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Peking Opera, the "quintessence" of the People's Republic of China and the national opera, has a history of 200 years and is well-known at home and abroad. Also known as "Pi Huang", it is composed of two basic tones of "Xipi" and "Erhuang", and also sings some local tunes and Kunqu opera songs. It was formed in Beijing around 1840 and flourished in the 20th century.

The thirties and forties. It is still a major drama with world-class influence. Its industry is comprehensive, the performance is mature, and the momentum is magnificent, and it is the representative of modern Chinese Han opera.

Peking Opera is a type of opera that has spread throughout the country. In foreign countries, it often represents the art of Chinese opera, so it is also known as "national opera" One of the most influential Han opera genres in China, it has a history of nearly 200 years. The name of Peking Opera was first seen in the "Declaration" in the second year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1876).

Peking Opera originated from four local operas: first, Hui Opera, which was originally popular in Anhui Province; the second is the popular Chinese drama in Hubei; the third is Kunqu opera, which is popular in Jiangsu; The fourth is the Qin opera popular in Shaanxi, also known as Bangzi. After the four major Hui troupes entered Beijing at the end of the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, they cooperated with Han tune artists from Hubei during the Jiaqing and Daoguang periods, influenced each other, and gradually accepted some repertoire, tunes and performance methods of Kunqu opera and Qin dialect, and absorbed some folk tunes and Beijing native language, and gradually integrated and developed.

Peking Opera** belongs to the board cavity, with the accompaniment of Huqin (Jinghu), gongs and drums, Jingerhu, Yueqin, etc. The main singing voice has two systems, Erhuang and Xipi, so Peking Opera is also called "Pi Huang". Peking Opera also commonly used singing voices include Nanbangzi, Siping Tune, Gao Bazi and Blowing Tone.

There are about 1,000 traditional repertoire of Peking Opera, and about 3,000 or 400 are often performed, among which in addition to those from Hui Opera, Han Opera, Kunqu Opera and Qin Opera, a considerable number of them have been written by Peking Opera artists and folk writers one after another. Peking Opera is good at showing political and military struggles with historical themes, and most of the stories are taken from historical romances and scripts. There are not only the whole plays, but also a large number of excerpts, in addition to some stage plays.

On November 16, 2010, Peking Opera was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

Expression. Singing, reciting, doing, and playing are the four artistic methods of Peking Opera performance, and they are also the four basic skills of Peking Opera performance. "Singing" refers to singing, and "reading" refers to the recitation of the first character, and the two complement each other and constitute one of the two major elements of the Peking Opera performing arts. "Doing" refers to the physical movements of dance, and "fighting" refers to the skills of martial arts and tumbling, and the combination of the two constitutes "dance", which is one of the two major elements of the performing arts of singing and dancing.

Opera actors have been trained from these four aspects since childhood, although some actors are good at singing skills (singing skills veterans), some professions are mainly based on doing skills (Hua Dan), and some are mainly martial arts (Wu Jing). However, every actor is required to have excellent singing, reading, doing, and playing four basic skills, in order to give full play to the function of opera art performance as a song and dance drama. Better performance and portrayal of various characters in the play.

Origin. In the past, Huizhou merchants were wealthy, and the success of commerce led to a high desire for cultural consumption. With the development of social economy and the rise of the Kunshan dialect of opera, they have accumulated family classes, role fighting arts, and worked hard to collect songs and dances for Qianlong to go down to the south of the Yangtze River, and did not hesitate to spend a lot of money to package the color art of Hui opera, which objectively created conditions for Hui opera to enter Beijing.

The Huizhou merchants, who dominated the business circles of the Ming and Qing dynasties for more than 500 years, were famous for their salt merchants, and the salt merchants in She County, Huangshan were particularly famous.

With the development of social economy and the rise of the Kunshan dialect of opera, literati doctors and wealthy businessmen in Jiangnan and Jiangbei have accumulated family opera troupes. Hui businessmen who have already made a name for themselves in the foreign business community have also followed suit. The opera troupe that has been raised by a Huizhou businessman for a long time is called "Huizhou class" by outsiders.

Huizhou merchants and family classes, and local operas along the Yangtze River in Anhui, including ancient Huizhou, also began to flourish.

The Hui merchants gained a firm foothold in the business world, and their relationship with the art of opera became more and more close. The "Hui Troupe," in which a large number of opera artists emerged, has also been further developed under the new historical conditions.

