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BC Mediterranean Iberians, Vics, Celts, came to Britain. The southeastern part of the island of Great Britain was ruled by the Roman Empire in the 1st and 5th centuries AD. After the Romans withdrew, the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes in northern Europe invaded and settled one after another.

In the 7th century, the feudal system began to form, and many small states were merged into seven kingdoms, which lasted for 200 years, and the history is known as the "Anglo-Saxon era". In 829, King Egbert of Wessex unified England, known as the "Anglo-Saxon Era". It was invaded by the Danes at the end of the 8th century and was part of the Danish pirate empire from 1016 to 1042.

After a short period of rule by the English king, in 1066 the Duke of Normandy crossed the sea to conquer England and established the Normandy dynasty. In 1215, King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta, and royal power was suppressed.

From 1338 to 1453, England and France fought the "Hundred Years' War", and England won first and then lost. England and Wales were united in 1536. In 1588, he defeated the Spanish "Armada" and established maritime supremacy.

In 1640, England was the first in the world to break out in the bourgeois revolution and became the forerunner of the bourgeois revolution. The Republic was proclaimed on May 19, 1649. In 1660 the dynasty was restored, and in 1668 the "Glorious Revolution" took place, which established a constitutional monarchy.

England was united with Scotland in 1707 and Ireland in 1801. From the second half of the 18th century to the first half of the 19th century, it became the first country in the world to complete the industrial revolution.

The 19th century was the heyday of the British Empire, and in 1914 it occupied 111 times more colonies than the mainland, making it the first colonial power. After the First World War, it began to decay. Britain established the Northern Irand County in 1920 and allowed the southern part of Ireland to secede from its rule from 1921 to 1922, with 26 counties in the south forming the "Free State" and 6 counties in the north remaining under the British rule.

The enactment of the Statute of Westminster in 1931 forced the Dominion to recognize its domestically prudent and foreign independence, and the colonial system of the British Empire was shaken ever since. After World War I, Britain began to decline, and its world hegemony was gradually replaced by the United States. World War II was a major weakening of economic power and a decline in political status.

With the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, the British colonial system began to disintegrate, but Britain remained the leader of the 53 member states of the British Commonwealth. At present, the UK still has 13 territories overseas. In January 1973 he joined the European Union.