationship means that concept A contains concept B. For example:

People include both men and women. 2.Cross-relationship refers to the mutual inclusion between concept A and concept B.

For example: figure painting and oil painting. Figure painting contains oil painting; Oil paintings contain figure paintings.

3.The whole Tongguan Chun nucleus system refers to the exact same meaning of concept A and the concept of excavation B. For example:

Beautiful is exactly the same as good-looking.

Relationships between concepts There are five types of friendship relations between concepts: identical, all-different, containing, containing, and befriending the pre-origin fork relations. (1) The whole is the same as the repentance system, also known as the same relationship, and the extension of concept A is the same as that of concept B, that is, all A is B.

It can also be said that the two concepts are the same thing.

I have questions about those.

I have questions about those.

All the same, including connotation.

What is the relationship between the two concepts of blessing and Lu Xun? Connotation.

A concept is a form of thinking that reflects the essential attributes and quantitative range of an object of thought. The concept includes the content of the concept and the scope of the concept, the former refers to the connotation, and the latter refers to the extension.

Definition – a logical way to clarify the connotation of a concept.

Partition – a logical approach to defining the extension of concepts.

White", "animal", "human", these are all concepts – but not definitions. Man is a rational animal - this belongs to the definition, using the most common genus plus species difference, genus in animals, species difference in rationality. What is defined is the connotation of the concept of man, and the definition is more clear than the concept.

If we only talk about the concepts of people, animals, and white, then their extension is very wide, and animals include amphibians, terrestrial animals, and so on. People have Germans, British, French, Chinese and so on, white with white clothes, white socks and so on. But if you follow the definition, you can say that the concept of man has a lot of extensions according to different divisions - how the concept of "man" is extended, but if you use the extension of the definition "man is a rational animal" - this seems a bit strange = = Because the definition is a tool for dividing the connotation, it can be said that the definition is something that is contained in some way by the concept.

Extensions fall into the category of divisions, and the definition is unlikely to include extensions = =

4.Definition errors are: definition is too broad, definition is too narrow;Repeated circular definitions of homogens;The definition sentence is a negative sentence;Unclear definition.

The method of the following definition: the method of genus plus species difference, formula: defined term = species difference + genus concept.

Defined Rules:

1) The extension of the defined term and the extension of the defined term should be the same system. Otherwise, you make a logical error of "too broad" or "too narrow";

2) The defined items cannot be directly or indirectly included in the defined items. Otherwise, you make a logical error of "repetition of the same language" or "circular definition";

3) Definitions must not include ambiguous terms. Do not use metaphors, otherwise you will make the logical error of "vague definition" or "metaphor for definition".

Real concepts refer to concepts that reflect objective reality, including both concrete and abstract things, such as "atom", "plant", "society", "thought", "spirit", and so on.

The illusory concept is generally divided into two categories: one is the concept of a certain thing conceived in scientific research, literary and artistic creation and practical work, such as "perpetual motion machine", "ideal gas", "Monkey King", etc. The other type is the concept formed by the illusory and distorted reaction to the objective world, such as "God", "heaven", "region", etc.