If you can't control these programs, you can't complete the creation of Peking Opera stage art. Because Peking Opera entered the court at the beginning of its formation, its development and growth were different from those of local operas.

Peking Opera, also known as Ping Opera, Peking Opera, etc., is one of the quintessences of China and is the most influential opera genre in China, with Beijing as the center and all over the country.

Since the 55th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1790), the four major Hui troupes that originally performed in the south, such as Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai, and Hechun, which were mainly composed of Anhui artists, entered Beijing one after another, cooperated with Han tune artists from Hubei, and at the same time accepted some repertoire, tunes and performance methods of Kunqu Opera and Qin dialect, and absorbed some local folk tunes, and finally formed Peking Opera through continuous exchanges and integration.

In May 2006, Peking Opera was approved to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. In 2010, it was inscribed on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (UNESCO).

The most influential opera genre in China.

pwd=ll0i Extraction code: ll0i Peking Opera Hudou, also known as Ping Opera, Peking Opera, etc., is one of the quintessences of China, and is the most influential opera genre in China.

The plot of Shiro's Visit.

After Yang Yanhui was captured, he changed his name and married Princess Tiejing. Liaobang Xiao Tianzuo set up the Tianmen array, and She Taijun personally conquered. Yang Yanhui thinks of his mother, sees through it for Princess Tiejing, and tells the truth; Princess Tiejing planned to steal the arrows, helped her get out of the customs, returned to the Song camp privately, and the mother and son brothers met.

Yang Yanhui returned to Liaobang, and was learned by Empress Xiao that he wanted to be beheaded, but Princess Tiejing begged for relief.

The plot of "The Female Solution".

Su San was sold into a prostitute since he was a child. Wang Jinlong was infatuated with Su San and turned tens of thousands of huge gold. Who knew that once the gold was exhausted at the head of the bed, the bustard woman would add up to the white eyes.

Although Su San was reluctant to give up, Wang Jinlong was already down, and Su San gave two silver privately, so he had to enter Beijing to take the exam. became famous in one fell swoop, and Qinfang Shanxi patrolled. After Su San went to Wang Jinlong, he actually rushed to his home in Hongtong County for Shen Hong as a concubine, and then Shen Hong was poisoned by the Pi family who colluded with Wang Po.

The case was reported to the county and Su San was framed for the crime of plotting to kill her husband. Zhang Yunzhong, the criminal curtain, and Wang Zhixian of Hongtong County, all received heavy bribes, so they did not hesitate to enjoy the week, forced Su San to draw a confession, injected it into an iron case, and distributed it to Taiyuan. Fortunately, Wang Jinlong went to Shanxi to check the case file, and when he suddenly saw the case, he was not shocked, so he ordered the secretary to lift all the criminals in the case and try them in person.

It will come to light.

The plot of "Meilong Town".

Ming Wuzong liked to go small, and entrusted Jiang Bin, Liu Jin and other villains, so that the eunuch temple got power, and the dynasty was getting worse. One day, he traveled to Meilong Town, disguised himself as an officer, and stayed at Brother Li Long's house. Li Long only has two brothers and sisters, and he sets up a wine shop to live.

Li Longshi had something to do, and asked his sister Sister Feng to entertain everything, and when the emperor saw that Sister Feng was beautiful, he suddenly said that he called for tea and wine, and used it to joke. Sister Feng is shy and angry, and Di Yi is fascinated, so she tells Sister Feng the truth. Sister Feng didn't believe it, so the emperor took off her coat and showed it to Longgon.

Sister Feng was shocked and knelt on the ground to beg for forgiveness, and the emperor smiled and comforted her. Since then, he has changed his clothes and entered the service. Pet the crown of the six palaces, the incense car treasure, and the spring breeze of the pipe.

When I think back to the red furnace to warm wine, there is really a difference between heaven and earth.

The plot of "Dream of the Spring Boudoir".

At the end of the Han Dynasty, Gongsun Zan and Liu Yu fought for power and launched a civil war, and the people of Hebei suffered from conquest and exile. The strong man Wang Hui was newly married for less than a few months, was forcibly conscripted into the army, and was killed by an arrow before the battle. His wife, Zhang, is looking forward to it at home all day long, and she doesn't realize that her thoughts have become dreams.

dreamed that Wang Hui returned from disarming, and the Zhang family was happy and complaining. Suddenly, the lack of drums was shocking, and the soldiers were mixed, all of which were flesh and blood skeletons, which frightened Zhang Shi to wake up, only to realize that it was all a dream. Refers to the old.