What are the ancient inventions at the same level as China s four major inventions in the world?

China's four major inventors are: Zhang Heng, Bi Sheng, Cai Lun, and Du Shi. The inventions of these four people continue to contribute to human society to this day.

The four great inventions of ancient China: the compass, gunpowder, printing, and papermaking.

According to legend, the compass was used to identify the direction of the march when the Yellow Emperor fought Chiyou. The guide car is in fact a mechanical device, and the hands of the immortals point in the same direction when the guide car is moving. The principle of making a compass car is different from the compass's use of magnetic force to indicate direction.

During the Warring States period, the instrument Sinan who really used the magnetic force of a magnet to indicate the direction appeared.

During the Song Dynasty, the technology of making the compass was greatly improved, which indirectly led to the prosperity of China's navigation industry, and the Arabs and Persians who interacted with China learned to use the compass and spread it to Europe.

Gunpowder Gunpowder was invented by alchemists in the process of alchemy. The dragon cannon is like a bazooka, with two small rockets at the head and tail of the dragon cannon, and when the small rockets are ignited, the bazooka will rise, and then ignite the other rockets inside the bazooka and shoot at the enemy, usually in water battles.

In the Tang Dynasty, gunpowder was already used in warfare, and in the Song Dynasty, it already had the lethality of the iron can type**. Chinese gunpowder was transmitted to Arabia and then to Europe through the Mongol conquests.

Printing before the printing technology, the books were copied by hand one by one, and later there were rubbing, engraving and other printing methods, but it was still very time-consuming and laborious, until the Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng invented movable type printing, which greatly improved the printing technology.

Use cement to make a square with the same specification, and engrave text on one end, which is called a movable type printing pad. When printing, the movable type printing pad is arranged according to the content of the article, fixed on the chassis coated with adhesive to become a movable type plate, and then the plate is inked, and then the text can be printed by laminating it with paper.

Papermaking The earliest Chinese writing appeared in the oracle bone inscriptions of the Yin Shang dynasty, and then there were Zhong Ding inscriptions (also known as golden inscriptions) cast on the bell tripods, and in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people began to engrave the text on wooden tablets and use ropes to run through the book. In the Qin and Han dynasties, writing was written on silk cloth with a pen, and it was not until the Eastern Han Dynasty that the eunuch Cai Lun improved the method of making paper, and people began to use paper as a writing tool in large quantities. Papermaking is a major event in the history of human civilization, and it took more than a thousand years for this advanced technology to reach Europe.

They are: gunpowder, compass, papermaking, printing.

Papermaking, movable type printing, gunpowder, compass.

Gunpowder, compass, papermaking, printing.

Gunpowder, compass, movable type printing, papermaking.

China's four major inventors are: Zhang Heng, Bi Sheng, Cai Lun, and Du Shi. The inventions of these four people continue to contribute to human society to this day.

1. Compass: A simple instrument used to determine the direction, formerly known as Sinan. The invention of the compass is not specifically traced back to the invention of a certain person, and the invention of the compass is the result of the understanding of the magnetism of objects by the ancient working people of our country in the long-term practice.

2. Papermaking: Cai Lun. People know Cai Lun papermaking, in fact, before Cai Lun in the Eastern Han Dynasty made large-scale paper, the Chinese had already invented papermaking, as evidenced by many ancient pieces of paper from the Western Han Dynasty unearthed throughout China in the 20th century.

3. Gunpowder: Ancient Chinese alchemists invented it in the Sui and Tang dynasties, more than 1,000 years ago. The study of gunpowder began with the ancient Taoist alchemy, the ancients refined the elixir in order to seek immortality, the purpose and motivation of alchemy were advanced, but its experimental methods still had merit, and finally led to the invention of gunpowder.

4. Printing: Engraving printing was invented in the Tang Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, Wang Zhen, a famous Taoist scholar, agriculturist and mechanic, invented wooden movable type, and created a relatively simple turntable typesetting method suitable for the complex characteristics of Chinese characters; Later, metal movable type was invented, which improved movable type printing.

Papermaking (also known as Caihou paper). In the first year of the Eastern Han Dynasty and Emperor Yuanxing (105 AD), Cai Lun summarized the experience of his predecessors in manufacturing silk weaving crystals, and used bark, broken fishing nets, rags, hemp and other raw materials to make plant fiber paper suitable for writing, and improved papermaking technology to make paper a commonly used writing material. It is known as "Caihou paper".

In the middle of the 11th century, the great Chinese scientist Shen Kuo was still surprised by the compass, and his "Mengxi Writings" introduced the artificial magnetization method of the compass, the discovery of the magnetic declination angle and the erection method of the compass.

In the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the famous Taoist priest Qing Xuzi had mastered a very important experience, that is, sulfur, nitrate, and carbon can constitute a very flammable medicine, which is called "fire medicine", that is, gunpowder.

The inventor of printing is not documented, but it is certain that it was invented during the Tang Dynasty, and the earliest engraving print found is a single-page version of the Dharani Sutra written in Indian Sanskrit, printed on linen paper, published between 650 and 670, and unearthed in 1974 from a Tang dynasty mausoleum near Xi'an.

The Four Great Inventions are a view on the history of Chinese science and technology, which refers to the four inventions that had a great impact on the world in ancient China, and are important creations of the working people in ancient China, referring to papermaking, compass, gunpowder and printing.

It is generally believed that these four inventions have played a great role in promoting the political, economic and cultural development of ancient China, and these inventions have been transmitted to the West through various channels, and have also had a great impact on the history of world civilization.