What is the lunar calendar set up and how is the lunar calendar formulated?

The lunar calendar is the traditional Chinese calendar, also known as the lunar calendar. It is divided according to the cycle of the moon, and the time of the month starting from the new day and ending before the next new day is one month. Unlike the solar calendar (solar calendar), the lunar calendar does not have a fixed length of years and seasons, and the length of the year is generally between 354-355 days.

The process of developing the lunar calendar dates back to ancient times, with the earliest records dating back to the Shang Dynasty. In ancient times, astronomical observations were seen as an important task, and specialized astronomers were sent to observe celestial phenomena to provide data and support for the development of the calendar. Based on the observed celestial phenomena, such as moon phases, solar eclipses, lunar eclipses, etc., astronomers deduce the alternation of the lunisolar calendar and the setting of leap months and incorporate them into the almanac.

Historically, China's lunar calendar has undergone many reforms and improvements, such as the Taichu calendar during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and the Great Yan Calendar of the Tang Dynasty. By the time of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, the Chinese lunar calendar was largely finalized and is still used in many parts of the country today.

Determine the months and solar terms by observing the changes of the moon.

Over time, the lunar calendar gradually developed into a complete calendar system. In Chinese history, many emperors have ordered the formulation of the lunar calendar, and the most famous of them are the "Taichu Calendar" ordered by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and the "Great Yan Calendar" ordered by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.

At present, China adopts a calendar system based on the Gregorian calendar, but the lunar calendar is still widely used in many daily life and cultural activities.

1. The lunar calendar is a traditional Chinese calendar, and the lunar calendar is a kind of lunisolar calendar, which is often erroneously called the lunar calendar in the folk.

2. The lunar calendar takes the change cycle of the moon phase, that is, the length of the synodic month as the month, adds the "24 solar terms" component of the Ganzhi calendar, refers to the length of the year when the sun is returning to the year, and sets the leap month to make the average calendar year and the return year brighter and more regretful.

3. The lunar calendar is a kind of calendar based on the Chinese calendar (lunar calendar) and integrated with the components of the solar calendar. Therefore, in the strict sense of the word, China's lunar calendar should not be called a lunar calendar, but a luni-solar calendar.

The lunar calendar is based on the moon.

The lunar year is 12 or 13 months, and the number of days in each month is 29 or 30 days depending on the moon's orbit around the earth, 13 months in leap years, 353 or 354 days in a normal year and 384 or 385 days in leap years, with an average of about one day per year (i.e., the time it takes for the earth to orbit the sun).

The lunar calendar is basically based on a 19-year cycle, because the lunar calendar year is about 355 days, and the difference with the earth year is about 11 days, so every 3 years to place a leap month, every 19 years to put 7 leap months. A year with a leap month is also called a leap year, and the specific leap month depends on the solar terms. For example, May 27, 2001, May 27, 1982 and May 27, 1963 in the Gregorian calendar are all the fifth days of the fourth month of the leap month.

The month to which the leap month is added is inferred from the rules of the lunar calendar, and is mainly determined according to the correspondence with the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar. Since the beginning of the winter solstice, every singular number is the solar term, and every even number is the middle air, such as the turn of a month only the solar term and no middle air, that is, the leap month of the previous month. The number of leap months in the lunar calendar is the same as the number of days in a normal month, which is 29 or 30 days.

Let's talk about the synopsis first, the lunar calendar refers to the ancient Chinese calendar. The solar calendar refers to the solar calendar (according to the law of the sun's movement to determine the time, in fact, the earth revolves around the sun, but the ancients did not know), the lunar calendar refers to the solar calendar (the ancient yin refers to the moon, the lunar calendar is to determine the time according to the law of the moon's movement), and the Gregorian calendar is the world's common calendar (it was not public at the beginning, but was later used publicly, and the Gregorian calendar is also a solar calendar).

Let's talk about the differences and connections between them.

The lunar calendar is a lunisolar calendar used in ancient China.

In ancient China, the earth was divided into 24 equal parts around the sun, commonly known as the 24 solar terms, because it is related to the movement of the sun, so it is called the solar calendar.

The lunar calendar is divided according to the movement of the moon, and a plastic moon is the sky, so the lunar calendar has 30 days in the big month and 29 days in the small month. However, this causes an error of about 10 days with the return year of the sky, so the lunar calendar pulls back the deviation of the lunar calendar from the actual return year in the form of a leap month of about three years (actually 7 runs in 19 years).

Because China's agriculture is mainly determined according to the solar terms, but there are only 24 solar terms, which is too inconvenient to plan. Therefore, in ancient China, the solar calendar and the lunar calendar were combined into a lunisolar calendar, commonly known as the lunar calendar (that is, the solar term of the solar calendar is calculated by the month and day of the year in the lunar calendar, which is convenient for people's daily planning, so the solar terms on the lunar calendar are beating, not a fixed number of months). So the lunar calendar is actually a combination of the solar calendar and the lunar calendar.

The Gregorian calendar is the Western calendar. According to the circle around the sun for 365 days, the equal division is divided into December, and then through the form of 4 years and 1 run more day, pull back 365 pairs of actual deviation (the actual is 4 years and 1 run, an average of one day, then a hundred years without a run, an average of one year, and then four hundred years and another run, an average of one year. It's very close to the reality so far.,Don't continue to moisten anymore.,It's too complicated and others can't remember)ps:

The 24 solar terms of the Chinese solar calendar and the Gregorian calendar are basically one-to-one fixed dates, because they are both solar calendars. For example, Qingming (Qingming is one of the 24 solar terms, not a lunar festival) is always around April 5 of the Gregorian calendar every year.

Perhaps because the Gregorian calendar is also calculated according to one circle around the sun, it is simply called the Gregorian calendar in China. It may also be that when it was first introduced to China, it was called a foreign calendar, and later it became a solar calendar. Either way.

Now in popular terms, the solar calendar refers to the Gregorian calendar, and the ancient Chinese solar calendar and lunar calendar are combined into the lunar calendar, and the solar calendar is no longer taken out separately. It is the lunar part that calculates the month and day in the lunar calendar, so the number of the month and day of the lunar calendar is actually the day of the month of the lunar calendar.

The lunar calendar, as the name suggests, was born in agriculture, or a calendar created for the convenience of agricultural production. Based on the traditional lunar calendar, the solar calendar is combined, because agricultural production should refer to the 24 solar terms, and the solar terms are based on the solar calendar. Specifically, the change period of the moon phase, i.e., the synodic month, is taken as the length of the month, the "24 solar terms" component of the Ganzhi calendar is added, and the length of the solar return year is referred to as the length of the year, and the leap month is set to adapt the average calendar year to the return year.

The lunar calendar is a calendar based on the lunar calendar (summer calendar) and integrated with the components of the solar calendar. Therefore, the lunar calendar is a lunisolar calendar.

The lunar calendar, as the name suggests, is a calendar based on the orbit of the moon around the earth, specifically, it refers to a calendar arranged according to the moon's lunar cycle, with the moon orbiting the earth for one (with the sun as a reference, the actual moon orbits for more than a week). ) is January, that is, a calendar in which the synodic month is used as the basis for determining the calendar month, and the year is twelve calendar months.

The Gregorian calendar, as the name suggests, is a calendar based on the cycle of the Earth's movement around the Sun. The months and days of the solar calendar are in good agreement with the position of the sun on the ecliptic, 12 months in a year, 365 days in a normal year, and 366 days in a leap year.