The reason why caves are cold and hot, and caves are cold and hot

We know that in the caves in the limestone area, the deep cave body, the winding corridors are so mysterious, the roaring waterfall is so thrilling, the stalagmites standing in the cave and the strings of upside-down stalactites, and the colorful clouds constitute a beautiful picture that attracts countless tourists.

What's even more interesting is that these caves, some of which are cold, others are unusually warm, and entering them at the same time is as if you have experienced two seasons. Yixing's Shanjuan Cave, there are upper holes, middle holes and lower holes, when you enter from the middle hole, ascend to the upper hole, make people feel warm like spring; If you go down the ladder and enter the lower hole, you will feel the cold again. There is also a significant difference in temperature between the Shuanglong Cave and the Curling Cave in Jinhua, the Shuanglong Cave with the entrance facing down is warm and pleasant, but the curling hole with the entrance facing up is unusually cool.

Why is it hot and cold in the cave? The reason for this is the difference in the specific gravity of cold and warm air. Cold air is heavier and sinks, while warm air is lighter and rises.

In the cave downward from the entrance of the cave, the lighter warm air is filled in it and cannot flow out, so it is particularly warm and becomes a "warm cave"; In the cave with the entrance facing up, cold air enters the cave and accumulates more and more, like a natural reservoir of cold air, and such a cave becomes a "cold hole".

In addition to the different characteristics of cold and warm, Yixing's Shanjuan Cave can often see the foggy "cloud field" in the upper cave. This cloud is a wonderful scenery formed by the meeting of cold air outside the cave and the hot air accumulated in the upper part of the cave.

The 1st floor should be correct.

Caves are naturally formed and are artificially mined or open tunnels in the mountains. The naturally occurring pores are small and irregular. It is only used for shelter from the rain or archaeology, and is mostly open.

Caves have hot and cold reasonsWe know that the caves in the limestone area, the deep-rooted, winding corridors are so magical, the roaring waterfalls are amazing, and the stalagmites and colorful clouds in the caves form a beautiful picture scroll, attracting countless tourists. What's even more interesting is that some of these caves are cold, while others are unusually warm. At the same time, these caves have several different seasons.

Yixing's Shanjuan Cave is divided into upper cave, middle cave and lower cave. When you go in from the middle hole and climb up the hole, people will feel warm like spring; If you go down the hole layer by layer, you will feel the cold. The temperature of Shuanglong Cave and Curling Cave in Jinhua is also very different.

The Ssangyong Cave down from the entrance is warm and pleasant, while the curling cave up from the entrance is unusually cool. Why are caves hot and cold? The reason for this is that the cold and warm air differentiate differentially.

Cold air is heavier and heavier than warm air. In the cave down from the entrance of the cave, the light warm air fills it and cannot flow out, so it appears extraordinarily warm; In the cave upwards of the cave entrance, cold air accumulates more and more, like a natural reservoir of cold air. This kind of cave becomes a cold cave.

In addition to this difference between cold and warm, foggy clouds can often be seen in the upper cave. This cloud is a spectacle created by the meeting of cold air outside the cave and hot air trapped in the upper part of the cave.

There is a lot of cool wind in the cave on a hot day, and a lot of hot wind in winter, is there water in such a cave?

Dear, I'm glad to answer for you, there is a big cool breeze in the hot weather in the cave, and a lot of hot wind in the winter, is there water in such a cave, yes, there is a great cool breeze in the hot day in the cave hall, and there is a lot of hot wind in winter, and there will be water in such a cave. This kind of hole is easy to block, and water will seep in from small holes on the periphery of the cave, cracks, etc., and there may be water in a hole one meter deep. In addition, there may be sedimentary rainwater in the cave, especially when the air humidity outside the cave is high.

Because there is a lot of air in the cave, but there are two types of air, cold air and hot air, it is destined that the temperature inside the cave cannot be exactly the same. Moreover, there are no two caves in the world that are exactly the same, and the formation process of caves is tortuous and complex, and the internal structure of the cave is completely different. In some caves, the entrance of the cave is downward, so that the hot air with a relatively light mass will gather at the entrance of the cave, and it will be difficult for the cold air to enter the cave again, and the warm cave will naturally be formed, and vice versa.

First of all, the formation of caves is the result of accumulation over time, and some caves are formed because the internal rocks are affected by water erosion, and then internal tears occur; Some caves are qualitatively changed because the chemicals in the rock have been polished over time; Some are due to volcanic eruptions; Some are due to tectonic movements in rock layers.

The caves are formed in a variety of ways, which determines to a certain extent the variety of internal structures, just like the snowflakes that condensed and fell in that winter, and for varying reasons, none of them are exactly the same. Some caves have a downward orientation, while others extend upwards.

Then, the reason for the difference between cold and warm in the cave must be related to the air, and it is also an indisputable fact that the temperature of the air is an important factor in determining the cold and warm.

Air is roughly divided into cold air and hot air, and the difference between hot and cold air is the difference in gas density. According to the knowledge of physics, we are familiar with the relationship between thermal expansion and cold contraction, under the condition of high temperature, the gas movement is more intense, and the spacing will gradually increase, that is, the volume becomes larger and the density decreases. Cold air is the opposite theorem, the density should be large, so the phenomenon of hot air rising and cold air falling is formed.

Then, the entrance of the cave itself has the difference of orientation facing up and down. If it is a cave with a downward direction, then the hot air will block the cave entrance and accumulate more and more, while the cold air will not be able to enter, which will cause the temperature of the cave to rise. On the contrary, the entrance of the cave in Shandong is facing upwards, and the cold air condenses at the entrance of the cave, and the hot air cannot gather.

This creates a distinction between warm and cold in the cave.

Climate and location may vary, with most colder caves having many exits and warmer ones having only one or no exits.

For different caves, the ratio of cold and hot air in the cave is different due to the different openings of the caves.

Because the temperature of the cave is mainly regulated by flowing water and convective air, the altitude has a certain effect on the average temperature of the cave, the cold air is heavier and sinks, and the warm air is lighter and rises. So the entrance to the cave is warmer in the lower caves and colder in the higher places.

To be precise, natural caves or burrows are at a constant temperature, and they feel cool in summer and warm in winter.

Because it is a constant temperature, the temperature in the natural cave is basically maintained at about 15-20 degrees Celsius all year round, because the stone can be kept warm and heat dissipated, so people in places with conditions like to use the stone to build a house, which has the effect of warm in winter and cool in summer. As for the dryness and humidity, it is related to the topography, generally speaking, the cave is relatively dry, unless there is a spring water vein passing through, and the cave is mostly in contact with the underground water system, so it is more humid. If the muddy cellars dug out by themselves in the north are relatively dry, while the muddy burrows dug in the south are easy to encounter the underground water system, so the southerners do not dig burrows to preserve grain and other purposes.

The altitude generally does not change much about the temperature of the cave, except that the temperature of the cave is slightly cooler in cold places than in warm places.