At the end of the 50s of the 20th century, the countries in the capitalist world economic power were

In the 50s, the German economy entered a boom period. In the 60s, the economy of the Federal Republic of Germany had surpassed that of Britain and France to become the number one capitalist power in Europe.

Chapter 4, Section 2 The Major Post-War Capitalist Countries.

1. Learning objectives.

1) Knowledge objectives.

the steady development of the American economy in the 50s of the 20th century; After the 70s, the economic development slowed down and declined, and the economic hegemony was shaken; "stagflation" of the economy after the mid-70s; the economic recovery of the 80s; the economic boom of the 90s; the reasons for the rapid economic recovery and socio-economic development of Western Europe after World War II; the reasons for the rapid economic rise of the Federal Republic of Germany; Ec; the formation of a three-legged situation in the capitalist world; the reasons for the rapid development of the Japanese economy; the détente and contradictions of the capitalist world after World War II; the deepening of the social crisis in the United States; The activity of fascism and militarism in Germany and Japan and the extreme right forces.

2) Competency objectives.

1) By studying the course of economic development and changes in the United States from the post-World War II period to the 90s, students will develop the ability to comprehensively analyze and evaluate historical events from the viewpoint of dialectical materialism.

2) By analyzing the internal and external factors of economic development and change in Western Europe and Japan after World War II, we can further understand that external factors are the conditions for the change of things, and internal factors are the determinants of the change of things.

3) Through the analysis of the contradictions and problems in the capitalist world after World War II, improve one's comprehensive dialectical understanding of capitalism, that is, the development of the capitalist economy is conducive to the alleviation of socialist contradictions, but the inherent basic contradictions of the capitalist system cannot be fundamentally solved.

Second, the knowledge allocation.

1) Knowledge guidance.

1 Postwar economic development in the United States.

2 The economic recovery and development of Western Europe after the war.

Background: During World War II, the economies of Western Europe were devastated; After the war, countries reformed, adjusted policies, and developed their economies.

Measures: Strengthen ties with the United States and use U.S. assistance. Strengthen macroeconomic regulation and control of the economy. Develop high technology, improve labor productivity, and develop emerging industries.

Result: In the early 50s, industrial production returned to pre-war levels. In the 50s and 60s, the social and economic development was rapid, the national strength rose, and there was a prosperous scene.

The process of economic integration in Western Europe has accelerated. The European Community was founded in 1967 and plays an important role in the international arena. After the 70s, it attacked the hegemony of the United States with Japan.

3 The development of the German economy after the war.

Conditions: Essentially the same measures as in other countries in Western Europe. Other specific measures and reasons:

a Political stability, political reform, elimination of fascism and demilitarization.

b The United States not only retains a strong industrial base, but also provides economic assistance through the Marshall Plan.

c.** Emphasizing the operation of the economy according to the laws of the market and the development of science and technology and education.

d The hard work of highly qualified workers has created an "economic miracle".

Result: In the 50s, the German economy entered a boom period. In the 60s, the economy of the Federal Republic of Germany had surpassed that of Britain and France to become the number one capitalist power in Europe.

Summary. The horizontal development of capitalism at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century refers to the transition from freedom to monopoly in the world's major capitalist countries and the establishment of their own colonial systems around the world, but this system is full of contradictions and struggles.

At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the horizontal development of capitalism refers to the transition from freedom to monopoly in the world's major capitalist countries, and the establishment of their own colonial system in the world, but this system is full of contradictions and struggles.

Its characteristics are: 1. Monopoly continues to develop to a high level, various monopoly organizations have emerged, the degree of monopoly in various countries has been greatly improved, the degree of production and market concentration has been greatly improved, and the surplus of dust has appeared as a monopoly of financial capital (chaebol) at the beginning of the 20 th century. 2. The imperialist powers have carved up the world and the old and new imperialisms are fiercely competing, and the aggression and filial piety of imperialism are undoubtedly expansive.

Imperialism is expanding its armaments and war, and a world war is imminent.

At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the capitalist powers of Europe, the United States, and Japan in Asia entered the era of imperialism. However, due to historical reasons, the degree of economic and political development among these countries is uneven. At this time, the old capitalist countries such as Britain and France developed relatively slowly, while the economies of the United States, Germany and Japan quickly caught up with and surpassed those of Britain and France.

From the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, monopoly became the basis of all economic life in the major capitalist countries, and countries entered a period of imperialist development one after another. Since then, the capitalist economy has been in a period of rapid development, which has led to the blind expansion of production in society as a whole.