What is the meaning of science and technology, and what does science and technology refer to?

How much do you know about China's science and technology?

What is science and technology?

What is Science and Technology? It is not easy to answer this question accurately, because science and technology are different from science and technology, and it is not the simple addition of science and technology. Science and technology is an organic combination of science and technology, so the concept of science and technology has a higher level of meaning than the concept of science and technology.

In the process of understanding and transforming the world, human beings continue to lead to new scientific discoveries and new technological inventions; At the same time, these new discoveries and inventions can help mankind better understand and transform the world. Therefore, science and technology are the results or products of human understanding and transformation of the world; It is also a tool or means for human beings to understand the world and transform the world.

As a part of the overall system of the world, if human beings want to adapt, survive and develop in the world environment, they must struggle against the world environment and exchange material, energy, and information with the world environment. Human beings obtain a large amount of matter, energy and information from the world environment by understanding the world; At the same time, by transforming the world, a large amount of matter, energy and information are released and act on the world environment. Understanding the world and transforming the world are two important links in which human beings act on the world and maintain contact with the world environment.

It is through these two important links that human beings maintain the relative independence and stability of their own system on the one hand; On the other hand, it maintains a dynamic equilibrium with the world environment. It is through the alternation of these two links that it has adapted, survived and developed in the world environment. Therefore, the history of mankind is a history of understanding and transforming the world, and it is also a history of mastering and applying science and technology.

Therefore, we can define science and technology as follows: science and technology refer to the process by which human beings and their societies adapt to, survive and develop in the world environment, and maintain contact and interaction with the world environment; It is the tool and means for human beings to understand and transform the world, and it is also the result and product of human beings to understand and transform the world. It is an intermediary system between human society and the world environment. It is a dialectical unity system of science and technology.

Science and technology, as the results (products) and tools (means) of human beings in understanding and transforming the world, are an organic whole with internal connection. The scientific and technological system is a reflection of the systematic and hierarchical nature of the objective world. The modern science and technology system is composed of philosophy, natural science and technology, social science and technology, thinking science and technology, mathematics and its interdisciplinary, marginal, horizontal, comprehensive science and technology and other disciplines.

As the basic unit of the modern science and technology system, these science and technology disciplines are interconnected, interpenetrated, mutually restricted, transformed and combined with each other, and are combined into a science and technology network system with a certain structure and function, as well as a certain time series and space dimension.

The meaning of science and technology:

1.Tradition holds that the Branch.

DU science is a version of the knowledge system about nature, society, and thinking accumulated by human beings. Right 2By "science" we mean the natural sciences that study natural phenomena and their laws; Technology generally refers to various tools, equipment, technologies and process systems that are synergistically composed of practical experience based on the principles of natural sciences and for a certain practical purpose, but does not include the technical content corresponding to social sciences.

3.Science and technology are a dialectical unity, technology proposes topics, science completes topics, science is discovery, and is the theoretical guidance of technology; Technology is an invention and a practical application of science.

In society, it is customary to link science and technology, collectively referred to as "science and technology". In fact, the two are closely related, but also have important differences. Solve theoretical problems scientifically, and solve practical problems with technology.

The problem to be solved by science is to discover the relationship between conclusive facts and phenomena in nature, and to establish theories to connect facts and phenomena. The task of technology is to apply the results of science to practical problems. Science is primarily dealing with uncharted territory, and its progress, especially major breakthroughs, is difficult to predict; Technology is working in a relatively mature field, and can do more accurate planning.

The productive forces opened up by science and technology have created a highly developed material civilization, and the level of modern science and technology has become a bargaining chip in the international political struggle and a symbol of the status of a great power.

Science and technology are a special social phenomenon and social activity in human society. It is born on the basis of human practice and in turn affects human society. Just as Marx "regarded science as a powerful lever of history" and "the driving force of revolution in history".

Science is the knowledge of the objective world. It is a body of knowledge that reflects objective facts and laws and their related activities. It is divided into natural sciences, social sciences, and thinking sciences.

