Schr dinger: The cat, can you explain it to me in detail?

Schrödinger's cat is a thought experiment proposed by the famous Austrian physicist Schrödinger, which involves keeping a cat in an airtight container with a small amount of radium and cyanide.

There is a chance that radium will decay, if radium decays, it will trigger a mechanism to smash the bottle containing cyanide, and the cat will die; If radium does not decay, the cat survives. According to the theory of quantum mechanics, since radioactive radium is in a superposition of decay and non-decay, cats should be in a superposition of dead and live cats. This cat, which is both dead and alive, is the so-called "Schrödinger cat".

However, it is impossible to have a cat that is both dead and alive, and the result will not be known until the container is opened.

Schrödinger's cat meaning

In life, Schrödinger's cat refers to the certainty and uncertainty of things, that is, the two sides of things. For example, I'm about to do something, and it's half successful and half successful'Possibility, in this case it can be assumed that this is Schrödinger's cat. In addition, if you toss a coin into the sky, you don't know if it will end up with heads or tails, both of which are half likely.

Until you open your hand, the coin is in the state of Schrödinger's cat.

This kind of uncertain thing is still relatively common in life, and it is not so rare, and Schrödinger's cat can be regarded as a more interesting and reasonable way to describe it. There are even people who extend this to a certain extent, and finally get Schrödinger's sister method.

Schrödinger's cat is a story in quantum mechanics, and its role is actually to present Schrödinger's experiment in the most vivid way.

What does Schrödinger's cat mean?

"Schrödinger's Cat" is a famous thought experiment proposed by the Austrian physicist Schrödinger in 1935 about the superposition of life and death of cats [1], which is a deduction that extends quantum behavior in the microscopic realm to the macroscopic world. Here we must understand one phenomenon of quantum behavior: observation.

Microscopic matter has different forms of existence, i.e., particles and waves. Normally, microscopic matter exists in a superimposed chaotic state of waves; Once observed, they immediately choose to become particles. The experiment goes like this:

In one box was a cat, as well as a small amount of radioactive material. After that, there is a 50% chance that the radioactive material will decay and release poison gas to kill the cat, and a 50% chance that the radioactive material will not decay and the cat will survive.

According to classical physics, one of these two outcomes is bound to occur in a box, and an outside observer can only know the result inside if he opens the box [2]. In the quantum world, when the box is closed, the whole system remains in an uncertain wave state, i.e., the superposition of life and death of cats. Whether the cat is alive or dead can only be determined after the box is opened, when the outside observer observes the matter in the form of particles.

The purpose of this experiment is to demonstrate that quantum mechanics has a supernatural knowledge and understanding of the microscopic particle world, but this makes the microscopic uncertainty principle become the macroscopic uncertainty principle, the objective law is not subject to human will, and the cat is both alive and dead against logical thinking.

Schrödinger's cat, this experiment was used at the time to criticize the theory of quantum mechanics, and to oppose the idea that opposite properties (such as life and death) proposed in quantum mechanics can exist in the same matter at the same time - this idea, that is, even if we do not know whether the cat in the iron box will be alive or dead in an hour, it is certain that the cat can only have one state - life or death, and it cannot be both life and death. However, this experiment is now mostly used to prove the idea that particles in quantum theory can be superimposed—and more and more physical experiments have proved that quantum theory should be correct. However, even if quantum theory proves that matter in nature can exist on two sides at the same time, many things in real life cannot be generalized by quantum theory - in other words, many physicists who supported quantum theory during World War II believed that everything in the world could be explained by quantum theory and probabilized everything - I personally think that Schrödinger and Einstein mainly opposed this.

In short, things in real life should be: black is black, white is white, life is life, death is death, everything has a cause and effect, it is certain, not impossible and impossible - in my opinion, this is what Schrödinger's cat experiment is trying to tell us.

In the completely sealed box there is a cat and a gas switch. If you touch the switch, the cat will be poisoned, and if you don't touch the switch, the cat will be safe. You don't know the result until you open the box, so you make observations, and you determine the final form of the cat, which is both alive and dead.

That is, the process from a chaotic superimposed state to a definite state.

What is "Schrödinger's cat"? What kind of secret does it contain?

Put the cat in a box. When you open a chest, a random trap will trigger that kills the cat. So the observer's behavior will affect the outcome of the observation.

You don't care about a thing, it's there. If you want to study it, then the results will be influenced by you.

Schrödinger's cat is a thought experiment proposed by the famous Austrian physicist Schrödinger, which tries to explain the problem of the principle of quantum superposition at the microscopic scale from the macroscopic scale, and cleverly connects the existence form of microscopic matter as a particle or a wave after observation with the macroscopic cat, so as to verify the quantum existence form when the observation intervenes. With the development of quantum physics, Schrödinger's cat also extended physical problems and philosophical controversies such as parallel universes.

Research significance: The "Schrödinger's cat" state not only has theoretical research significance, but also has the potential for practical application. For example, the multi-particle Schrödinger-cat state system can be used as the core component of future high-fault tolerant quantum computers, and can also be used to make extremely sensitive sensors and precision measurement equipment such as atomic clocks and interferometers.

What does Schrödinger's cat mean?

To put it simply, it was a thought experiment designed by Schrödinger to represent the imperfection of the "wave function collapse" theory in the quantum theory of his time.

A cat is placed in an opaque box, which is then connected to an experimental setup containing a radioactive nucleus and a container containing toxic gases. Imagine that this radioactive nucleus has a 50% chance of decaying within an hour. If decay occurs, it will emit a particle, which will trigger the experimental device to open the container containing the poisonous gas, killing the cat.

