What are the types of grain warehouses in China? What is the storage performance of the relevant?

It is a bungalow warehouse, a cylindrical warehouse, an underground warehouse, etc.

The intact warehouse capacity refers to the design capacity of the standard warehouse that meets the relevant requirements of the "Technical Specifications for Grain and Oil Storage".

The statistical content of grain storage facilities includes the area of the storage area, the capacity of the warehouse, the ancillary facilities, the application of grain storage technology and the use of photovoltaic power generation on the top of the grain warehouse, etc., and the statistical storage facilities must have been completed and put into use.

During the grain storage period, technical measures such as fumigation and insecticide or temperature control should be taken according to the grain condition to ensure the safety of grain storage. Before the arrival of the high temperature season, it is advisable to carry out fumigation operations first, and then carry out temperature control storage.

Introduction to grain storage:

At present, most of the air conditioners used in the granary are all-in-one machines or built-in wall-mounted air conditioners, which are mainly used to regulate the temperature of the warehouse in the upper space of the grain surface, and then suppress the surface temperature of the grain pile.

If the air conditioning temperature is controlled at the same time as fumigation, it may affect the insecticidal effect of fumigation. The statistical content of investment in the construction of grain circulation infrastructure mainly includes the status of investment projects, the annual completed investment, the annual scale of storage facility construction and the annual completion of grain informatization projects, etc., and the statistical projects must be closely connected with the content of the previous year.

The design capacity of the granary refers to the design storage capacity of the warehouse, which is a theoretical value calculated according to the standard wheat bulk weight of 750kg m, which is generally determined by the granary design unit. If the design data cannot be obtained due to the long construction age of the granary, it can be calculated according to the following method (the grain density is uniformly 750kg m):

The storage capacity of the bulk bungalow warehouse = construction area Grain loading height Grain density 93%.

The storage capacity of the packing bungalow warehouse = the construction area The height of the stacking bag 70% of the grain density.

The silo capacity of the cylindrical grain silo = [inner diameter radius 2 grain loading height + funnel cone volume] grain density.

The storage capacity of the star warehouse can be calculated as the storage capacity of every 4 star warehouses is equivalent to 1 silo.

Type: Guancang, Yicang.

Function: The official warehouse is used by the imperial court (basically distributed near the capital, such as Chang'an, the capital of the Sui Dynasty, but the Cao Yun cannot be transported to Chang'an, so the official warehouse is set up in Luoyang).

Yicang is a reserve of grain in a famine year (equivalent to the Emergency Relief Department. Purpose: The official warehouse is to ensure the food supply and Yulu of the imperial court (in ancient times, Yulu used grain and cloth to settle the settlement, so it is said that there are many stones of Yulu).

Yicang is to ensure social stability and avoid the people from making chaos because of the famine. (Actually, maintaining the rule).

1) The granary must have the functions of leakage-proof, moisture-proof and anti-condensation;

2) The granary must have the performance of thermal insulation and heat insulation;

3) The granary must have the ability to reliably resist the anti-grain vertical eating force of the Buling type;

4) The granary should have the performance of both airtight and ventilated;

5) The granary should avoid direct contact with grain with harmful and toxic substances;

6) The necessity and possibility of mechanization should be considered in the granary;

7) The granary should choose an appropriate site location;

8) The granary should be as few consumables as possible, low cost, land-saving, and convenient to apply;

9) The granary must have the functions of fireproof, explosion-proof and light-proof;

10) The granary must have the function of grain measurement and control;

11) The granary must have the function of automatic and manual control of the fiber sail.

The main problems in China's grain storage are: first, the warehouse capacity is insufficient, which cannot meet the growth of grain output and storage needs; Second, the storage facilities are aging, the equipment is outdated, and the grain storage conditions are poor, which can easily lead to grain loss and quality decline; Third, management and supervision are not strict, and there are illegal operations and corruption, which affect the safety of grain storage and market order; Fourth, the logistics and transportation are not smooth, the cost of grain transportation is high, and the distribution efficiency is low. The key to solving these problems is to increase investment in the construction and maintenance of storage facilities, improve the level of storage management and supervision, optimize the logistics and transportation system, strengthen technical support and information construction, ensure food security storage, improve storage efficiency and quality, and ensure national food security.

Bungalow barn, easy to operate. Easy to use. Disadvantages, occupy more space, not conducive to mechanization.

Vertical silo occupies less land and has a high degree of mechanization. Shortcoming; It is not conducive to insecticidal ventilation and other operations, and the storage and moving is high in energy consumption.

Underground warehouse. The temperature is low, which is good for storage. It is inconvenient to enter and exit the warehouse.

Quasi-low-temperature granary is to add cooling measures to maintain a temperature of 20 degrees and below.

(1) Classification according to the way the grain is stacked in the warehouse.

Bulk silos, packing silos.

2) Classification according to the shape of the warehouse.

Room-type silos, silos, building silos.

3) Classification according to the construction conditions and equipment configuration of the warehouse.

Simple silos, general granaries, mechanized granaries, prefabricated granaries.

4) Classification according to grain **.

Above-ground warehouse, underground warehouse, semi-underground warehouse.

5) Classification according to the grain storage performance of the warehouse.

Controlled atmosphere warehouse, low-temperature warehouse, quasi-low-temperature warehouse, general normal temperature warehouse.

China's granary storage reserves are sufficient in the following aspects:

1.Sufficient total grain reserves: China has abundant grain resources and a strong grain reserve service system, and organizes grain reserves with balanced quantity and type and reliable quality in accordance with national regulations every year.

2.Complete types of grain reserves: China's grain reserves are complete, including staple grains such as rice, wheat, corn, soybeans, etc., as well as non-staple foods such as soy products, condiments, etc., to meet the food needs of different regions and different groups of people.

3.Reliable quality of grain reserves: China implements the system of "simultaneous acceptance of the quality and quantity of grain storage", and carries out strict quality sampling and monitoring of each batch of grain reserves to ensure that the quality of grain reserves is reliable.

4.Perfect grain storage facilities: China's grain reserve storage facilities are modern, with a high level of informatization, and are equipped with perfect storage equipment and warehouse management systems to ensure the safety, efficiency and convenience of storing grain.

5.Complete reserve grain circulation mechanism: China has established a national grain market trading platform, and implemented a grain system of "repentance management, local allocation, and market-oriented operation" to ensure that the grain in various regions is sufficient and stable.

In general, China's granary storage reserves are sufficient, which reflects the country's great attention and efforts in food security in all aspects, which can effectively ensure the country's food and food safety, and maintain social stability and economic development.

The differences between the two are as follows:1. Structural form: Grain silos are generally buildings with walls and roofs, usually made of bricks, concrete or metal. A grain jar is a sealed metal container, usually cylindrical in shape.

2. Capacity: The capacity of the grain warehouse is usually larger, which can store a large amount of grain, which is suitable for centralized storage and long-term preservation. The capacity of grain tanks is relatively small, which is suitable for decentralized storage and short-term storage. Do it quickly.

3. Storage method: Liangchang large food warehouse is usually stored with stacking or storage equipment, which can maintain a certain degree of ventilation and humidity control. Grain cans are generally stored in a sealed way, which can effectively prevent the infusion of pests and moisture.