Technology is divided into broad and narrow senses, technology in the broad sense includes production technology and non-production technology, and technology in the narrow sense refers to production technology, that is, the production methods and means of human transformation of nature.

The development of science and technology mainly promotes the transformation of means of production. For example, the development of iron-making technology has led to the replacement of stone tools by iron tools for agricultural production. The use of agricultural machinery replaces hand tools. Second, science and technology have contributed to changes in the objects of labor.

For example, the development of ocean exploration technology means that human production activities extend to the bottom of the sea, the development of aerospace technology has enabled human beings to step into the vast universe, and nanotechnology means that human beings have more and newer production materials. Third, the development of science and technology has promoted the improvement of workers' scientific and cultural quality.

The development of science and technology is the main driving force and growth point of production and economic development in modern society. The most obvious is that the development of science and technology has promoted changes in the industrial structure. Since the Industrial Revolution, large-scale machine production has replaced manual labor, and industry has developed rapidly, gradually exceeding the proportion of agriculture.

After the third scientific and technological revolution, the tertiary industry continued to develop and became the largest industry in the world.

The development of science and technology has contributed to the change of lifestyle. For example, changing the way people communicate, consume, learn, relax, and play.

Science is the study of the existence of objective things and their related laws. What is Science and Technology? Science and technology is the knowledge that can be used by mankind by using "the doctrine of studying the existence of objective things and their related laws".

It should be pointed out that because people study objective things differently, science and science and technology are two concepts that can be transformed into each other, that is to say, science can be science and technology, and science and technology can also be science. For example, the automobile engine theory can be called automobile engine science compared to the automobile, and the automobile theory is the automobile science and technology with comprehensive application of science such as engine science, mechanical transmission science, electronic science and other sciences; Engine theory is also a science and technology, which includes the comprehensive application of materials science, fuel science, mechanics and other sciences. Therefore, it is necessary to talk about science and science and technology in a targeted manner, otherwise the concepts of science and science and technology will be easily confused.

It is generally believed that high technology is a kind of cutting-edge science and technology that is talent-intensive, knowledge-intensive, technology-intensive, capital-intensive, risk-intensive, information-intensive, industry-intensive, highly competitive and permeable, and has a major impact on the development and progress of human society. This will be one of the key factors driving the development of all walks of life.

The term science and technology contains the two concepts of science and technology, although they belong to different categories, but the two are inextricably linked to each other. There is both a difference and a connection between science and technology.

Science is the theoretical guidance of technology, technology is the theoretical basis of science, combined with the actual production of development and research, the new methods, new materials, new processes, new varieties, new products, etc., technology is the practical application of science, is the intermediary between science and production, without technology, science has no practical significance to production.

The difference between science and technology.

First, the form is different.

1. Science is generally manifested in the form of knowledge and theory; Troublesome.

2. Technology is generally expressed in the form of matter.

Second, the tasks are different.

1. Science should solve the problem of "what" and "why";

2. Technology is "what to do" and "how to do".

Third, the purpose is different.

1. The purpose of science is to seek the essence of phenomena and take the understanding of the subject as its own responsibility;

2. Technology is the sublimation of a certain understanding or experience, and is used to transform the activities of the subject.

Fourth, the management methods are different.

1. Scientific management methods emphasize how well they work;

2. Technology focuses on how it works.

The relationship between science and technologyThe relationship between science and technology is a different concept, but it is closely linked. Science and technology always coexist in a specific context, and this is because there is an inseparable link between the two.

Science and technology are dialectically unified, technology and liquid mathematics put forward the topic, science completes the topic, science is the discovery, is the theoretical guidance of technology; Technology is an invention and a practical application of science. Science provides knowledge, and technology provides the means and methods to use this knowledge.

Advances in science and technology will bring about changes in society as a whole. Science and technology are a dialectical unity of the whole, there is technology in science, and there is science in technology. Science is the foundation of technology, but sometimes the development of technology drives the progress of science.