What is the Marshall Experiment Please elaborate

It's the Marshall Plan of the Cold War.

The Marshall Plan was a plan for U.S. aid to Europe after World War II, also known as the European Recovery Plan. On June 5, 1947, U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall delivered a speech at Harvard University, first proposing a plan to aid Europe's economic revival, hence the name Marshall Plan. At that time, he said, Europe's economy was on the verge of collapse, and supplies such as food and fuel were desperately scarce, and it needed to import far more than it could afford to pay.

Without substantial additional assistance, there will be an economic, social and political crisis of a very serious nature. He called on European countries to take the initiative to work out an economic recovery plan, and the United States to aid European countries with its surplus materials. From July to September 1947, representatives of 16 countries, including Britain, France, Italy, Austria, Belgium, Benelux, Switzerland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Greece, Turkey, Ireland, and Iceland, met in Paris and decided to accept the Marshall Plan, established the Council for Economic Cooperation in Europe, and put forward a general report requesting the United States to provide $22.4 billion in aid and loans over four years.

In April 1948, the Western Occupation Zone of Germany and the Free Zone of Trieste also announced their acceptance of the Foreign Assistance Act passed by the U.S. Congress on April 3, 1948, and the Marshall Plan was officially implemented. The original duration of the program was five years (1948-1952), but at the end of 1951, the United States announced that it would end early and replace it with the "Common Security Plan". The United States has allocated a total of $100 million to Europe, of which 88 is grants and the remainder is loans.

During the Marshall Plan, the gross national product of Western European countries grew by 25 percent. The Marshall Plan was the most successful program of post-war U.S. foreign economic and technical assistance. It laid the foundations for the establishment of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the European Economic Community, and contributed to the integration and economic recovery of Western Europe.

The Marshall Plan was the economic assistance provided by the United States and the Soviet Union to Western Europe during the Cold War.

The purpose of the test: to carry out the mix ratio design of asphalt mixture or asphalt pavement construction quality inspection. The flooded Marshall stability test is used to test the ability of asphalt mixture to resist spalling when damaged by water, and to test the feasibility of the mix design by testing its water stability.

Precautions. 1. If the height of the standard Marshall specimen does not meet the requirements or the height difference between the two sides is greater than 2mm, the specimen shall be invalidated.

2. The time from taking out the specimen from the constant temperature water tank to measuring the maximum load value shall not exceed 30s.

3. When the difference between a measured value and the average value in a group of measured values is greater than k times of the standard deviation, the measured value should be discarded, and the average value of the remaining measured values should be used as the test result. When the number of specimens n is , the k values are82。

Summary. Classmates <>

Both the Marshall test and the flooded Marshall test are test methods to evaluate the shear strength of asphalt mixtures, but the difference between them is that the flooded Marshall test immerses the specimen in submerged water for a certain period of time to simulate exposure to water on a road.

What is the difference between the Marshall test and the immersion Marshall test? What is the difference between the Marshall test and the immersion Marshall test?

Classmates <>

Both the Marshall test and the flooded Marshall test are test methods to evaluate the shear resistance of asphalt mixtures, but the difference between them is that the Yanmusong immersion Marshall test immerses the sample in submerged water for a certain period of time to simulate exposure to water on the road.

In contrast, the Marshall test does not consider the effect of moisture on the properties of asphalt mixtures.

Therefore, the flooded Marshall test is more reflective of the true performance of the asphalt mixture.

Classmates <>

Do you understand, are there any other problems that the teacher needs to help you solve?

1. Preparation (1) The size of the Marshall specimen shall be formed according to the standard compaction method, and the number of specimens in a group shall not be less than 4. (2) Measure the diameter and height of the test piece. (3) Determine the density of the specimen and calculate the relevant physical indexes according to the method specified in the specification.

4) Adjust the thermostatic water tank to the required test temperature. (1) Standard Marshall test method 1, the specimen is placed in a constant temperature sink that has reached the specified temperature for heat preservation. 2. Put the upper and lower pressure heads of the Marshall tester into the sink or oven to reach the same temperature.

3. When the automatic Marshall tester is used, connect the wiring. 4. Start the loading equipment to make the specimen bear the load, and the loading speed is 50 5mm min. 5. Record or print the stability and flow value of the specimen.

2) Water immersion Marshall test method: The difference from the standard Marshall test method is that the holding time of the specimen in the constant temperature tank that has reached the specified temperature is 48h, and the rest are the same as the standard Marshall test method.

The Marshall test is a test to determine the optimal oil-stone ratio for asphalt mixtures. The test process is to measure the stability and flow value of the asphalt mixture and other indicators under the specified temperature and humidity conditions, and after a series of calculations, the relationship curve between the oil-stone ratio and stability, flow value, density, porosity and saturation is drawn respectively, and finally the optimal oil-stone ratio of the asphalt mixture is determined.