Can physics and mathematics fully describe the truth The world famous physicist argues about the mea

The wave function form of quantum mechanics was proposed by the famous physicist (Schrödinger).

Erwin Schrödinger (August 12, 1887 – January 4, 1961), born in Vienna, Austria, is an Austrian theoretical physicist, one of the founders of quantum mechanics, and has made great achievements in the specific heat of solids, statistical thermodynamics, and atomic spectroscopy. In 1926, he proposed the Schrödinger equation, which laid a solid foundation for quantum mechanics, and he came up with the Schrödinger cat thought experiment to try to prove the incompleteness of quantum mechanics under macroscopic conditions. In 1933, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for the Schrödinger equation.

The Schrödinger equation is a fundamental law in quantum mechanics that describes the state of motion of microscopic particles (such as electrons, etc.) when the rate of motion is much less than the speed of light, and occupies an extremely important position in quantum mechanics, which is similar to Newton's laws of motion in classical mechanics. In addition, due to his influence, many physicists participated in the study of biology, so that physics and biology or Zen science were combined, forming one of the most significant features of modern molecular biology.

Quantum mechanics is the study of the motion and development of microscopic objects (such as photons, electrons, protons, neutrons and other subatomic particles). "Real physics" generally refers to classical physics based on Newton's theorem, which mainly studies the motion and development laws of objects at macroscopic and low speeds. In other words, quantum mechanics applies to the microscopic world, and solid physics applies to the macroscopic and low-speed world; Given known conditions, quantum mechanics considers the outcome of motion to be uncertain, while reality physics considers the result of motion to be uniquely determined.

Take Young's double-slit experiment as an example: imagine the moment when a single electron passes through the double-slit. Realistic physics holds that under very precise conditions such as given velocity, momentum, and direction, electrons can either pass through the left or right slit, and only one of the two can be chosen.

However, quantum mechanics believes that at this time, the trajectory of the electron obeys the wave equation, and it has half the probability of passing through the left slit and half of the chance passing through the right slit, and no matter how accurate the preconditions are, the result is uncertain and appears as a probability. Here's another example, perhaps exaggerated, but illustrates the difference: for example, you're sitting in front of a computer.

Reality physics holds that this is a definite and only fact. Quantum mechanics believes that you may still be able to appear on the moon, but the probability of this is very small, but since there are different possibilities, then the state of your will is uncertain.

Do not Zen noisy. Or rather, it can't be.

Even if science develops to the level it is today, it can only be said that human beings' understanding of the objective world is still very limited.

Both physics and mathematics are inseparable from some "assumptions" and "abstractions" in the study of problems. This alone ignores a lot of information about objective things. Naturally, a "full description" will not be possible.

For example, abstract thinking and logical thinking in mathematics are the basic methods. A and B each have a father and a mother; Mathematical abstraction becomes a separate number "1". And the situation of their parents is ignored.

For example, in the study of kinematics in physics, no matter how large the hidden object is, it is also abstracted into a "particle". This is true for the earth, and so is for the moon. An ant is a particle, and an elephant is also a particle.

Kinematics only studies the trajectory and velocity function of the particle. The real situation is abstracted.

You can't put it, no matter how accurate it is, there will be errors in physics.

Ordinary people can also understand the correct conclusions in "quantum mechanics" that have been deduced by predecessors! We all know that in high school political textbooks, the first thing we criticize is the error of idealism! And the representative of the error of subjective idealism, the example given in the book, is Wang Yangming's so-called "flowers bloom and thank you" theory!

However, with the development of science, it seems that Wang Yangming's "eyes open will be bright, eyes closed will be flowers" is also valid from a certain point of view! That's right, within the framework of quantum mechanics!

Today, human beings have applied the theory of quantum technology in all aspects of life! For example, mobile phones, computers, quantum communication, etc. Although we don't know anything about the work that cutting-edge scientists are working on, some of the basic principles of quantum mechanics can be understood by ordinary people alike!

For example, the so-called "quantum collapse", in fact, the theory that triggered one of the biggest scientific debates of the last century, is actually very easy to understand! Similar to the "flower blossom thanks" mentioned above!

First of all, I would like to introduce you to the so-called "Schrödinger's cat"! This is a hypothesis put forward by the famous physicist Schrödinger in the last century, who said that if a cat is placed in a box filled with radioactive material, there is a switch triggered by a random time inside the box;

When we don't open the box to see if the switch is turned on and whether the cat is dead, then the cat is in a state of "both dead and alive"! In the words of quantum mechanics, it is the state of "quantum superposition"!