According to quantum mechanics, when not observed, the nucleus is in a superposition of decayed and undecayed, but if the box is opened after an hour, the experimenter can only see "decayed nuclei and dead cats" or "undecayed nuclei and living cats".

According to quantum mechanics, when not observed, the quantum system is in a superposition of decayed and undecayed, which can be described by a wave function, which can be solved by the Schrödinger equation.

When an observation occurs, the system is no longer in a superposition state and becomes a state of one of the two, the so-called "wave function collapse".

Wave function collapse: refers to the phenomenon that the wave function of some quantum mechanical system changes abruptly after some interaction with the outside world to one of the eigenstates or a linear combination of a finite number of eigenstates with the same eigenvalue.

Schrödinger reflects the superposition of quantum systems through the superposition of the cat's life and death at the macroscopic level, and reflects the microscopic observations that cause the collapse of the quantum system by opening the box at the macroscopic level.

Schrödinger's original intention was that quantum mechanics itself would be incomplete without a reasonable explanation for the collapse of the wave function and the state in which the cat was located.

In other words, the theory of "wave function collapse" in quantum mechanics still needs to be completed.

A more general explanation is that the wave function has collapsed before the box is opened, and the cat is already one of the deterministic states of dead or alive. It's not about opening the box and observing the wave function collapse caused by this behavior.

This is the objective collapse theory.

According to the objective collapse theory, superimposed states are spontaneously destroyed when certain objective physical thresholds (time, mass, temperature, irreversibility, etc.) are reached. As a result, the cat will be in an exact state long before the box is opened. It's OK.

In order to be said to be "the cat observes itself" or "the environment observes the cat".

Objective collapse theory requires some modifications to standard quantum mechanics to allow the destruction of superposition states to be allowed in the course of time evolution.

These are all clichés of Schrödinger's time.

In fact, the reality of the wave function collapse has not been completely determined; Scientists have been debating whether wave function collapse is one of the natural phenomena of the world, or whether it is just part of a phenomenon, such as a subsidiary phenomenon of quantum decoherence. In recent years, quantum decoherence has replaced wave function collapse as a more popular theory among quantum physicists.

The answer you expect is probably not scientific understanding ... To put it simply, the cat in the experiment is in a superimposed state of life and death, note that it is a third state different from life or death, not because you didn't open the experiment container, so you can't determine whether it is dead or alive.

I never know if it's dead or alive, it's an understanding of Schrödinger's cat, when you feel like you're half-dead, you might as well use this to describe yourself, it's very literary, haha.

It's a cat, a cat in a lab box, a cat dedicated to science.

The main thing is to illustrate the uncertainty.

Specifics: "Dead and alive", you can't determine the state of the cat before opening the box or not, but once you open the box, the state of the cat will definitely be determined to be 50% of it. It can be said that the cat in the box has been alive until the box is opened, or it can be said that the cat is dead.

By extension, when a chest is opened, a random trap will be triggered that kills the cat. So the observer's behavior will affect the outcome of the observation. One thing doesn't care about it, it's there. If you want to study it, the results will be influenced by yourself.

In layman's terms, it's just to illustrate the problem in layman's terms.

For example, if you have a wife, you are not sure whether she loves you or not, at this time there will only be two results in your thinking, love or not love, you don't ask, these two results will always exist, scientifically this is called "both love and not love", this is also the state of both dead and alive corresponding to Schrödinger's cat.

Only if you ask, there will be a result, but once you ask your wife, the result will be decided. And this result is due to the fact that you ask a question, that is, your question directly intervenes in the outcome.

I'll just put it simply, a box contains a cat with a bottle of poison that can be broken. When you observe a cat, the chance of the cat dying is half the time, because the cat will definitely die if it breaks the poison, and if it doesn't break it, it's fine, you know! But if it's a quantum world, the chance of a cat dying when you observe it is half and half, which is the same reality as we know it.

But if you don't observe, such as closing the box, then the state of the cat in the box is dead and not dead at the same time! Other words. In the quantum world, if someone observes it, there is only one quantum state, and if you don't observe it, then there are two quantum states at the same time.

Generally speaking, it's like buying a beer with a prize for opening the lid, when is the moment that determines whether the bottle of beer you buy will win a prize or not? Is it the moment you pick up the beer from the supermarket, or the moment the store puts it on the shelf, or the moment the manufacturer packs the case, or the moment when you fill ......the cap?And so on all the way back to the birth of the first wheat on Earth. And how wheat was born is destined to be an inexplicable ......So there was only one possibility, and the real decisive thing was the moment the lid was opened.

I think this Schrödinger's cat is talking about 1 the uncertainty of any event. You won't see the results until you make a choice. 2 The result you choose is the result of the plane you are in, then there is another one that you choose in another parallel space.

This can also be said to be the result of a third person standing outside of you and the cat watching you.

This life is very popular、、、 it is about an experiment on quantum theory in an ideal state, imagining that a cat is put into a closed and opaque box, there is a poison bottle in the box, and the poison bottle and a radioactive nucleus form an ideal device, assuming that the nucleus has a 50% chance of decaying within an hour, and the decay of the nucleus will trigger the device to open the poison bottle, then you will not know whether the cat is alive or dead without opening the box.

Schrödinger said: According to the explanation of quantum mechanics, the cat in the box is in a "superposition of life and death" - both dead and alive. It is not until you open the box and look at the cat that you decide whether it lives or dies.

That is, the nucleus is in a superposition state of decay and non-decay, so the cat is in a superposition state of dead or alive. This turns the microscopic uncertainty of quantum mechanics into macroscopic uncertainty, and the microscopic chaos into macroscopic absurdity – the cat is either dead or alive, and both must be one or the other, and it is impossible to be both dead and alive at the same time.