The characteristics of the dwellings in the North China Plain are the characteristics of the North C

1. North China dwellings.

North China Plain. Most of the traditional Han residential buildings are bungalows, the house structure is made of wooden pillars and joists and purlins, supporting rafters and light tile roofs, and the north, east and west sides are maintained by blue brick walls, raw brick walls, stone walls and rammed earth walls, and there are windows for south-facing doors. Low window sills, windows used to be more and more windows, the windows have lattices, pasted paper, now more dead windows, large glass, the house is full of light.

There is a clay kang in the room, which communicates with the stove. Spread mats on the kang, carpet on the mats, and low tables on the top, which can be used for dining or entertaining guests. The roofs are mostly herringbone (commonly known as two-sided slopes), and the slope slope is gentle.

In addition to tile roofs, there are also rafters with thin branches and mud to make roofs. For the province of labor, strong, Guanzhong Plain.

and the roofs of Shanxi residential buildings are more sloped. The courtyard combinations of the Han people in the north are mostly in the courtyard style, represented by the Beijing courtyard house. �

The Beijing Courtyard House is dominated by three main rooms facing north and south. On both sides of the main house are transepts. In front of the main house is the central courtyard, the east and west south side of the courtyard is the wing room, there are also ear rooms on both sides of the wing room, and there is a hanging flower door on the south side of the courtyard leading forward.

On the south side of the front yard is the main gate and the inverted seat next to the gate. Some courtyard houses stand on the opposite side of the gate.

The south-facing main house is connected to the east and west wings with corridors. Large-scale houses, the main house after the backyard, the backyard after the correction of the room, the wing room behind the narrow patio, the patio after the patio and then the wing, this way to the rear and left and right superimposed.

The houses in North China are mainly courtyard houses.

The courtyard houses in the Beijing area are symmetrically arranged according to the north-south longitudinal axis, the gate is opened in the southeast corner, turn left into the front yard to enter the front yard to the north for the south-facing main house, the main house and the wings on both sides are connected by the corridor, and some have a backyard behind. Due to the cold and dry winter in North China, and the north wind, the main house is mostly north and south, and there is a fire kang in the bedroom.

The traditional layout of one light and two dark floors has been enduring for generations, with a hall in the middle, which is the hub of the family house, a place to receive guests and carry out work, and can also be used as an auxiliary room and storage place for the living room, with bedrooms on both sides. Three or four rooms are lined up, and the hall house doubles as a kitchen, so that cooking and burning kang are also burned. Entering the door is a hall house, and there is a pot stove on the left and right sides behind the door, commonly known as "two tiger doors".

The fire kang is in the south direction and is connected to the stove. The depth is small, average.

Three or four meters, each bay is equipped with a transverse partition wall. It is customary to not open the window in the north direction, and the wooden lattice paper paste window in the south direction, with small light transmittance. This type of house is suitable for families of two or three generations.

Women and the elderly mostly do housework or rest on the kang during the day, and the whole family eats three meals a day, a handful of firewood cooks, and burns the kang, which not only saves firewood, but also eats and lives conveniently.

The main disadvantage of this kind of rural house is that the hall and kitchen are not ideal, the indoor smoke and fire are not hygienic when cooking, the ventilation and lighting are not good, and the side rooms on both sides block the sunlight between the two dark rooms of the main house.

The courtyard surrounded by sunlight is an important factor in the formation of the courtyard in the north, and it also causes certain shortcomings, that is, the orientation of the southeast house is not good, but it can maximize the use of the floor area, which is an effective measure to save land in North China where there are many people and little land.

The North China Plain is dominated by brick houses.

1. Abundant resources and energy, including coal, oil, iron ore, sea salt, etc.

2. It is an important agricultural base in China, especially the planting industry, and the main grains are wheat, cash crops, cotton, etc.

3. It is an important industrial base in China, including the Beijing-Tianjin-Tang Industrial Base, one of the four major industrial bases in China, which is a comprehensive blind industrial base with a high degree of development.

4. It is a relatively convenient area in China, with relatively developed sea, land and air transportation, dense highway network and railway network, and sea transportation is also very convenient.

5. Dense population and abundant labor force; At the same time, it also has the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangzhou area among the four major urban agglomerations in China, with large market demand and broad prospects.

6. In the overall economic structure, the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries is relatively high, and it is one of the more developed regions in China.

7. Strong scientific and technological force.

8. It is the political center of our country, and the capital Beijing belongs to the North China Plain.

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The North China Plain is characterized by low and flat terrain, most of which are below 50 meters above sea level, and the eastern coastal plain is less than 10 meters above sea level. It is slightly oblique from west to east. It is a Cenozoic fault area on the North China Continental Platform.

