What requirements and hopes did Confucius put forward for his disciples in terms of moral cultivatio

The requirements of a saint must be something that he can do for himself, and in fact it is also a requirement for himself.

There are many such words in the Analects, that is, how to be a gentleman and have your own ambitions.

But the most fundamental one is one. Confucius said: "My way is consistent", that is, one's own way is from one to the end.

What is this one, with my own understanding, and the practice of my predecessors is like this: "Poems" three hundred, in a word, said: "Thinking is innocent".

Thinking innocently, this is one.

Wang Yangming, a great Confucian in the Ming Dynasty: "When you see your father, you naturally know filial piety, when you see your brother, you naturally know your feelings, and when you see your son entering the well, you naturally know the side hidden" is also one.

Guiguzi: "The saint is also in the world, since ancient times, his way is also one", "A person who guards does not see wrong, does not listen to evil, and must speak.""Poetry""book""It's also one.

Therefore, when learning things, we must learn the fundamentals.

I have three provinces and three provinces of my body" ("On the Study of Language").

as if on the edge of the abyss, as if walking on thin ice" (The Analects of Taber).

If you want to establish people, you want to reach people" ("The Analects of Yongye") Do not do to others what you do not want" ("The Analects of Wei Linggong").

His body is upright, and he does not give orders; His body is not right, although he can't make it.

Advocate moral cultivation! The purpose of Confucius's education was to cultivate a gentleman who was engaged in politics, and the main condition for becoming a gentleman was to have moral character cultivation. In his private education, moral education is in the first place, and moral concepts are based on cultural knowledge, mainly through the transfer of knowledge, so that the cultivation of morality and the imparting of knowledge are carried out in the same teaching process, and the two are closely related.

Moral education has its process, first of all, is moral understanding, to be able to distinguish between good and evil and right and wrong, to further form a moral concept, and then to a bench to destroy the step into the practice of moral behavior, Confucius advocated that "etiquette" as the moral norm, with "benevolence" as the highest moral standard, then etiquette and benevolence become the main content of moral education.

So what are the basic requirements for moral cultivation? First, to aspire, Confucius guided Zaobei students to base themselves on the present and face the future, and establish benevolence as their personal ambition and life ideal. Second, self-denial.

Treat others as equals, with a high degree of respect, and be compassionate and considerate of others. Third, practice, moral education cultivates virtue, virtue is the embodiment of morality in behavior, advocating "practice" relative to pay more attention to moral practice, requiring words and deeds to be consistent, not disjointed, moral understanding relies on the test of moral practice to confirm.

Fourth, moderation.

People do not necessarily have to behave in accordance with the moral code, and there are often cases where they do too much or too little, and it is best to do it just right, emphasizing moderation. Treat people and things in moderation, prevent bias, and all behaviors must be in the middle way, and moderation is only possessed by a cultivated gentleman. Fifth, introspection, whether it is moral understanding or moral practice, requires subjective and active ideological activities, called introspection, the scope of introspection is very wide, and all aspects of behavior must rely on the method of introspection to help improve self-cultivation.

Sixth, it is objective that people will make mistakes, and the correct attitude is to attach importance to making mistakes, recognize mistakes, and do not cover up mistakes.

So what are the basic conditions that you should have as a teacher? Basic requirements: never get tired of learning, review the old and learn the new, teach tirelessly, lead by example, care for students, and learn from teaching.

In order to fulfill their social responsibilities, teachers should attach importance to their own learning and cultivation, master a wide range of knowledge, and have noble morals. Teachers have the mission of passing on and developing cultural knowledge, not only to pay attention to inheritance, but also to explore and innovate, and to have a high sense of responsibility to students and society to serve them. Teachers educate their students not only by words, but also by example.

Teachers love and care for students, which is reflected in the students' efforts to study morality, become gentlemen with political talents, and work together to achieve the political goals of the world. Teachers not only impart knowledge to students unilaterally, but can also learn from each other, often exchange knowledge and learn from each other.

The above is the problem, if there is any error, please understand!

In the past, when the government broadened its knowledge of history, it was also necessary to draw on useful historical experience to understand contemporary social problems and know how to deal with them. The proposition of "reviewing the old and learning the new" also has another meaning of being cautious, that is, the relationship between old and new knowledge. Old knowledge is the achievement of existing understanding, which is the basis for the continuous development of understanding, and when reviewing old knowledge, we can actively think and associate with it, expand the scope of understanding or further deepen our understanding, so as to obtain new knowledge.

To restrain their words and deeds with courtesy, the pursuit of simple materialism, must review the old and learn the new, but also self-cultivation to ensure high-quality learning attitude and learning methods, in the process of getting along with people, we must pay attention to social morality, to be benevolent as the core; As a teacher, you must teach by word and deed, fulfill your duties and obligations, pay attention to your own self-cultivation, and never get tired of learning the stove liquid.

Pay attention to people-oriented, learn to self-reflect every day, be sincere in dealing with people, know is know, don't know is not know, usually should learn more from the people around you; A circle of virtual cavity must teach and learn from each other, not just praise and only teach orange shirt knowledge, to answer questions, to learn to inspire children.

1. In terms of dealing with people: Zi said: "Learn and learn from time to time, don't you also say?" Have friends come from afar, are you happy? People don't know and are not ashamed, and they are not gentlemen? (Learning).

2. In terms of self-cultivation: Zi said: "If you learn without thinking, you will be reckless, and if you think without learning, you will die." (For the repentance of the land administration).

3. In terms of self-learning: Zi said: "From, teach the girl, know it!" Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, is knowing and singing to the former Tong. (For Politics).

