Characteristics of Hetian jade, characteristics of Xinjiang Hetian jade

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Xinjiang Hetian jade is characterized by good delicacy, oily touch, high hardness, high toughness, and pure color, as follows:

1. The fineness is excellent

Hetian jade belongs to the tremolite category, and the tremolite content is generally as high as 95 or more, including white jade 99, green and white jade 98, and green jade 97; It has very few impurity minerals; The mineral particle size is very fine, and it is microcrystalline and cryptocrystalline; The structure is typical of felt-like, uniform particle size, interwoven into a felt blanket, which is an important reason for the delicate and dense texture, and this structure is rare in other jade.

2. Oily to the touch

Texture is a comprehensive expression of the quality of jade, including shape, moisturization, cracks, impurities, and so on. Hetian jade has an extremely fine grain size, so the texture is delicate; Warm and moisturizing, with greasy luster, giving people a moisturizing and soft feeling, mutton fat jade is moisturizing and mutton fat; Moderate transparency, slightly transparent, the jade pieces made of jade appear watery and vibrant; There are very few impurities, some are flawless, and they are consistent inside and out.

3. High hardness

If the hardness is high, the jade has good polishability, good brightness, and can be stored for a long time.

4. High tenacity

Hetian jade has great toughness, is not easy to break, and is wear-resistant. Toughness is the hardness of grinding, and the toughness of Hetian jade is the largest among jade.

5. The color is pure

Compared with other jade, the color of Hetian jade is pure, and the other is mutton fat jade, which is the unique beauty of Hetian jade. The third is the outer skin of Puyu, Hetian Jade Puyu, which is divided into color skin, sugar skin, and stone skin according to its characteristics. The color skin is caused by oxidation of the outer skin of jade, which has a yellowish-brown or very thin brown skin (about 1 mm), and the quality can be seen from the skin color.

The outer skin of sugar jade is thicker, such as brown sugar, and this kind of jade is often found in the last jade mine, including white jade or green jade.

The traditional narrow category of Hetian jade refers to the jade produced in the Hotan region of Xinjiang, and is famous for its "sub-material" in Hetian. In a broad sense, Hetian jade refers to nephrite (true jade).

Although Hetian jade is named after Hotan, Xinjiang, it is not a regional concept in itself, and does not specifically refer to the jade produced in the Hotan region of Xinjiang, but the name of a class of products. In China, the stones with more than 98% tremolite content are named Hetian jade, which are within the scope of the national standard.

The main structures of Hetian jade are:

1) Microfiber-cryptocrystalline metacrystalline structure: refers to the structure composed of fibrous tremolite and cryptocrystalline tremolite, in which fibrous tremolite is weakly directional.

2) Microfiber metacrystalline structure: tremolite is mostly fibrous and roughly parallel.

3) Microscopic flake cryptocrystalline metacrystalline structure: refers to the structure mainly composed of flake tremolite and cryptocrystalline tremolite, in which the content of flake tremolite is not high and has weak directionality. When visually viewed on hand specimens, flake tremolite appears as speckled impurities.

If it exists in large quantities, it will affect the quality of the jade, and it needs to be removed when pondering, so the texture of jade with this structure is generally poor.

Hetian jade is a jade produced in Hetian, Xinjiang in a narrow sense, and in a broad sense, as long as it conforms to the early composition of Hetian jade, it belongs to Hetian jade.

Chemical composition: aqueous residual calcium-magnesium silicate, the chemical formula is Ca: MGS(OH)Z(Si4011)2.

Crystal system: Its main constituent mineral tremolite is the monoclinic crystal system.

Crystallization habit: It is an interwoven body of microfibrillary crystals. Its primary deposits are often block-shaped, also known as mountain material.

Secondary minerals are boulders or pebbles. If the primary ore is eroded and transported to the river to deposit pebbles, it is called jade, and if the primary ore is denuded, it is only transported for a short distance and is produced as a boulder, which is called mountain water.

Structure: Nephrite has a typical interwoven structure of fibers.

Color: Varies greatly, with extremely white, white, blue-white, green, yellow, green, black, etc., and determines its subspecies.

Transparency: translucent - opaque.

Luster: Glass is a grease luster.

Hetian jade is a relatively precious and rare jade.

Hetian jade is one of the four famous jades of Qinxiao in China, and the origin is mainly concentrated in the Hotan region of Xinjiang, China, so it is named. It is famous for its seeds, with a long history and a high traditional cultural hunger chain heritage, among which mutton fat white jade is the most famous.

The color of Hetian jade is mainly white, cyan, gray, green, yellow, brown, etc., and the surface of the surface is oily and luster, and the interior is transparent, most of which are mainly slightly transparent, and a few are translucent.