What scientific discoveries did Yutu make in this lunar exploration?

The Chang'e-3 mission is burdened with three major scientific missions, namely, the investigation of lunar surface morphology and geological structure; Investigation of the composition of monthly surface substances and available resources; Earth plasmaspheric exploration and moon-based optical astronomical observations.

Chang'e-3 is the first moon-based near-ultraviolet survey in the world, filling part of the gap in the international GALEX satellite survey in the low silver latitude region, and the moon-based optical telescope is also the only scientific instrument on Chang'e-3 that is still working normally.

Another highlight of the Moon-based Optical Telescope is the discovery of a series of new astronomical phenomena in variable star research. For example, the discovery of a rare celestial body in the process of rapid material exchange and evolution of binary stars, the discovery of a batch of samples in the process of slow material exchange evolution of binary stars, the discovery of a semi-contiguous dense binary star in a six-star system, and the discovery of the possibility that close and near binary stars are common in multi-star systems.

Chang'e-3 discovered for the first time that the boundary of the Earth's plasma layer is raised under the influence of magnetospheric substorms.

Chinese scientists used the detection data of the four scientific instruments on the "Yutu" lunar rover to reveal the history of volcanic evolution in the lunar rain sea area for the first time in the world.

China's Yutu probe shocked scientists by discovering strange spots on the far side of the moon, suspected of discovering new substances?

In this exploration, the Jade Rabbit found that the moon contains a certain amount of water, but it generally exists in the form of ice science and technology, and it must be advanced.

First, Yutu discovered a new type of basalt, and the scale of this basalt unit is huge. The particle excitation X-ray spectrometer obtained the accurate content of 12 elements of lunar soil. Compared with the lunar soil of the Apollo Moon Sea Basin, we found that the lunar soil at the Chang'e-3 landing site had higher iron and titanium content, while lower aluminum content, showing a distinct difference in composition, indicating that the basalt beneath it is a new type.

In addition, the lunar soil here is rich in potassium, zirconium, yttrium, niobium, indicating that this basalt is mixed with 10-20% of the Cripp component. According to the Yutu detection results, the basalt may have been formed by the partial melting of the source area of the lunar mantle rich in iron and titanium, and then mixed with the kripping rock layer at the base of the lunar crust during the uploading process, and finally overflowed the lunar surface and filled the Yuhai Basin. Importantly, radar detected a thickness of 195 meters in this young basalt formation, suggesting that there were large-scale volcanic eruptions in the Yuhai Basin up to 2.5 billion years ago.

Secondly, for the first time, Yutu used radar to measure the thickness of lunar soil on the lunar surface. Borrowing signal processing techniques such as instantaneous spectrum analysis and offset imaging in the field of exploration, we obtained the structure and thickness of the lunar soil in the landing zone. The lunar exploration radar profile shows that the lunar soil has a layered structure, with the top layer about a meter thick and uniform texture, almost no stones, and the bottom boundary has certain undulations, with an average thickness of about 5 meters.

Since the lunar soil is formed by asteroids impacting the surface rocks of the moon, the older the geological age, the greater the thickness of the lunar soil. The age of the Chang'e-3 landing area is significantly smaller than that of other lunar sea areas, but the measured lunar soil thickness is significantly larger than the 2 4 m estimated by other indirect methods, indicating that the lunar soil thickness of the whole moon may be underestimated. Since important resources such as helium-3 and hydrogen are mainly found in lunar soil, this discovery will have a great impact on the estimation of the reserves of these important resources.

In addition, Yutu also performed chemical composition and spectral analysis of the original lunar soil on the lunar surface, and the results can be used as the correction standard value of the lunar orbit remote sensing detection data, improving the interpretation accuracy of the chemical composition and mineral composition of the whole moon. Orbital remote sensing can detect the chemical composition distribution of the whole moon, but the accuracy and accuracy are poor. On the other hand, in-situ measurements have high accuracy and accuracy, but can only detect a specific location. In the absence of in-place measurement data, it is quite difficult for scientists to assess the precision and accuracy of orbital remote sensing data.

The in-situ probe data returned by the Yutu is equivalent to providing a comparable standard for the orbit measurement data, because this site has both in-place probe data and orbit probe data. By comparing it to the in-place sounding data, scientists can make corrections to the way the orbital sounding data is processed, improving precision and accuracy.

Basalt was discovered. The particle excitation X-ray spectrometer of the scale drama obtained the accurate content of 12 elements in the lunar soil.

In 2013, after landing on the front side of the moon, the Yutu began its own lunar exploration program, in which it discovered a new type of rock similar to basalt in the rainy sea area of the moon, rich in a mineral called ilmenite, and this discovery, even the United States spent five years on the moon to explore the moon did not find.

In this exploration, the Jade Rabbit found that the moon contains a certain amount of water, which generally exists in the form of ice, and science and technology must be advanced. Ask for the adoption of ducks

A new type of rock similar to basalt has been discovered.