4. In terms of learning attitude: Ye Tanzi said: "If you are a threesome, you must have my teacher." Choose those who are good and follow them, and change those who are not good. (Narrative).

5. In terms of self-cultivation and life: Zi said: "The year is cold, and then the pine and cypress are withered." (Zihan); Zi said: "Its forgiveness! Do unto others as you would have them do to you. (Wei Linggong).

Select "Learn from the past".

The meaning of this sentence is "to be a teacher by reviewing what you have learned, and then to gain new understanding and experience from it."

Learning method: The first is to read more and understand more, Confucius was good in his later years, and read to the extent that Wei compiled the three uniques. Later, some people said that Confucius could go up and down for 500 years, and it seems that it is not groundless.

This also shows that Confucius was a man who lived to learn from all over the world, and it was not easy to achieve this spirit of learning two thousand years ago.

The second is to be able to specialize deeply, Confucius once learned the piano from Shixiang, a piece of music he practiced for more than ten days, Shixiang asked him to change the tune to practice, Confucius said that he was only familiar with its tune, but did not touch the law. After another period of time, Shixiang asked him to change the tune to practice, and Confucius said that he had not yet comprehended its ** image. In the end, Confucius himself heard that this piece was "Wen Wang Cao".

It only took about a month to go from a beginner to a professional, so it seems that learning is not fast.

Third, apply what you have learned. Confucius once said, "Liuhe exists outside and does not care", "ghosts and gods are respectful and far away". Although Confucius acknowledged the existence of ghosts and gods, he did not consider it necessary to study them.

It makes more sense to study some real-world problems. It can be said that Confucius was a pragmatist two thousand years ago.

Fourth, learn to relax yourself. Confucius once said to Zilu, "Why don't you learn poetry, if you don't learn poetry, life is as tasteless as facing a wall." At that time, poetry was equivalent to today's popular songs, which could be sung, and it seems that Confucius was still very fashionable at that time.

Fifth, exercise. Confucius was a lover of archery, not only practicing it himself, but also encouraging his students to do it. It is said that when Confucius performed archery for everyone, the audience was like a wall, and he was a hundred shots.

Famous saying: Learn from the past.

Erudite and ambitious, inquisitive and thoughtful; Benevolence is in the mix.

If you learn without thinking, you will be reckless, and if you don't learn, you will die.

Learn and learn.

Sensitive and studious, not ashamed to ask.

Confucius's attitude towards learning is "to learn with your heart, to learn happily" Zi said: "Those who know are not as good as those who are good, and those who are good are not as good as those who are happy to know" Confucius said, "Those who understand a kind of learning or truth are not as good as those who like this truth further; And the people who like this ** can't compare to the people who enjoy it further."

Quotes: Learning Attitude: 1What do you know? Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, and knowing is knowing.

2.Those who know are not confused, those who are benevolent are not worried, and those who are brave are not afraid.

The propositions on learning methods and attitudes are:

Learn and learn, don't you also say?

Reviewing the past and learning the new can be a teacher.

If you learn without thinking, you will be reckless, and if you don't learn, you will die.

Those who know are not as good as those who are good, and those who are good are not as good as those who are happy.

Threesome, there must be my teacher.

Choose those who are above and follow them, and change those who are not good.

Erudite and ambitious, inquisitive and thoughtful;

Talking about feelings: learning from the past. This sentence is about learning methods, and it means: after reviewing old knowledge, there will be new discoveries and new experiences.

I have a deep understanding of this sentence: I often pick up the textbook in primary school to review, and after each review, I will have a deeper understanding and deeper understanding than before, and sometimes I can find some new knowledge that I have not paid attention to before, which shows the importance of review, why not?

Summary. Translation: Confucius said, "Others must have something worth learning from me." Choose the good learning of others, see the shortcomings of others, reflect on whether you have the same shortcomings, and correct them if so.

Learning is endless, no matter how big a person's knowledge is, there is always something that he is not good at, and he should not be complacent because he is better than others in a certain aspect, and he should have an attitude of learning from others with an open mind.

Learning from others with an open mind cannot accurately express Confucius's learning methods and learning spirit, and Confucius should not only learn from others, but also learn from all things in heaven and earth.

The ancients attached great importance to learning from teachers, and which sentence of Confucius pointed out that we should learn from moral people.

Zi said: "If you are a threesome, you must have my teacher; Choose those who are good and follow them, and change those who are not good. ”

Translation: Confucius said, "There must be something worth learning from the extinction of others."

Choose the good learning of others, see the shortcomings of others, reflect on whether you have the same shortcomings, and correct them if they have. Learning is endless, no matter how big a person's knowledge is, there is always something that he is not good at, and he should not be complacent because he is better than others in a certain aspect, and he should have an attitude of learning from others with an open mind. Learning from others with an open mind cannot accurately express Confucius's learning methods and learning spirit, and Confucius should not only learn from others, but also learn from all things in heaven and earth.

Confucius spoke many times about learning from nature. The Analects. There is such a passage in "For Politics".

Zi said cautiously: "For the sake of politics and morality, the bench is scattered, such as Beichen, where the stars live." "Yunji Confucius used the Big Dipper as a metaphor for the character of politicians, so that politicians can learn from the Big Dipper.

The Analects. There is such a sentence in the first answer of the "Constitutional Question": Zi said:

Ji does not call its strength, but also its virtue. "Translation: Confucius said:

For Maxima, it is not to praise its strength, but to praise and judge its character. "Confucius taught people the virtues of Maxima. Maxima's moral character is ambitious, even if he is old and lives in a simple stable, he still has lofty ideals, and he is still thinking about traveling thousands of miles a day.