The 2nd Environmental Star National Primary School Science and Technology Competition Answers

According to the nature of the discussion, graduation can be divided into establishment and refutation. Argumentative graduation** refers to the positive presentation and argumentation of one's own views and claims. An article that focuses on arguments is argumentative.

It is required that the arguments are clear, the arguments are sufficient, the arguments are rigorous, and the reason and facts are convincing. Argumentative graduation** refers to establishing one's own arguments and claims by refuting the arguments of others. If graduation focuses on refutation and refutes some erroneous views, opinions, and theories, it is a rebuttal graduation.

In addition to the requirements of arguments, arguments, and arguments, refutation also requires-for-tat confrontation and argumentation.

According to the size of the research question, graduation can be divided into macro and micro theory. Where the country is overall, universal, and has a certain guiding significance for local work, it is called macro. It has a wide range of research areas and a wide range of influences.

On the contrary, the study of local and specific problems is microscopic. It has guiding significance for specific work, and the scope of influence is narrower.

In addition, there is a comprehensive classification method, that is, the graduation ** is divided into four categories: topical, debated, review and comprehensive

1 Thematic Type**. This is a kind of analysis of the research results of predecessors, in the form of direct discourse, to express opinions, from the positive point of a certain academic problem in a certain discipline. For example, in the twelfth chapter of this book, the article "The Method and Art of Leaders Highlighting the Key Points of Work" discusses the meaning, methods and principles of the working methods of highlighting the important old search points from a positive perspective, which shows the author's affirmation and understanding of the methods of highlighting the key points of work.

2 Argumentative**. This is a kind of opinion on the opinions of others on a certain academic issue in a certain discipline, with sufficient arguments, focusing on exposing their shortcomings or mistakes, and expressing opinions in the form of arguments. For example, "Has the Household Responsibility System Changed the Nature of Rural Collective Ownership?"

In this article, we refute and analyze the viewpoint that "the household responsibility system has changed the nature of rural collective ownership", and expound the viewpoint that "the household responsibility system has not changed the rural collective ownership" in the form of arguments. In addition, in response to several different opinions or erroneous views that are generally popular in society, and refute them with positive reasons, it is also an argumentative type.

3 Roundup**. This is a kind of induction and summary of the existing research results of predecessors or presenters on a certain academic issue in a certain discipline, and then introduce or comment on it, so as to express their own opinions.

4 Comprehensive**. This is a kind of writing that organically combines the two forms of summary and argumentation. For example, the article "On Several Issues in the History of China's Ethnic Relations" not only introduces the current situation of studying the history of ethnic relations, but also puts forward several issues worthy of study.

Therefore, it is a comprehensive **.