How do you tell if two liquid organic compounds are immiscible with each other in high school chemis

I can't judge, I can only rely on memory and induction. For example, bromine is miscible with olefins, and to figure out why, it is because of the addition reaction... Fade and then you know that all alkenes and even alkynes are miscible with bromine water...

Whether two solutions are miscible or not can be judged according to the so-called "similar solubility" law. That is to say, polarity can be compatible with polarity, and non-polarity is compatible with non-polarity.

The principle of similarity and dissolution.

Specifically, it can be understood like this:

1. Polar solvents (such as water) are easy to dissolve polar substances (polar substances in ionic crystals, molecular crystals, such as strong acids, etc.);

2 Non-polar solvents (such as benzene, gasoline, carbon tetrachloride, etc.) can dissolve non-polar substances (most organic matter, Br2, I2, etc.).

3. Substances containing the same functional groups are miscible with each other, such as hydroxyl (-OH) in water, which can dissolve alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids containing hydroxyl groups.

4. In general, it can be briefly remembered that the polarity is similar, and it can be soluble.

This principle can only be used as a general inference, not as a qualitative derivation. Reference.

According to the principle of similarity and dissolution, it is judged whether organic matter can be miscible with each other.

Similar to the content of the dissolution principle:

1. Polar solvents are easy to dissolve polar substances (polar substances such as strong acids in ionic crystals and molecular crystals);

2. Non-polar solvents (such as benzene, gasoline, carbon tetrachloride, etc.) can dissolve non-polar substances (most organic matter, br, i, etc.).

3. Substances containing the same functional group are miscible with each other, such as hydroxyl groups in water can dissolve alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids containing hydroxyl groups. In addition, polar molecules are easily soluble in polar solvents, and non-polar molecules are easily soluble in non-polar solvents.

4. If the polarity is similar, it is soluble.

Organic matter is generally miscible with each other. However, the principle of similarity compatibility is still satisfied. That is, the organic matter with high polarity can be miscible with each other, and the organic matter with low polarity can be miscible with each other. Organic matter with high polarity and organic matter with low polarity are generally immiscible.

Substances are classified as polar and non-polar. Generally, polar substances are more soluble in polar solvents. Organic matter is miscible because organic matter is mostly non-polar and therefore miscible.

The reason why they are not miscible is because the polarity of these two organic substances is not the same. Water is a polar molecule, so polar organic matter can be dissolved in it.

Polar molecules are soluble in polar solvents, and non-polar molecules are soluble in non-polar solvents

In general, organic matter with the same functional group is similarly compatible.

Organic substances are similar and mischic, you can see their polarity, polar molecules are soluble in polar molecules, and non-polar molecules are soluble in non-polar molecules.

Similar to each other, similar in structure and properties, generally soluble.

Principle of similarity compatibility: "similar" means that the solute and the solvent are structurally similar; "Soluble" means that solutes and solvents are miscible with each other. For example, there are strong hydrogen bonds between water molecules, and water molecules can not only provide hydrogen atoms for the formation of hydrogen bonds, but also accept hydrogen atoms provided by other molecules because there are lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atoms, and hydrogen bonds are the main binding force between water molecules.

Therefore, any solute molecule that can provide hydrogen or accept hydrogen for the formation of hydrogen bonds is "structurally similar" to water. Such as Roh (alcohol), RCOOH (carboxylic acid), R2C=O (ketone), RCONH2 (amide), etc. Of course, the structure and size of the R group in the above substances also have an effect on the solubility in water.

For example, with the increase of the R group, the non-polar part of the molecule increases, so that the structural difference with water (polar molecule) increases, so the solubility in water also decreases gradually.

1) Organic matter is generally soluble in organic matter, while inorganic matter is generally soluble in inorganic matter. Organic substances such as oil, alcohol, etc., inorganic substances such as water, etc. This is the reason why hands stained with engine oil are washed with gasoline instead of water.

2) Polar molecules are generally soluble in solvents composed of polar molecules, while non-polar molecules are generally soluble in solvents composed of non-polar molecules. Polar molecules such as water molecules, ammonia molecules, etc. Non-polar molecules such as carbon dioxide molecules, oxygen molecules, etc.

In general, substances with the same structure are easily miscible with each other, and common organic solvents are ethanol, benzene, and carbon tetrachloride.

Substances are classified as polar and non-polar. Generally, polar substances are more soluble in polar solvents such as lead. The reason why organic matter is miscible is because most of the organic matter is non-polar substance, so it is miscible with each other.

The reason why they are not compatible with each other is that the polarity of these two organic substances is not the same. Water is a polar molecule, so polar organic matter can be dissolved in it.

First of all, definitely:

Sodium acetate is an organic substance.

However, it is a salt formed by organic acids, and its solubility should be understood with reference to general salts.

Sodium acetate is an ionic compound that ionizes into acid and sodium ions in water and is a strong electrolyte.

Ethyl acetate is a general organic compound that does not contain metal ions. Its solubility should be measured according to the general classification of organic matter. It is not ionized in water and is a non-electrolyte.

In general, organic salts are insoluble in general organic solvents.