It is one of the three major plains in China and an important part of the Great Plain in eastern China, partly in the Bohai-North China Basin.

The North China Plain is mainly formed by the alluvium of the Yellow River, Haihe River and Luan River. The lower reaches of the Yellow River naturally traverse the central part and are divided into two parts: the Huaibei Plain in the south and the Haihe Plain in the north.

Over the past 100 years, the Yellow River has been reclaimed here in a pure section of land reclamation covering an area of 2,300 square kilometers. The plains also continue to extend towards the ocean, most rapidly in the Yellow River Delta, with an average of 2 3 km per year. Eggplant stuff.

The North China Plain is an important part of the Great Plain in eastern China. It is also known as the Huanghuaihai Plain. It is located at 32° 40° north latitude and 114° 121° east longitude.

It reaches the southern foot of Yanshan Mountain in the north, reaches the north side of Dabie Mountain in the south, leans on Taihang Mountain and Funiu Mountain in the west, borders the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea in the east, and spans 7 provinces and cities of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu, with an area of 300,000 square kilometers. The plain has a flat terrain, numerous rivers and lakes, convenient transportation, and developed economy, and has been the political, economic, and cultural center of China since ancient times, and the population and cultivated land area of the plain account for about 1 5 of China.

The North China Plain is the second largest plain in China, the terrain is low and flat, mostly below 50 meters above sea level, it is a typical alluvial plain, it is caused by the sediment of the Yellow River, Haihe River, Huai River, Luanhe River, etc., the sediment thickness in most places is up to seven or eight hundred meters, and the thickest Kaifeng, Shangqiu, Xuzhou area is up to 5,000 meters. The area of the North China Plain is still expanding.

The North China Plain is mainly formed by the alluvium of the Yellow River, Huai River, Haihe River and Luan River. The lower reaches of the Yellow River naturally traverse the central part and are divided into two parts: the Huanghuai Plain in the south and the Haihe Plain in the north.

Over the past 100 years, the Yellow River has reclaimed 2,300 square kilometers of land here. The plains also continue to extend towards the sea, most rapidly in the Yellow River Delta, with an average of 2.3 km per year.

The terrain is low and flat, most of which are below 50 meters above sea level, and the eastern coastal plain is less than 10 meters above sea level. It is slightly oblique from west to east. It mainly belongs to the Cenozoic huge depression, with a sedimentary thickness of about 1500 5000 meters.

The plains are mostly low-lying, lakes and marshes. It is concentrated between Baoding and Dagu in the north of the alluvial fan of the Yellow River. Due to the large amount of sediment carried by the Yellow River, the Yellow River overflows, overflows, and is frequently diverted.

After 1949, it was renovated and governed. Due to the increase in spring evaporation, less precipitation, less river runoff, and man-made reasons, spring drought often occurs in the North China Plain.

Climate: The temperate monsoon climate is dominant, with high temperature and rain in summer and cold and little rain in winter;

Topography: mainly plain, flat and open;

Water source: Hai River, Yellow River, Huai River and other rivers;

It is located in the north-east of China, between Yanshan, Taihang Mountain and Huaihe River, from Taihang Mountain and Funiu Mountain in the west, to the Yellow Sea, Bohai Sea and Shandong Hills in the east, from Yanshan Mountain in the north to Dabie Mountain in the south. It is the second largest plain in China, and most of the North China Plain belongs to the warm temperate humid or semi-humid climate, with dry, cold and dry winters and high temperature and rainy summers.

The terrain is flat, the soil is fertile, the water source is sufficient, there are Hai River, the Yellow River, the Huai River alluvium, the drought and flood alkali disasters are serious, and it belongs to the warm temperate zone.

Beijing was originally recorded as Ji, and was historically the capital of five dynasties. Beijing is located on the northwest edge of the North China Plain, covering an area of more than 10,000 square kilometers.

Xishan and Jundu Mountain Nankou Guan ditch intersect, forming a semicircular mountain bend to the southeast, which is called Beijing Bend, and the small plain around it is the Beijing Small Plain.

The traditional houses of old Beijing are mainly courtyard houses. The former residences and palaces of celebrities scattered in the urban area are generally more courtyard houses of the Lu Hezong, such as the palace of Prince Gong on Qianhai West Street.

Hutongs are another feature of Beijing's residential architecture, which originated in the Yuan Dynasty. There are more than 7,000 hutongs in Beijing, the oldest hutong is Sanmiao Street, the longest hutong is Dongjiaomin Lane, and the narrowest hutong is Qianhuidushi Hutong in the Qianmen Dashilar area.