Only when we opened the box and saw all kinds of changes with our own eyes did the existence of this cat be fixed, in the words of quantum mechanics, that is, the "quantum collapse" state! The speed at which the quantum transitions from superposition, or 'entanglement', to collapse is very fast, reaching the "super-distance", that is, whenever and where, it is determined instantaneously!

Moreover, the motion of the quantum is completely random, which has been proven by the "Bell inequality"!

It is impossible for ordinary people to intuitively understand the conclusions of quantum mechanics, and these theories need to be downgraded by professionals to understand, and laymen can only watch the excitement!

It's difficult, even a high school student has a hard time understanding those concepts, and it's easier to understand them with a graduate degree or higher.

No, the average person doesn't even understand what quantum theory is, let alone understand it.

Quantum mechanics is indeed incomplete. But don't despair ......With the development of quantum field theory, this problem was solved about three-quarters of a century ago. One of the main motivations for quantum field zipei theory is to create a quantum theory that is fully compatible with special relativity.

In fact, our current Standard Model of particle physics is a quantum field theory, so it is completely (special) relativistic. In addition, quantum field theory is possible on a classical (non-quantum) gravitationally curved space-time background.

When we try to turn gravity itself into a quantum theory, things get less perfect. So far, gravity has resisted all of these attempts. The reason we are forced to do this is that in Einstein's gravitational field equations, one side of the equation describes space-time and the other side describes matter; If one is represented by a quantum operator, the other must also be represented by a quantum operator, otherwise the equation will never be satisfied.

However, there is a well-known approximation called semi-classical gravity, in which quantum matter is replaced by what it calls expected values. This approximation can be applied almost everywhere, with two exceptions: deep inside a black hole near the singularity, and the very early universe.

The question of whether quantum theory is incomplete has nothing to do with quantum field theory. QFT is nothing more than ordinary quantum theory, but with a field as the object. Some cheap manipulation essentially refuses to mention those elements of a quantum theory that conflicts with the theory of relativity, allowing to claim that it is a completely relativistic theory.

But that's nothing more than cosmetics.

The main problem with quantum theory with the theory of relativity is Bell's theorem, which is related to QFT and any version of QT. To make qt completely relativistic, it is necessary to abandon realism, to abandon causality. Or, in other words, like mysticism, let's go back to the scientific method of astrology, which is not concerned with a realistic causal explanation of observable correlations.

Einstein was right to insist that realism should not be abandoned. He didn't know about Bell's inequality. If he had known this, I think he would have accepted the only realistic explanation – a hidden preferred frame like the Lorentz ether.

So, Einstein was not wrong with the special theory of relativity, and he was not wrong with another seminal work, for example, he made a serious argument about the quantization of electromagnetic fields for the first time. However, the quest to create a truly unified "theory of everything" remains unfinished. We may be close, but not yet.

As an abstract language to describe the physical world, mathematics exists in an abstract form that is detached from scientific experiments, which is fundamentally different from traditional science.

Difference Between Mathematics and Science: The falsifiability of science. (Falsification leads people to believe that all science is just a conjecture and hypothesis, which will not be conclusively proven, but will be falsified at any time).

The modern philosophy of science and technology holds that mathematics is unfalsifiable, and the primacy of the axiom of expression cannot be falsifiable and must be acquiesced. With this coupled with mathematical logic as a means, a huge system of modern mathematics was gradually deduced.

Two important elements of mathematics, logic and axioms, are themselves characterized by the fundamental reasons that explain why it can describe the physical world.

1. Axioms are the prerequisites for reasoning, from long-term practical experience in life, the recognition of a priori existence. It has similar characteristics to scientific falsification. We analyze it in terms of the development of Euclidean geometry:

The best way to learn quantum mechanics is to use your right brain, think more and associate more, and don't get bogged down in mathematics.

There are two things you need to do to learn quantum mechanics well:

1.Master the mathematical tools used to describe quantum mechanics.

2.Understand the way of thinking about describing physical systems in terms of quantum mechanics.

The mathematical tools you need to master to learn quantum mechanics well are as follows:

1.Some basic knowledge of mathematical analysis, including basic real variable functions, complex variable functions, ordinary differential and partial differential equations, etc. These courses will be covered in any science subject, Advanced Mathematics or Mathematical Analysis.

2.Knowledge of some basic special functions, such as spherical harmonic functions, Bezier functions, etc. These are described in the Mathematical Methods Course offered by the Department of Physics, but it is also advisable to refer to them on your own.

Yes, quantum physics has a good mathematical foundation.