What is Eighteen Strokes? What are the Eighteen Strokes?

Including iron line drawing, nail head rat tail drawing and other eighteen kinds of hook line skills, my mobile phone can not copy, the landlord of eighteen strokes, there are a lot of introductions.

Wang Keyu's eighteen descriptions are a summary of ancient and modern stylized methods, although there are similarities and inseparables in the descriptions, but as ancient and modern descriptions, he has summarized them all. Ye Xihe has no pictures in the text, and now according to the eighteen strokes of the line method, the new legends are added to the front, and the comparative study is to understand the similarities and differences between these measures.

Eighteen trace legends. Including the Qing Dynasty Wang Ying's hand-painted book, "Dianshi Zhai from the picture book". There are four kinds of "Writing Mountain Tower Descriptions" by Gu Wenchao of Japan, and "Eighteen Sketches of Objects from the Four Sets of Japanese Painter Owari Gou", and three are selected for comparison.

These methods are now grouped into three types: one is the iron line drawing method without thickness variation, which is the oldest; One is the orchid leaf type with thickness changes; The other is a simplified and fast stroke reduction class, as follows:

Wire drawing (no change in thickness).

Ancient gossamer drawing, string drawing, iron line drawing, flowing water drawing, Cao Yi out of the water drawing.

Orchid leaf drawing (with thickness variation).

Earthworm depiction, horse locust depiction, nail head rat tail depiction, willow leaf depiction, jujube core depiction, olive depiction, war pen water pattern depiction.

Stroke reduction class (quick simplification of pen lines).

Pouting strokes, bamboo leaf drawings, mixed drawings, folding reed drawings, dry wood drawings, and subtractive strokes.

Among these three types, the water drawing and the iron line drawing are relatively close, and in Wang Ayu's biography, the pouting and subtractive strokes are both from Ma Yuan and Xia Gui. In addition, there are similarities in brushwork, but in each type, there are also characteristics that are more prominent, such as the trembling pen used in the water pattern drawing of the war pen, which is more chic. The mixed drawing of the method of interspersing with shades can exert a greater sense of space, so it is different from the general, and can be called a major evolution of the line method.

As for the use of brushes for each stroke, there are important points to be paid attention to. It is explained in the illustration made by Wang Ying, and the reader can choose his favorite depiction according to the illustration, or consider it.

One or two families, participate in their own will to play, become their own handy description.

Wire drawing. The most representative of the first type is the iron line drawing, which has uniform pressure and no change in thickness. Gogu gossamer drawings and string drawings all belong to this type. The representative painter is Gu Xiaozhi, and from his "Female History Atlas" and "Lu Shen Fu Picture Scroll", we can see his ancient and simple brushwork.

The development of this line method includes the Tang Dynasty Dynasty Liben "Portrait of the Emperors of the Past Dynasties", the Five Dynasties Capital Increase System Da Ying Zhen Tu, the Yuan Dynasty Zhou Lang's Ji K Qiu Niang Picture Scroll, and the Ming Dynasty Wen proved "Xiangjun".

1. Gogu gossamer drawing: one of the oldest line drawings of Gongbi, commonly found in Gu Kaizhi's paintings. The line does not change much, it is thin and uniform, and it is mostly a circular curve. The pen is in the shape of a small round head.

Second, the string drawing: slightly thicker than the ancient gossamer drawing, mostly straight lines. It is written that the line is centered with a trembling pen, and there are pauses and pauses in the line, and most of them have the feeling of a straight line.

3. Iron line drawing: It is thicker than the string drawing, but it is hard with a pen, which is one of the most common ways to draw. The turning prescription is hard and powerful, and the straight line is hard to fold, like the shape of iron wire bending. With the pen in the center, the pen is also round.

4. Mixed drawing: It is basically a freehand painting method. First use light ink to make the clothing pattern, when the ink is not dry, sometimes with thick ink, talk about the "thick and light" ink change.

Fifth, Cao Yi drawing: that is, the abbreviation of Cao Yi out of the water. Cao Zhongda, a painter from the Western Regions, painted Buddha statues with droopy and dense clothing lines, and close to the body like water, so it is called "Cao Yi out of the water".

Influenced by Indian Gandhara art, the pen is thin and drooping, forming a circular arc, emphasizing the change of dense arrangement between lines.

6. Nailhead rat tail drawing: Ren Bonian's most commonly used line drawing method. Ye Dun's head is large, and suddenly due to the large pen, the line of the pen is folded more, and the lines are thickened when the pen is turned like an orchid leaf stroke, and the tip of the pen is thin.

Seventh, the head of the nail drawing: bald pen line drawing, is a kind of freehand brushwork, Ma Yuan, Xia Gui used more. The head is large and square, and the side is into the pen, and there is the brushwork of "axe splitting". The lines are thick and powerful.

8. Horse locust depiction: the use of horses and horses. Similar to the orchid leaf drawing, the head is large, the line of brushwork is tortuous and soft, but it is very powerful.

9. Willow leaf drawing: the pen is thin at both ends, and the middle line is thick. There is no orchid leaf depiction in the eighteen strokes. Willow leaf drawing is similar to bamboo leaf drawing, both are imaginary and imaginary brushwork. Wu Daozi used it.

10. Olive depiction: The head is as big as an olive, Yan Hui and others in the Yuan Dynasty use it more, and the line is slightly thinner, but the thickness changes greatly.

Ten. 1. Jujube kernel drawing: The head is like a jujube nucleus, and there are also changes in the pen of the jujube nucleus.

Ten. Second, fold the reed: with the pen thick, and the turn is mostly right angles, when folding the pen pause head square and large, the line is mostly straight line, is a freehand painting line drawing method. Liang Kai's "Six Ancestors Splitting Bamboo" is used.

Ten. 3. Bamboo leaf drawing: Similar to willow leaf drawing, it is also thick in the middle and thin at the end.

Ten. Fourth, the battle pen water pattern drawing: such as the landscape painting water pattern painting method. Expresses a thin and pleated pattern. Tang Yin of the Ming Dynasty was used for many ladies.

Ten. Fifth, subtractive strokes: refers to Ma Yuan, Liang Kai and other freehand brushwork. With a thick pen, in one go, there is a change in ink color in one stroke. Most of them only draw an outer outline, and use the pen to be concise to the extreme.

Ten. 6. Dry wood drawing: ink painting brushwork. The pen is thick and has less moisture, similar to the method. The pen is often lying against the front.

Ten. 7. Earthworm drawing: uniform thickness, many twists and turns and soft. With seal calligraphy, the circle is powerful.

Ten. 8. Flowing water depiction: express soft and curved clothing lines.

The above-mentioned depictions are all based on the expression of the folds of the figures of various schools of the past dynasties, and the names are given according to the shape of their handwriting. There is a sample manuscript of "Mustard Seed Garden Painting".

Mr. Wu Yuyang, a powerful contemporary painter, mainly depicts contemporary figures, and he closely combines the use of line drawings with the costumes and hairstyles of contemporary figures, and flexibly applies the traditional nail head and rat tail drawings and flowing water drawings to the expression of contemporary clothes and hair. For example, the fabric of modern denim clothing is thick and firm, and he strengthens the turning force of the nail head rat tail drawing; Contemporary women's hair is curly and beautiful, and he depicts the flowing water to increase the frequency of bending.